Teaching Flash Cards

Online Resources

ONLINE RESOURCES Society of Health and Physical Educators (SHAPE America) — http://www.shapeamerica.org American College of Sports Medicine — http://www.acsm.org Human Kinetics — http://www.HumanKinetics.com PE Central: The Web Site for Health and Physical Education — http://www.pecentral.org

48. Which of the following teaching practices is most likely to ensure that a physical education teacher receives legal protection against a lawsuit that might arise from a student who becomes injured in class? A. Using written lesson plans that feature curriculum activities appropriate for the age and skill level of the students B. Regularly attending in-service and staff development programs to learn about innovative physical activities and techniques C. Ensuring that the goals and objectives of the physical education program incorporate the educational mission and goals of the school D. Ensuring that general rules for student behavior and participation in physical activities are prominently posted

Option A is correct because by using written lesson plans that feature curriculum activities appropriate for the age and skill level of the students, the teacher has a documented reference of appropriate and safe practices that are being followed during class if a student becomes injured in class.

31. Which of the following most accurately represents the number of pounds a person would lose if 3,500 more calories were burned rather than taken in over a span of time? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5

Option A is correct because creating a 3,500-calorie deficit through diet and exercise will result in a weight loss of 1 pound over time.

27. An exaggerated curvature of the vertebral column involving an excessive bending of the thoracic area toward the anterior is called A. kyphosis. B. lordosis. C. scoliosis. D. spondylosis.

Option A is correct because exaggerated upper back curvature of the vertebral column, generally involving an excessive bending of the thoracic area, is known as kyphosis.

22. Which of the following best describes how regular exercise is beneficial to the brain? A. Increased levels of endorphins are released into the brain, boosting a person's mood. B. Decreased levels of proteins are released, hindering the ability of the person to develop new brain cells. C. Increased levels of lactic acid are produced, stimulating the person's energy level and allowing for sustained exercise. D. Decreased blood flow to the brain occurs both during and after the workout, allowing the person to worry less about weight gain.

Option A is correct because exercise produces endorphins in the brain resulting in an elevated mood and feelings of euphoria.

16. A physical education teacher is introducing students to the game of lacrosse. Which of the following adaptations is most likely to increase the success of students playing lacrosse for the first time? A. Expanding the size of the goal B. Playing without keeping score C. Creating large teams D. Using unlimited field space

Option A is correct because expanding the size of the goal allows for success for all students, including those who are new to this sport.

43. In the 1980s, among students who participated in high-visibility intercollegiate sports (e.g., Division I football, baseball, and basketball) which of the following was the postcollegiate experience of those who had received full athletic scholarships? A. Fewer than 5 percent of men and women went on to play their sport at a professional level. B. About 50 percent of men and women went on to play their sport at a professional level. C. About 75 percent of men and women had careers in sports management, ownership, or professional or college coaching. D. The majority of men but not of women went on to play their sport at a professional level.

Option A is correct because only a small percentage of intercollegiate athletes go on to play their sport at a professional level.

10. A first-grade teacher is having students march to the sound of a drumbeat. Which of the following instructions is most appropriate for teaching the movement concepts of spatial awareness and relationship awareness? A. Follow the person in front of you but keep a comfortable distance between you. B. Stomp your foot on the fourth beat of each measure, and turn to your right. C. March faster as the drumbeat gets faster but freeze when the drumbeat stops. D. Time your steps so your foot touches the ground at the same time as the drumbeat.

Option A is correct because the instruction to follow the person in front but keep a comfortable distance is focused on the movement concept of spatial awareness. Spatial awareness is the ability to see and understand objects in relation to each other and to oneself.

49. Which of the following statements is the most accurate interpretation of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 as it pertains to sports and physical education? A. Physical education teachers are required to modify lesson plans to accommodate students with disabilities. B. Males and females must have an equal opportunity to participate in sports and physical education in any school or entity receiving federal financial assistance. C. The government must provide equal sports and physical education funding to all of the school districts within a state. D. Coaches must allow eligible players who are passing all academic subjects to participate in school sports.

Option B is correct because Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 states that males and females must have an equal opportunity to participate in sports and physical education in any school or entity receiving federal financial assistance.

13. Several students in a physical education class are having difficulty reaching the basket with their shots, even while using a youth-sized ball. Which of the following options is most appropriate for the teacher to introduce to increase the students' success? A. Allowing students to use a balloon instead of a basketball B. Lowering the height of the basketball goal C. Raising the height of the basketball goal D. Allowing students to use a bouncy playground ball

Option B is correct because by lowering the height of the basketball goal, the teacher is decreasing the distance the students need to throw and increasing the likelihood that they will successfully make a basket.

