System Analysis Chapter 1

Agile Methods

-Develops System incrementally -Builds a series of prototypes adjusted to new user requirements -Heavy developer user interaction

Transaction Processing (TP)

-Mission critical system -Provides large amount of data -Helps avoid inconsistencies in data (e.i- customer order processing, account receivable)

System Development Tools

-Modeling -Prototyping -Computer-Aided System Engineering (CASE) tools

System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

-Plan -Analyze -Design -Implement -Support and Security

Waterfall Model

-Requirements -Design -Construction -Testing Maintenance -Evolution

Systems Planning

-Start system planning phase -Describes problem or desired changes

Major System Development Methods

-Structured Analysis -Object- oriented Analysis -Agile Methods (adaptive methods)

Agile Modeling Tools

-Tools that enhance communication -Brainstorming -Whiteboards -Business process modeling

5 key components of an Information system

1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4. People 5. Processes

System

A set of related components that produce specific results

Milestones

A specific identifiable point reached in the process for gauging how far along the process has come

Mission Critical System

A system vital to a company's operation

Knowledge Management

Allows users to enter information by entering keywords or questions in normal English phrases

Internet Business Model

B2C- Business to consumer B2B- Business to business

Systems Analysis

Build logical model of the system

Objects

Classes- Objects inherit properties from classes and may have own properties Methods- Change an object's properties Messages- Request specific behaviors or information from another object

System integration

Data is updated automatically among the different systems (e.i- HR, payroll, accounting systems)

User Productivity

E-mail, voicemail, video, web conferencing, word processing, automated calendars, database management, spreadsheets, desktop publishing, presentation graphics , company intranet, integrated mobile computing system, groupware

Prototyping

Early working version of an information system

Modeling

Graphical representation of a concept or process that can be analyzed tested and modified

Business Process Model (BPM)

Graphically display one or more business processes

CASE tools

Help develop and maintain system

Types of systems

Horizontal- System that can be adapted for many companies (i.e- Payroll systems) Vertical- Systems that is adapted to meet the requirements of a specific type of business or industry (i.e- Blackboard) Legacy system- A company's currently existing system or one that is being replaced

What is Information Technology

It is the combination of the hardware, software, and services that people use to manage communicate and share information

Other Development Methods

Joint Application Development (JAD)- Teams: users, managers, IT staff. Teams based fact finding only Rapid application Development (RAD)- Teams: Users, Managers, IT staff. Compressed version of entire development process.

Inference Rules

Logical rules that identify data patterns and relationships

Systems Support and Security

Maintain, correct errors, adapt to changes in environment (i.e- new tax rate)

Business Profiles

Mission, Functions, organization, products, services, customers, suppliers, competitors, constraints, future direction

System Design

Physical model that satisfies all documented requirements of the system

Object-Oriented Analysis Pros and Cons

Pros- Integrates easily with Object-Oriented languages. Reduces cost. Easy to maintain and expand Cons- maybe too complex for large systems. Maybe unfamiliar to development team

Structured Analysis Pro and Cons

Pros- Traditional method. Popular. Written documents Cons- Changes can be costly, especially in later phases. Requirements may be defined too early. Lacking prototypes to help users describe their needs.

Agile Methods

Pros- Very flexible. Efficient in dealing with change. Reduce risk, frequent deliverables, constantly validates project Cons- Team members needs, strong technical skill, strong communication skills. Risk factors, lack of structure, lack of documentation

Structured Analysis

Represents system in terms of data and processes

Object-Oriented Analysis

Set of software objects that represent: People, Things, Transactions, Events

Systems Implementation

System is constructed, programs written, tested, and constructed

Deliverables

The results of each phase