Test #1 I(module 1 Chapter 3)

Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual and is based upon external factors? a) The Health-Illness Continuum b) The Health Belief Model c) The Agent-Host-Environment Model d) The High-Level Wellness Model

The Agent-Host-Environment Model Explanation: The Agent-Host Environment Model is useful for examining the cause of disease in an individual. The agent, host, and environment interact in ways that create risk factors. The Health-Illness Continuum is a way to measure a person's level of health. The High-Level Wellness Model is characterized by functioning to one's maximum potential while maintaining balance and purposeful direction in the environment. The Health Belief Model is used to describe health behaviors

A community health nurse arranges for a dental checkup camp for the local children in the school district. Which of the following would most likely be the nurse's goal for this health camp? a) Health promotion b) Illness prevention c) Reversal of self-care deficit d) High-level wellness

Health promotion Explanation: The education on lifestyle choices are a part of health promotion activity, which focus on protecting the person's health or preventing the loss of health. The goal of the prevention of illness is to detect and prevent the illness. High-level wellness focuses on maximizing the person's highest potential for functioning. Reversal of self-care deficits would involve therapeutic interventions that are directed at contributing factors.

What is defined as the recognition of health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning? a) Health belief model b) High-level wellness c) Illness d) Agent-host-environment

High-level wellness Explanation: High-level wellness is defined as recognizing health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning.

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease? a) It is a sequela of acute illness. b) It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time. c) It takes a long time to cure. d) It persists for a long time.

It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time. Explanation: Chronic illness has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time. It is usually seen in old age. It may or may not be due to acute illness. Chronic diseases are a major cause of morbidity in the population

Your community outreach class is giving a presentation on seat belts and child safety seats at the local firehouse every weekend in October. What level(s) of health promotion is this an example of? a) All three levels b) Secondary c) Primary d) Tertiary

Primary Explanation: Primary health promotion and illness prevention is directed toward promoting health and preventing the development of disease process or injury. Primary level activities include immunization clinics, providing poison-control information, and teaching about using seat belts and child-safety seats.

To be an effective change agent for wellness, the nurse must a) Drink caffeinated beverages b) Lead a sedentary lifestyle c) Skip breakfast to reduce calories d) Consume a diet low in fat

Consume a diet low in fat Explanation: Nurses focused on wellness advocate the use of lifestyle modification skills that alleviate stress and promote a state less susceptible to disease.

The nurse practitioner is discussing health promotion with a group of senior nursing students. What would be the best example of secondary health promotion? a) Workplace health and safety seminar b) Weight loss program c) Family counseling d) Immunizations

Family counseling Explanation: Secondary health promotion and illness prevention focuses on screening for early detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of those found; this includes emotional issues, making family counseling the correct answer. Work place health and safety would be considered a primary health promotion activity, as would a weight loss clinic and an immunization clinic

Which of the following is an example of tertiary health promotion? a) Water treatment b) Pap tests c) Rehabilitation d) Family counseling

Rehabilitation Explanation: Tertiary health promotion and disease prevention begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated to reduce disability and to help rehabilitate patients to a maximum level of functioning. So, rehabilitation is an example of tertiary health promotion. Family counseling and Pap tests are examples of secondary health promotion while water treatment is an example of primary health promotion

A client experiencing symptoms of cold is referred to the specialist for diagnosis and consultation. Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of the health care system? a) Tertiary care b) Extended care c) Secondary care d) Primary care

Secondary Care Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in the secondary level of health care. The first contact with a general physician is the primary care, and the reference to a highly specialized facility for desensitization is the tertiary care level. The secondary and tertiary care facilities are equipped to provide highly specialized care. Extended care is care provided to clients who no longer require acute hospital care

A nurse assists the client in the development of a healthy lifestyle. The adoption of these lifestyle changes in the client's life is considered a) Self-care b) Adaptation c) Health management d) Self-esteem

Self-care Explanation: Self-responsibility is paramount in Dorothea Orem's nursing theory, which focuses on self-care so that the person can maintain life, health, and well-being

The definition of chronic conditions can be complex. What factors would you expect to be included in the definition of chronic conditions? (Mark all that apply.) a) Diseases where complete cures are rare. b) Diseases that resolve spontaneously. c) Diseases that do not resolve spontaneously. d) Diseases that have a prolonged course. e) Diseases that have a short course.

