Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
denticulate ligaments
extension of pia that anchor spinal chord to inside of dura
dorsal spinal nerve
incoming signals enter the spinal cord through this
filum terminale
inferior extension of pia to anchor chord to dura inside sacrum
pia mater
innermost covering of the spinal cord
arachnoid
intermediate covering of the spinal cord
dorsal horn
sensory neurons in gray matter
lateral horn
sympathetic preganglionic neuron cells bodies in the gray mater
upper limbs
the brachial plexus innervates what
brachial plexus
the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord gives rise to what
lumbar and sacral plexus
the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord gives rise to what
lower limbs
the lumbar plexus and sacral plexus are innervated what
t6
where cuneatus fasciculus ends
t1-t12
where does the lateral horn exist
above vetebrae
where spinal nerves exit the cervical column
L1/L2
where the spinal cord ends and the cauda equina can be seen
gracilis fasciculus
white dot
dorsal ramus
yellow
filum terminale
pia mater that anchos the tip of the conus medullaris to the sacral region (white due to fibrous nature)
inferior to vertebra
where all spinal nerves (except cervical) exit the spinal column
cervical and lumbar
where are the two enlargements in the spinal cord
ventral column
ascending and descending axons and commissural (cross midline)
dorsal column
ascending sensory axons carrying mechanoreceptor information
gracilis fasciculus
ascending tract that carries sensory information from mid thoracic and lower extremities to brain (spans entire spinal cord)
cuneate fasciculus
ascending tract that carries sensory information from upper extremities to brain
Ventral root
black
ventral ramus
blue
cauda equina
bundle of spinal cord as a result in the difference of spinal column and spinal cord growth (horse's tail)
nerves
collection of axons bundled together in the PNS
nuclei
collection of neural somas in the CNS
ganglia
collection of neural somas in the PNS
arachnoid
contains cerebrospinal fluid
lateral column
descending axons from cerebral cortex to spinal motor neurons
1x45 cm
diameter and length of the spinal cord
ventral horn
gray mater that project to muscle via ventral spinal nerve roots
dorsal root ganglion
green
arachnoid
layer of the spinal cord "spider web like" fibrous and elastic tissue
pia mater
layer of the spinal cord "tender mother" flattened sheet of cells
dura mater
layer of the spinal cord "tough mother" fibrous and some elastic tissue
ventral horn
motor neuron cell bodies in gray mater
intervetebral foramina
openings between each vertebrae
ventral spinal nerve
outgoing signals leave the spinal cord through this
dura mater
outmost covering of the spinal cord, thick and tough
gray matter
receives sensory inputs via dorsal root of spinal nerves
dorsal horn
receives sensory inputs via dorsal roots of spinal nerves in gray matter
dorsal root
red
cuneate fasciculus
red dot
medulla
the spinal cord is continuous with what
conus medullaris
the termination/tapering of the spinal cord
brachial plexus
upper limbs are innervated by this