9. In swimming, which of the following sequences is correct for the breaststroke? A. Pull, kick, inhale, glide B. Pull, inhale, kick, glide C. Glide, pull, inhale, kick D. Kick, glide, inhale, pull

Option B is correct because during the breaststroke, the arms pull out and back toward the body while the head and upper body lift for a breath and the knees bend to prepare for the kick. After the kick, the upper body and arms are in the glide position. Therefore, the sequence for the breaststroke is pull, inhale, kick, and glide.

1. Milestones of refined finger control can be expected at which of the following ages? A. 4 years old B. 8 years old C. 12 years old D. 16 years old

Option B is correct because finger control is generally quite refined at the 8-year-old milestone of fine-motor skill development.

20. Which of the following is an uncontrollable factor that can affect a person's health? A. Diet B. Heredity C. Smoking D. Stress

Option B is correct because heredity is inherited and uncontrollable, causing people to be predisposed to certain health-related advantages and disadvantages.

17. A community golf course is located next to the high school. A physical education teacher has a golf unit planned and makes arrangements with the course to use its practice facilities during class. Students will be able to practice putting, chipping and driving. Which of the following is most important for the teacher to do to ensure the lessons run smoothly during the unit? A. Tell students they must dress in appropriate golf attire B. Ensure that the course has an adequate inventory of practice equipment C. Require students to take golf lessons before the unit D. Have students study the different types of turf on the course

Option B is correct because in order for the teacher to effectively instruct students, enough practice equipment must be available for all students.

42. Outdoor education, such as rock climbing, hiking, and kayaking classes, promotes lifelong physical activity and builds self-esteem because these activities provide students with opportunities to do which of the following? A. Mentally block out problems and distractions by meditating B. Achieve goals and experience a sense of accomplishment C. Enjoy time in nature while competing against peers D. Attempt to break personal fitness records each time they participate

Option B is correct because outdoor education courses give students the opportunity to challenge themselves as well as develop self-esteem, self-confidence, and self-efficacy.

26. A few days ago, a distance runner increased his running mileage. Since then he has noticed that his muscles are much more sore than usual and his times have not improved. Which of the following is the athlete most likely experiencing? A. Overtraining B. Overreaching C. Hyperplasia D. Cross-training

Option B is correct because overreaching is a short-term increase in training volume that can eventually turn into overtraining.

6. Which of the following forms of movement most clearly demonstrates basic skill in nonlocomotor body management? A. Hopping up and down B. Standing on a balance beam C. Leaping with variation in distance D. Throwing an object various distances

Option B is correct because standing on a balance beam is a form of movement that demonstrates a student has the basic skill of nonlocomotor body management.

18. Which of the following skills should be learned first in the skill progression for a heel stop during a lesson on in-line skating? A. Shifting the weight to the left leg and rolling the right leg forward B. Aligning the body in the ready position with the arms out in front and bending slightly forward at the waist C. Tilting the right toe up to engage the heel brake and pressing down on the gymnasium floor D. Dragging one skate behind and perpendicular to the other

Option B is correct because students should be instructed to achieve proper balance for skating before beginning to stop.

33. According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, children and adolescents should engage in muscle- and bone-strengthening activities at least A. four days per week. B. three days per week. C. two days per week. D. one day per week.

Option B is correct because the United States Department of Health and Human Services recommends that children and adolescents should engage in muscle- and bone-strengthening physical activity at least three days of the week.

23. Which of the following best describes VO2 max? A. The system that provides most of the oxygen needed for long-duration or endurance exercises B. The maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can use during maximal or exhaustive exercise C. The method by which the body supplies energy for short, high-intensity bursts of activity lasting several minutes D. The way the circulatory and respiratory systems supply energy to the working muscles for sustained activity

Option B is correct because the definition of VO2 max is the maximum rate of oxygen consumption measured during incremental exercise.

30. Which of the following tests is used to determine muscular strength? A. Twelve-minute walk/run test B. One-repetition max test C. Sit-and-reach test D. Twenty-meter shuttle run test

Option B is correct because the one-repetition max test is a standard test for muscular strength.

25. To prepare his class for a unit on aerobic exercise, Mr. Peal taught his students the Karvonen formula to calculate their heart rate (HR) for a specific training intensity. One of the components of this calculation is the heart rate reserve (HRR). The HRR is used to determine the HR to be attained during exercise, which is calculated by doing which of the following? A. Adding the resting HR to the blood pressure reading B. Subtracting the resting HR from the maximal HR C. Dividing the maximal HR by the resting HR D. Multiplying the resting HR by the maximal HR

Option B is correct because this is the proper way to utilize the Karvonen formula in calculating the heart rate reserve by subtracting the resting HR from the maximal HR.