• Diseases where complete cures are rare. • Diseases that do not resolve spontaneously. • Diseases that have a prolonged course. Explanation: Chronic conditions can also be defined as illnesses or diseases that have a prolonged course, that do not resolve spontaneously, and for which complete cures are unlikely or rare. Therefore options A and C are incorrect

When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from what kind of activities? a) Those that accomplish financial stability. b) Those that help them maintain independence. c) Those that preserve their social interactions. d) Those that help them eat well

Those that help them maintain independence. Explanation: Although their chronic illnesses and disabilities cannot be eliminated, adults can benefit most from activities that help them maintain independence and achieve an optimal level of health. The other answers, while beneficial, are not the most beneficial.

What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for? a) To help healthcare providers understand health-related behaviors. b) To define a medical framework for the care of the disabled. c) To create a forum for improving rehabilitative care. d) To formulate care plans for the disabled population.

To help healthcare providers understand health-related behaviors. Explanation: Several models of health promotion and illness prevention have been used to help healthcare providers understand health-related behaviors and adapt care to people from diverse economic and cultural backgrounds. The models include the health belief model, the health promotion model, the health-illness continuum model, and the agent-host-environment model. These models do not define a medical framework in the care of the disabled; these models do not create a forum for improving rehabilitative care; and these models do not formulate care plans for use with the disabled.

Which of the following activities related to respiratory health is an example of tertiary health promotion and illness prevention? a) Administering a nebulized bronchodilator to a patient who is short of breath b) Teaching a patient that "light" cigarettes do not prevent lung disease c) Advocating politically for more explicit warning labels on cigarette packages d) Assisting with lung function testing of a patient to help determine a diagnosis

Administering a nebulized bronchodilator to a patient who is short of breath Explanation: The use of medications is characteristic of tertiary health promotion and illness prevention. Testing and screening are examples of secondary health promotion and illness prevention, while patient education and political advocacy are associated with primary prevention

A homeless patient has been brought to the emergency department (ED) by ambulance after being found unresponsive outside a mall. The patient is known to the ED staff as having bipolar disorder, and assessment reveals likely cellulitis on his left ankle. He is febrile with a productive cough, and the care team suspects pneumonia. A sputum culture for tuberculosis has been obtained and sent to the laboratory. Which of the following aspects of the patient's medical condition would be considered a chronic condition? a) Cellulitis b) Tuberculosis c) Pneumonia d) Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder Explanation: Bipolar disorder is a longstanding diagnosis that requires the lifelong education and treatment associated with chronic conditions. Pneumonia, tuberculosis, and cellulitis are all acute, infectious diseases that may be treated with antibiotic regimens of varying length

Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factor for illness? a) Physiologic risk factor b) Environmental risk factor c) Lifestyle risk factor d) Health habits risk factor

Environmental risk factor Explanation: Working and living environments may contribute to disease. Working with cancer-causing chemicals is an example of an environmental risk factor for illness

A client has had a total knee replacement and is receiving care that includes learning to walk with a walker. What level of prevention is most applicable to this client? a) Residual prevention b) Secondary prevention c) Tertiary prevention d) Primary prevention

Tertiary prevention Explanation: Tertiary prevention and healthcare deals with rehabilitation of the client. Teaching the client to walk with a walker is tertiary prevention.

What is a dynamic balance among the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects of a person's life? a) Holism b) Promotion c) Health d) Wellness

Wellness Explanation: Wellness is a dynamic balance among the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects of a person's life.

Health promotion ranks high on the list of health related concerns of the American public. Based upon current knowledge, what factor is the most significant in health, longevity and weight control?

Good nutrition Explanation: It has been suggested that good nutrition is the single most significant factor in determining health status, longevity, and weight control. A balanced diet that uses few artificial ingredients and is low in fat, caffeine, and sodium constitutes a healthy diet. Stress reduction and screening for health risks are correct answers, just not the most significant factors. Vitamin use is not necessary when you eat a healthy diet unless you are a woman of child-bearing age or are over the age of 50 years

A nurse is providing an educational event to a local group of disabled citizens. What would be important for the nurse to be aware of when planning this event? a) What the families want you to talk about. b) Wellness needs of each individual person. c) What the disability of each person is. d) The health promotion needs of the group the nurse is speaking to.

The health promotion needs of the group the nurse is speaking to. Explanation: The nurse must be aware of the health promotion needs when teaching specific groups of people. The other options are incorrect because the nurse doesn't need to aware of them when planning the event