test one quizzes

the adolescent growth spurt.

The hormonally induced increase in the rate of growth in height and weight is referred to as:

All of these are correct.

The impact of early maturation on problem behaviors or depression is worse when adolescents:

chronic disabilities, such as cancer.

The most virulent threats to adolescent health come from all of the following, except:

leads to a majority of adolescent girls dieting unnecessarily.

The rapid increase in body fat that adolescent girls experience:

the increased importance of formal education in making a successful transition into adult roles

What might explain why adolescence has been elongated?

multidimensional thinking

What thought process helps adolescents appreciate the sarcasm and satire of Family Guy and The Simpsons?

limbic system

Which of the following brain systems is responsible for processing emotions, social information, and rewards?

All of these are correct.

Which of the following can delay the onset of puberty?

improvements in attention

Which of the following changes explains why adolescents, compared to children, may be better able to concentrate and stay focused on reading tasks?

fewer problem behaviors

Which of the following characteristics is not associated with being an early-maturing boy?

being less popular, especially with boys

Which of the following characteristics is not typically associated with being an early-maturing girl?

peer pressure

Which of the following factors have not been found to influence the onset of maturation?

Loryn, who has a negative attitude toward menarche

Which of the following girls will experience the greatest menstrual discomfort?

They are less likely to experience feelings of hopelessness.

Which of the following is not true for adolescents who have been exposed to violence?

Adolescent obesity is limited to the United States.

Which of the following statements about obesity is not true?

Puberty appears to increase distance between parents and children.

Which of the following statements about puberty's impact on family relationships is true?

The body begins to produce several hormones that have not been present in the body up until this time.

Which of the following statements about the production of hormones at puberty is false?

less time in school

Which of the following was not a result of industrialization?

Sherri, a volleyball player who binges on junk food but does not engage in any other weight loss behaviors

Who most closely resembles the profile of someone who has binge eating disorder?

All of these factors are likely to disrupt the transition into adulthood.

Who of the following is likely to have limited economic and occupational success, which will affect the transition into adulthood?

Charlie, a Hispanic American

Who will have the most difficulty negotiating the transition into adolescence?

All of these are correct

Why are adolescents better than children at abstract, multidimensional, and hypothetical thinking?

myelination.

One aspect of brain maturation that is associated with increases in the speed of neural impulses and improvements in information transmission is:

contraceptives; cigarettes or vulgar magazines

One discrepancy in the way that society treats adolescents is that courts have ruled that teenagers have the right to obtain ________; however, the courts have also upheld laws forbidding adolescence to obtain _____.

body mass index.

A measure of an individual's body fat, ratio of weight to height, used to gauge overweight and obesity is called

engage in a greater amount of risky behaviors in the real world.

Compared to children and adults, adolescents:

young people needed to be kept away from the labor force for their own good.

During the industrial revolution, child protectionists argued that:

their lessons are within their zone of proximal development. a more experienced instructor is present. the instructor engages in scaffolding. All of these are correct.

According to Vygotsky, adolescents learn best when:

classroom-based education programs designed to teach adolescents about the dangers of various activities, make better decisions, and resist peer pressure to engage in risky activity.

According to the textbook, all of the following are potentially successful ways to reduce adolescent risk taking except:

increases in intellectual functioning.

According to the textbook, puberty involves all of the following except

social cognition.

Adolescents develop the ability to think about social issues, a concept more generally referred to as:

juvenile; criminal

Adolescents who are convicted of crimes become part of the _________ justice system, whereas adults convicted of the same crimes are part of the ________ justice system.

greater awareness of concrete, observable events.

All of the following are features of hypothetical thinking, except:

The legal boundary between childhood and adulthood is very clear and consistent.

All of the following are true regarding the legal boundary between childhood and adulthood except which one?

greater in boys than girls.

Although both sexes experience changes in muscle tissue and body fat, the ratio of muscle to body fat is:

decreased risk-taking

Changes in the limbic system during adolescence may cause all of the following, except:

lengthened; prolonged

Compared to 100 years ago, the adolescent period has been _____ and the transition into adulthood _____.

a personal fable.