5. To best provide students with positive corrective feedback, a physical education teacher should do which of the following? A. Take visual observation notes on each student's performance B. Provide students with verbal cues as they practice skills C. Offer students written critiques after they demonstrate their ability D. Record students executing the skill using slow-motion video

Option B is correct because verbal cuing enhances attention and provides information that visual observation alone cannot provide.

37. In a certain kindergarten class, about half of the students use an immature form when jumping, and the remaining students use a mature form. Which of the following statements best explains the difference in ability? A. The students jumping with mature form may have started school a year early. B. The students jumping with mature form have developed at a faster rate. C. Females develop physical abilities at a much slower rate than males. D. Motor ability is directly related to parental involvement.

Option B is correct because while there are age-related guidelines as to when students achieve milestones of development, some mature at a faster rate than others.

21. Which of the following are the four components, or principles, of training and exercise? A. Health, skill, body composition, and flexibility B. Speed, power, balance, and coordination C. Frequency, intensity, time, and type of activity D. Agility, reaction time, endurance, and strength

Option C is correct because the four components of fitness and exercise are frequency, intensity, time, and type of activity

The physical education teacher develops an observational checklist of students' gross motor skills to use when presenting students' assessment data to their parents. Which of the following will best ensure the teacher uses the assessment data effectively? A. Having the students individually demonstrate their achievement level during the same activity B. Providing students several opportunities to perform the motor skills to specific learning expectations C. Offering immediate feedback to students, with detailed information regarding their abilities D. Allowing the students

Option B suggest that students should be given several opportunities to meet specific learning expectations in an effective assessment of their gross motor skills. Therefore, option B is the most effective way for a teacher to use assessment data.

44. Which of the following factors is most highly correlated with positive gains in motor learning and achievement in a physical education classroom setting? A. Provision of feedback that is mainly linked to results or outcomes rather than performance B. The amount of time students are physically active and having fun, regardless of the activity C. The amount of time students spend engaged successfully in activities related to lesson objectives D. Provision of feedback that is primarily nonverbal rather than verbal in nature

Option C is correct because active student learning time in which students are engaged in activities directly related to the lesson's objective is highly correlated with a positive gain in motor learning in a physical education setting.

12. Which of the following activities best represents a way in which a student can help to extend his or her shooting range in basketball to make a three-point shot? A. Facing the basket after catching a basketball at the three-point line and preparing to release the ball while aiming for the shooter's square B. Keeping the palms facing the basket and protecting the ball with two hands on the same side before using a finger roll while shooting C. Shooting five feet from the basket until an all-net shot is made, then moving back one step and repeating the process D. Aligning the feet comfortably on the free throw line with bent knees before releasing the ball with the shooting hand

Option C is correct because adjusting the distance from closer to farther as each distance is mastered helps to extend the shooting range and accuracy of the three-point shot in basketball.

7. Which of the following activities is considered an open skill? A. Bowling B. Putting a golf ball C. Batting in a softball game D. Shooting a basketball free throw

Option C is correct because batting in a softball game is performed in a constantly changing environment and so is considered an open skill.

40. According to current research in the field of physical education, which of the following best promotes student participation in lifelong physical activity? A. Learning how to play popular sports and games B. Playing for a team that wins games regularly C. Acquiring basic skills needed to participate in a variety of activities D. Becoming familiar with common gymnasium equipment

Option C is correct because current research indicates that when students acquire the basic skills needed to participate in a variety of activities, they will be more willing and confident in their ability to do so.

4. Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is typically associated with which of the following types of muscle contractions? A. Isometric B. Concentric C. Eccentric D. Co-contraction

Option C is correct because delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is generally associated with activities that cause muscles to lengthen while force is applied. This is eccentric muscle contraction.

28. Which of the following is the best activity to increase muscular endurance? A. Resistance training using high repetitions and light weight B. Resistance training using low repetitions and heavy weight C. Isotonic resistance training D. Plyometric resistance training

Option C is correct because during isotonic resistance training, the muscles shorten while lifting a constant load, increasing blood flow to muscles and muscular endurance.

36. Which of the following methods best demonstrates effective teaching behavior using nonverbal communication during physical education class? A. Pointing to the next station to direct students to a new activity B. Telling the class that they are spending too much time changing their clothes for gym C. Looking students in the eye while giving individual feedback on a skill they are performing D. Asking students to respond to feedback from their peers during an activity

Option C is correct because looking directly at the students provides them with a clear nonverbal cue to reinforce specific feedback about skill performance.

19. Students in a physical education class are about to begin a warm-up jog. Which of the following is the most appropriate advice for the teacher to give them regarding proper jogging technique? A. Moving hands and arms across the body's midline B. Limiting movement at the knees and ankles C. Maintaining an upright and stable body posture D. Lowering the chest and lunging forward

Option C is correct because of the choices listed, the most important in jogging would be to maintain an upright and stable body posture.

29. Which of the following abdominal-strength exercises benefits the rectus abdominis muscle while protecting the lower back? A. Keeping the knees straight while doing half sit-ups B. Keeping the knees straight while doing full sit-ups C. Bending the knees at a 90-degree angle while doing half sit-ups D. Bending the knees at a 90-degee angle while doing full sit-ups

Option C is correct because performing half sit-ups with the knees bent at a 90-degree angle is the optimal way to strengthen the abdominal muscles without placing stress on the lower back.

46. A high school administrator has decided to focus on incorporating physical education across all academic disciplines for the upcoming school year. Which of the following is the most appropriate strategy for executing the plan? A. Having physical education teachers give fifteen-minute presentations during planning periods about the benefits of physical activity and academic success B. Asking outstanding senior athletes to explain to teachers how being physically fit has helped them throughout their high school years C. Using planning periods as a time for teachers to co-plan units incorporating physical activity throughout the disciplines D. Showing a presentation during back-to-school night that encourages students and parents to become aware of the benefits of physical education

Option C is correct because representatives from each discipline can best work together during planning periods to integrate units across curriculums.

8. In the assessment of running form, which of the following should be the same for long-distance running and sprinting? A. The amount of arm swing B. The amount of upper-body lean C. The part of the foot used to push off D. The degree of foreleg extension

Option C is correct because the part of the foot used to push off when doing either a sprint or a long-distance run should be the ball of the foot.

14. When teaching a new skill for a particular sport, which of the following should the teacher do first? A. Provide drills to lead up to the skill B. Have students practice the skill C. Introduce the skill D. Provide feedback to correct errors

Option C is correct because when teaching a new skill to students for any sport, the teacher should always introduce the skill first to the students.

To best help students develop gross motor skills, which of the following suggestions should the physical education teacher make to parents? A. Allow time for their children to develop these abilities as they mature B. Create projects with their children, using a variety of materials C. Provide their children appropriate environments for active play D. Register their children to participate on an organized sports team

Option C suggests that a parent should encourage active play and provide their child with an appropriate environment to do so. Play is the most natural and effective way for children to develop these skills. Due to urbanization, having an appropriate environment to develop play has become a concern. Therefore, option C would be the best suggestion to help students develop gross motor skills.

47. A portion of Texas Senate Bill 530 mandates that all students in Texas take a fitness test. How often must each student take a fitness test? A. Once every six weeks B. Once every nine weeks C. Twice a semester D. Once a year

Option D is correct because according to Texas Senate Bill 530, students in grades 3-12 are required to undergo a yearly fitness test.

24. Which of the following best explains why age-predicted maximal heart rate is used to regulate the intensity of aerobic exercise? A. Perceived exertion and exercise duration are inversely correlated. B. Exercise intensity and exercise duration are inversely correlated. C. Exercise velocity and exercise intensity are directly correlated. D. Heart rate and oxygen consumption are closely related.

Option D is correct because as the body moves from rest to exercise, the heart rate begins to increase steadily. This allows for faster oxygen delivery to the working tissues and muscles, which allows for an increase in oxygen consumption. The age-predicted maximal heart rate method is simple and objective in that it uses age alone to predict maximal heart rate during activity.

41. Which of the following is the best plan for a student who wants to begin a personal fitness program? A. Joining a gym that offers only group activities and exercises B. Focusing specifically on one type of activity or exercise C. Allotting time for extended sessions of high-intensity exercise D. Choosing a variety of activities in which to participate

Option D is correct because before beginning any personal fitness program a student should decide which activities he or she enjoys. In setting goals and developing a personal fitness plan, a student should consider different activities but should choose an activity that he or she enjoys enough to do on a regular basis.

38. A student is most likely to be self-motivated and engage in physical activities long term when the student A. participates in physical activities several times a week at school. B. understands the effects of physical activity versus the effects of nonactivity. C. knows the rules and understands a wide variety of team sports. D. possesses the knowledge, skills, and attitude to lead a healthy lifestyle.

Option D is correct because by educating students with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to lead a healthy lifestyle, students will be more self-motivated to do so for a lifetime.

3. Which of the following terms best explains why a young student has greater control of his or her upper torso than of his or her legs and feet? A. Component stages B. Proximodistal development C. Developmental biodynamics D. Cephalocaudal development

Option D is correct because cephalocaudal development describes physical development that starts from the head and then progresses to the lower parts of the body, such as the legs and feet.

45. In addition to teaching students movement skills, physical education programs should incorporate cooperative group activities that provide students with natural and valuable opportunities. The physical education teacher can best achieve this through which of the following strategies? A. Ensuring students understand the superior benefits of competing against oneself rather than against others B. Developing students' familiarity with and use of effective organizational and leadership traits and styles C. Ensuring students understand the structure and dynamics of groups and how to best work within that setting D. Developing in students a variety of positive social skills, attitudes, and behaviors

Option D is correct because developing a variety of positive social skills, attitudes, and behaviors in a physical education setting best embodies cooperative learning among students.

2. The relationship between personal-social skills and physical education is most accurately described by which of the following statements? A. Personal-social skills should be addressed in the physical education class through direct instruction. B. The physical education class reinforces the personal-social skills learned at home. C. In the physical education class, personal-social skills are typically addressed after fitness and motor skills are developed. D. Personal-social skills typically develop concurrently with fitness and motor skills, given a physical education class with the proper environment.

Option D is correct because physical education directly contributes to fitness, motor skill development, and personal-social development when instruction is given in a safe and supportive environment.

11. Which of the following biomechanical principles must be applied prior to a leap to achieve the greatest height possible? A. Using rotational inertia with a leg extension B. Maintaining a steady center of gravity C. Establishing balance and pointing the feet D. Creating speed and applying force from the legs

Option D is correct because the height of a leap is affected by the force and speed. The more force that is placed on the legs, the more power is generated for the leap.

15. Which of the following refers to the soccer ball size that is most appropriate for students 13 years or older? A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

Option D is correct because the largest size soccer ball is an adult ball that is considered a size 5.

50. An elementary school has created a policy that prohibits students from using physical education or playground equipment unless a teacher is present. The primary reason for the policy is to reduce the risk of A. practice-restriction violations. B. curriculum deviations. C. equipment damage. D. student injury.

Option D is correct because the school wants to limit liability of injury because of misuse of the equipment.

34. Which of the following groups of athletes has the greatest risk of developing early osteoporosis because of insufficient calcium intake? A. Female basketball players B. Male track-and-field sprinters C. Male swimming sprinters D. Female gymnasts

Option D is correct because, in addition to gymnastics being a weight-centric sport, females are predisposed toward osteoporosis, thus putting female gymnasts at high risk for early onset of the condition.

Which of the following recommendations can the teacher make to parents to best promote a positive attitude toward physical fitness at home? A. Encourage children to complete physical education homework independently B. Persuade children to practice physical skills beyond their current abilities C. Provide motivation by encouraging competition among family members D. Plan physical activities that are appropriate for the whole family

Option D suggests that a teacher should recommend that parents plan physical activities that are appropriate and enjoyable for the whole family. Positive parent role models and attitudes lead to positive student attitudes towards participation in physical activity. Therefore, option D would be the most appropriate recommendation to promote positive attitudes towards physical fitness at home.

39. In a problem-solving classroom culture, which TWO of the following are the primary responsibilities of the physical education teacher? A. To foster and promote decision making among learners B. To maintain an overall emphasis on inquiry C. To serve as the ultimate decision maker D. To ensure that students follow classroom rules

Options A and B are correct because a classroom culture that supports problem solving fosters and promotes decision making among learners and maintains an emphasis on student inquiry.

32. The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids is known to deepen the voice and increase the growth of body hair, muscle size, and aggression. Which TWO of the following are the main reasons for the changes? A. The substances are nearly identical to male sex hormones B. The substances function in the human body as testosterone C. The substances are nearly identical to carbohydrates D. The substances speed up cell metabolism

Options A and B are correct because anabolic-androgenic steroids are the synthetic variants of the male sex hormone testosterone and function in the human body to increase male sexual characteristics such as a deepened voice and increased growth of body hair, muscle size, and aggression.

35. When preparing lesson plan objectives, the physical education teacher should refer to which THREE of the following? A. National standards B. Local curriculums C. State standards D. United States Bill of Rights

Options A, B, and C are correct because when a physical education teacher is writing lesson plan objectives, he or she should refer to the national standards, state standards, and local curriculums.