stress management ch. 1-4
rheumatoid factor
A blood protein associated with rheumatoid arthritis
Storgic love (storge)
A calm, companionate type of love conceiving of a long commitment
norephinephrine
A catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla
Manic love (mania)
A combination of passionate love (eros) and flirtatious playing love characterized by jealousy and irrational joy that usually does not result in a long commitment
antigen
A foreign substance irritating to the body
stroke/apoplexy
A lack of oxygen to the brain resulting from a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel; also called a stroke
T-Lymphocytes/T-cell
A part of the immune system that destroys mutant cells
erotic love (eros)
A passionate, all-enveloping type of love recognized by the heart racing and other signs of excitement
psychogenic
A physical disease caused by emotional stress without a microorganism involved
autoimmune response
A physiological response in which the body turns on itself
ludic love (ludus)
A playful, flirtatious type of love involving no long commitment
hydrochloric acid
A substance found in the digestive system that helps in the breakdown of food for digestion
B cells
A type of lymphocyte that produces antibodies
T cells
A type of lymphocyte whose purpose is to destroy substances foreign to the body by puncturing invaded body cells and killing the cells and foreign substances
phagocytes
A type of white blood cell whose purpose is to destroy substances foreign to the body
bulimia
An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging of food such as by inducing vomiting or ingesting a laxative
anorexia nervosa
An eating disorder in which a person takes in so few calories as to potentially starve him or herself
thyroid gland
An endocrine gland that secretes the hormone thyroxin
carcinogens
Cancer-causing agents
memory T and B cells
Cells left in the bloodstream and the lymphatic system to recognize and respond to future attacks to the body by the same invader
psychosomatic/psychophysiological
Conditions that have both a mind and body component
parasympathetic nervous system
Part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving energy
sympathetic nervous system
Part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for expending energy
hypothalamus
Part of the diencephalon that activates the automatic nervous system
small intestine
Part of the digestive system into which the esophagus
large intestine
Part of the digestive system that receives unusable food substances from the small intestine
hot reactors
People who react to stress with an all-out physiological reaction
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
Sometimes termed bad cholesterol, too much LDL leads to clogging of the arteries and therefore is related to the development of coronary heart disease
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Sometimes termed good cholesterol, HDL helps to remove cholesterol from the body thereby lowering the chances of developing coronary heart disease
saliva
Substance in the mouth that starts to break down food
antibodies
Substances produced by the body to fight antigens
gastrointestinal (GI) system
The body system responsible for digestion
stress
The combination of a stressor, stress reactivity, and strain
preattack/prodrome
The constriction phase of a migraine headache
galvanic skin response (GSR)
The electrodermal response or the electrical conductance of the skin
anal opening
The exit point for unusable food substances
esophagus
The food pipe
adrenal medulla
The inner portion of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamines
temporomandibular (TMJ) syndrome
The interference with the smooth functioning of the jaw
subcortex
The lower part of the brain responsible for various psychological processes necessary to stay alive
strain
The physical, psychological, and behavioral outcomes of stress activity
diastolic blood pressure
The pressure of the blood against the arterial walls when the heart is relaxed
systolic blood pressure
The pressure of the blood as it leaves the heart
cortisol
The primary glucocorticoid secreted from the adrenal cortex that is responsible for an increase in blood pressure
aldosterone
The primary mineralocorticoid secreted from the adrenal cortex that is responsible for an increase in blood pressure
gluconeogenesis
The production of glucose from amino acids by the liver
psychoneuroimmunology
The study of the illness-causing and healing effects of the mind and the body
myocardial infarction
When a part of the heart dies because of a lack of oxygen
epinephrine
a catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
a condition transfered through sexual contact and the sharing of intravenous needles that leads to the mixing of blood or semen, in which the immune system becomes progressively ineffective
oxytocin
a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland
vasopressin (ADH)
a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland
reticular activating system
a network of nerves that connects the mind and the body
somatogenic
a psychosomatic disease caused by emotional stress without a microorganism involved
autogenic training
a relaxation technique that involves a sensation of heaviness, warmth, and tingling in the limbs
progressive relaxation/ neuromuscular relaxation
a relaxation technique that involves contracting and relaxing muscle groups throughout the body
cerebral hemorrhage
a rupture of a blood vessel in the brain
relaxation response
a series of bodily changes that are the opposite of the stress reaction
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ATCH)
activates the adrenal cortex to secrete corticoid hormone
sphygmomanometer
an instrument used to measure blood pressure
distress
bad things to which one has to adapt and that can lead to stress reaction
supressor T cells
cells whose purpose is to halt the immune response
atherosclerosis
clogging of the coronary arteries
endocrine system
comprised of hormones that regulate physiological functions
autonomic nervous system
controls such body processes as hormone balance, temperature, and width of blood vessels
plaque
debris that clogs coronary arteries
jealousy
fear of losing ones property, such as a lover, friend, status, or power
eustress
good things to which one has to adapt and that can lead to stress reaction
thalamus
part of the deincephalon that relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex
cerebellum
part of the subcortex responsible for coordination
pons
part of the subcortex responsible for regulating sleep
deincephalon
part of the subcortex responsible for regulation of the emotions
medulla oblongata
part of the subcortex responsible for the regulation of the heartbeat and breathing
limbic system
produces emotions; the "seat of emotions"
glucocorticoids
regulate metabolism of glucose
mineralocorticoids
regulate the balance between sodium and potassium
corticotropin releasing factor (CRF)
released by hypothalamus and results in the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone
thyrotropic hormone releasing factor (TRF)
released by hypothalamus and stimulates the pituitary gland to secrete thyrotropic hormone
stressor
something with the potential to cause a stress reaction
thyrotropic hormone (TTH)
stimulates the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxin
fight-or-flight response
the body's stress reaction that includes an increase in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol
gray matter
the cerebral cortex
bracing
the contraction of muscles for no obvious purpose
allostatic load
the cumulative biological wear and tear that results from responses to stress that seek to maintain body equilibrium
adrenal cortex
the part of the adrenal gland that secretes corticoids
hippocampus
the part of the brain that "sounds the alarm" that stress is present
general adaptation syndrome
the three stages of stress reaction described by Hans Selye Phase 1: alarm reaction Phase 2: stage of resistance Phase 3: stage of exhaustion
cerebral cortex
the upper part of the brain responsible for thinking functions
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
the virus that causes AIDS
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI's)
Diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and genital warts that are transmitted through sexual activity
acquaintance rape
Forcible sexual intercourse between people who know each other
course overload
Having too many courses or courses too dificult to complete well during one semester
Hypercholesterolemia
High levels of cholesterol in the blood
essential hypertension
Hypertension with no known cause
arteriosclerosis
Loss of elasticity of the coronary arteries
skeletal muscles
Muscles attached to bones
smooth muscles
Muscles that control the contraction of internal organs