Dave knows that kids who drink and drive sometimes get killed, but he believes that he is somehow immune to having such a terrible thing happen to him. Dave's belief is an example of:

information-processing perspective

Dr. Brown argues that adolescents can solve problems better than younger children because they can store more information in memory and because they have more effective strategies. Dr. Brown's view is most consistent with which of the following perspectives?

discontinuous transition.

Dr. Goodrich believes that the passage into adulthood is a sudden change in which adult roles and statuses are abruptly assumed. This view is most closely associated with the:

Piagetian perspective.

Dr. Martino argues that development proceeds in stages and that each stage is marked by fairly consistent behavior. Then, as the child's biological development progresses and new experiences are acquired, a shift occurs and development breaks through to the next level. Dr. Martino's view is most consistent with that expressed by the:

Social problems are contagious and can spread from one adolescent to another. Poverty in neighborhoods breeds social isolation. Adolescents growing up in poverty are more likely to be exposed to violence. All of these are true.

How does poverty adversely affect the behavior and development of adolescents?

contemporary

In Marley's society, adolescents are expected to attain adult roles at a certain age; however, they are provided with little training for such responsibilities. Additionally, adolescents tend to be segregated from the workforce and receive little training in school for the types of jobs they will hold as adults. What type of society does Marley most likely belong to?

No, Americanization appears to be associated with worse, not better, outcomes.

In general, according to the textbook, is "Americanization" a positive and desirable experience for immigrant adolescents?

menarche.

Initiation ceremonies for young women in traditional societies most often coincide with:

abstractly.

Javier spends a great deal of time talking about relationships, politics, philosophy, religion, and morality with his friends, demonstrating his ability to think:

anorexia nervosa

Karen has been known to exercise excessively, count calories, and diet obsessively. She is currently depriving herself of food even though she is 20 pounds underweight. Karen is probably suffering from:

scaffolding.

Mary is having trouble understanding how to do a math problem. Her teacher asks her just the right question and Mary understands the problem. Vygotsky would refer to the structuring process used by the teacher to guide Mary's thinking as:

Grey matter decreases while white matter increases.

One type of structural change in the brain has to do with changes in the levels of grey and white matter in the brain. Which of the following statements is true?

secular trend.

Over the past century, the onset of puberty has been coming at an earlier age. This has been referred to as the:

the subjective feeling of emotional immaturity

Psychologist Jeffery Arnett has suggested that 18- to 25-year-olds are caught between adolescence and adulthood in "emerging adulthood," which is characterized by all but which of the following?

formal operations

Rose solves a chemistry problem by systematically testing several hypotheses. According to Piaget, which stage is Rose functioning at?

The timing of puberty, as well as the rate with which it occurs, is highly variable and is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.

Sarah is a junior high student anticipating and preparing for puberty. She wants to know when puberty will start and how long it will take until she looks and is considered an adult. What would you tell her?

continuous

Since Mark was 5 years old, he has been helping his father maintain the family farm. Now, 30 years later, Mark owns the farm and is teaching his own son how to manage it. Based on your knowledge about the continuity of adolescence, how would you describe Mark's transition?

activities.

Studies show that adolescent mood swings are most closely related to changes in:

become involved in illegal activities.

Suzanne and Greg are the first members of their class to begin the pubertal transition. Based on what you know about early-maturing adolescents, Suzanne and Greg are more likely to:

has negative effects on adolescent behavior, achievement, and mental health, and these effects are above and beyond those effects attributable to growing up in a poor family.

Taken together, research studies have determined that growing up in a poor neighborhood:

deductive

Tam is good at drawing conclusions from given information. Thus, Tam is good at _________ reasoning.

an imaginary audience

Teenagers may become self-conscious because they believe that people are talking about them. Which characteristic are they exhibiting?

working memory.

The ability to remember something for a brief period of time is identified as

menarche

The average girl in the United States reaches _________, the time of her first menstrual period, sometime between the ages of 12 and 15.

social redefinition.

The universal process through which an individual's position or status is changed by society is called:

bulimia.

Theresa has been known to go on eating binges and then purge immediately afterward. Theresa is probably suffering from:

puberty; school

Today, people go through ______ earlier than 100 years ago, but tend to stay in ______ longer.

cohorts.

Typically, the social redefinition of young people occurs in groups of peers who are approximately the same age, known as: