The Hindenburg Reading Passage, ***TEAS READING, ***TEAS SCIENCE, Teas Review, Reading teas version 6, The Titanic Reading Passage, Bumblebees Reading passage, Teas Test Reading, TEAS 6th Edition (Reading), Travel Reading Passage Vocabulary, Teas Exa...
Exclamation point
(!) Sentence Express extreme emotion
Colon
(:) used when a longer phase is necessary or to emphasize a word in a sentence.
Anecdote
- a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person
expository passage
- aim to inform and enlighten readers; the goal is to teach
glossary
- an alphabetical list of important words and their definitions; at the end of a book
counter arguments
- arguments made in response to original arguments, usually presenting an opposing viewpoint
table of contents
- at beginning; lists different subjects/chapters titles with page numbers
index
- at the end of nonfiction book - contains information about specific topics - listed alphabetically, and gives page numbers where specific information can be found in the book
bold text and underlining
- bold texts indicates importance or key words in textbooks - underlining serves a similar purpose, often used to suggest emphasis; also used on titles of books, magazines, and works of art
cause and effect
- cause is and act or event that makes something happen - effect is the thing that happens as a result of the cause - consequently, therefore, this lead(s)
pie chart
- chart that shows the relationship of a part to a whole
simile
- compares two things using "like" or "as" - the sun was like an orange; eager as a beaver
denotative meaning
- literal meaning of a word
Gallbladder
...
Persuasive/argumentative strong opinion words and phrases
1. In the first place, it is my belief 2. Without a doubt, all that to the side 3. Undoubtedly, from my point of view 4. Unquestionably, I question whether
Informational
1. Include section heading, that might appear in bold or underline type 2. Include bullets or numbered lists, short phrases that might not be complete sentences, images with captions, maps and diagrams.
Problem solution (persuasive type)
1. Introduction of the problem being addressed 2. A description of the problem 3. A plausible solution to the problem 4. Closing that challenges the reader to take action
Bias
1. Tendency toward preconceived idea 2. Preferential viewpoint that often does not allow for impartial or objective discussion 3. Writer uses emotional charged word choice and figurative language 4. Writer purposely omits facts due to a usual lack of validation
Cause and effect
1. The CAUSE is why something happens 2. The EFFECT is what happened
Compare/contrast
1. To COMPARE is to find similarities 2. To contrast is To identify differences
How many gates lead into the park?
18
Library media specialist
A Library employee who helps patrons find media sources
Reason
A basic or fact to support an idea
Reason
A basis of fact to support an idea
Reason
A basis or fact to support an idea
Argumentative
A contentious tone
Genre
A group of related writings or other media
Genre
A group of related writings or other media, music, books, poems. Examples of a GENRE of writing include: Fiction, Non-fiction, science-fiction, prose
stereotype
A generalized belief about a group of people, race, religion, etc. Common Stereotypes Racial Profiling One of the more common stereotype examples is stereotypes surrounding race. For example, saying that all Blacks are good at sports is a stereotype, because it's grouping the race together to indicate that everyone of that race is a good athlete. Gender Profiling There are also some common stereotypes of men and women, such as: Men are strong and do all the work. Men are the "backbone." Women aren't as smart as a man. Women can't do as good of a job as a man. Girls are not good at sports. Guys are messy and unclean. Men who spend too much time on the computer or read are geeks. Cultures Stereotypes also exist about cultures an countries as a whole. Stereotype examples of this sort include the premises that: All white Americans are obese, lazy, and dim-witted. Homer Simpson of the TV series The Simpsons is the personification of this stereotype. Mexican stereotypes suggest that all Mexicans are lazy and came into America illegally. All Arabs and Muslims are terrorists. All people who live in England have bad teeth. Italian or French people are the best lovers. All Blacks outside of the United States are poor. All Jews are greedy. All Asians are good at math. All Asians like to eat rice and drive slow. All Irish people are drunks and eat potatoes. All Americans are generally considered to be friendly, generous, and tolerant, but also arrogant, impatient, and domineering. Groups of Individuals A different type of stereotype also involves grouping of individuals. Skaters, Goths, Gangsters, and Preps are a few examples. Most of this stereotyping is taking place in schools. For example: Goths wear black clothes, black makeup, are depressed and hated by society. Punks wear mohawks, spikes, chains, are a menace to society and are always getting in trouble. All politicians are philanders and think only of personal gain and benefit. Girls are only concerned about physical appearance. All blonds are unintelligent. All librarians are women who are old, wear glasses, tie a high bun, and have a perpetual frown on their face. All teenagers are rebels. All children don't enjoy healthy food. Only anorexic women can become models. The elderly have health issues and behave like children.
Opinion
A personal statement or feeling that cannot be proven
opinion
A personal view, attitude, or appraisal.
Editorial
A persuasive piece of writing where the writer has an opinion about the subject.
Glossary
A place in the back of the book that gives the definitions or tell the meaning of certain words in the book.
Classified
A print advertisement selling or soliciting something
Anthology
A published collection of related works
Query
A question
Prediction
A reader's guess of events to come
appendix
A section or table at the end of a book
Declarative sentence
A sentence that states a fact or idea
Argument
A set of reasons to make a case for an idea
Appropriate source
A source that can be trusted
Comprehension
Ability to understand
flammable
Able to catch fire easily
Time and sequential words and phrases of narrative writing
Abruptly, from this point, on the next occasion, after a few days, this instant, not long ago, gradually, until now, previously, instantly, sporadically, recently
Identify key points
After finding the topic ask What am i reading about? And What is important to know about it? The author provides key points
Expository Writing
Aims to inform and explain Nonfiction Teaches you about something Organizing words - First, next, for example Talks about something very specific Often research-oriented Exposes a topic or subject Sequential writing An informational text about a King or Queen that includes dates in chronological order. Example: Research papers An essay about the nursing field "How to" or process essays Descriptive essays Cause and effect essays Descriptive writing - shows how to understand and know the topic. problem/Solution Writing - State the problem and the ways how to solve this problem. Cause/Effect Writing - Demonstrates relationship between 2 or more events. Compare/Contrast Writing - Demonstrate how some things differ from each other or how they are alike. Directions, scientific articles and other texts that follow the cause-effect structure. Recipes, biographies, history texts that follow some definite chronology. Speeches (mostly political) and other types of texts that are based on the pros versus cons structure. Some newspaper articles that provide detailed descriptions of events. Medical and scientific texts that follow the problem-solution structure. Speeches for debates and other events that are based on the position-reason structure. In general, expository essays can be characterized by lack of descriptive elements and simple structure. They must be based on facts and require extensive research of the subject. IMPORTANT: A recipe is considered expository when it explains the right way to cook something and gives detailed steps on how to cook something.
autobiography
An account of a person's life written by that person
Forum
An online message board
B *The purpose is to inform, so B shows how they can enforce the rules stated in the memo
Answer 48
Reason
Answers why to a claim. It gives the reader more clarification as to why the reader should agree or understand the claim
Reason
Answers why to any claim
Why was Central Park important to people in NYC?
Anyone coiuld go there
Persuasive Writing
Appeals to the emotions Contains bias Makes an argument to change the mind of the reader Has a strong thesis sentence that can be argued Anything that attempts to make you, the reader, believe or feel a certain way about some topic.
Narrative
Appear in stories or poetry
Infer
Applying logic (experience) to facts and evidence coupled with recognizing the context clues provided
Cultural mores
Are informal moral or ethical standards
Chronological
Arranged in order by time, typically dates or literal time. Events happen in order of the time. King Henry passage is chronological. Expository passages are usually chronological
Rephrase key points
Ask how do these points illustrate the topic sentence?
Conclusion
Ask the reader to analyze and make a decision based on predictions, details, evidence, and results
1.3 prep
Ask whats the topic Whats the authors main idea about the topic Then examine the supporting detail provided bu the author and how they relate to the main idea * be aware of the placement of the topic semsentence and practice identifying the points an author makes Topic answers the question who or what is this about? Appear near in the beginning kf the paragraph and it include the main idea Supporting detail develop thru explanation, elaboration or clarification
Gas
Assumes volume and shape of its container
Summary Sentence
At the end of passage. Sums up the passage often by restating the main idea and the author's key evidence supporting it.
Hydrogen bonding
Atom of a molecule interacts with a hydrogen atom in the same area
Covalent bonding
Atoms that share electrons
answer:
B) a folk tale
answer:
B) a history textbook
answer:
B) an automated clothing machine that fits in the back of a truck and can produce complete outfits in minutes from designs created on its computer, greatly reducing the time needed to create custom tailored outfits for consumers
answer:
B) given paines contributions to america, he deserves recognition as one of our most important founding fathers
Classified advertisements
Blogs, forums, online newspaper, magazines
Connective Tissue
Bone, cartilage, adipose, and blood
Roots
Building blocks of all words. Every word contains a root.
What is "The Dakota"?
Built in 1884, expensive apartment builing, John Lennon was killed there
Figurative
By a figure of speech, usually a metaphor
Figurative
By a figure of speech, usually metaphor
Both print and nonprint sources expresses themes
By repetition and prominence
answer:
C) expository expository meaning the intent to explain or describe something
answer:
C) formal education is better than informal education
answer:
C) paragraph 3
6. Notice where and when the writer states an opinion.
CIRCLE IT!
Narrative Writing
Can be fiction or non-fiction Tells a story Must have a plot Has Characters Figurative language is included uses metaphors very descriptive Is often used to entertain Are usually poetry, anecdotes, short stories, and use chronological order.
Positive/Negative Clues
Can tell you whether a word has a positive or negative meaning
What is a forebrain consist of?
Cerebrum Thalamus and Hypothalamus
Mitosis: Metaphase
Chromosomes align at the metaphase
Meiosis: Metaphase II
Chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate
Pie chart
Circle divided into sectors that each represent a portion of the whole
Simile
Comparison between unlike things using like or as
Childlike
Connotation- immature
Youthful
Connotation- lively, energetic
Card catalog
Contain the title of the work, name of the author, year of publication, publisher, number of pages and reference number in the Library of Congress
Situational Context
Context that is presented by the setting or circumstances in which a word or phrase occurs.
Photosynthesis
Conversion of sunlight into energy in plant cells, occur in some bacteria and protists
Edit
Correct errors in a piece of writing
False dichotomy
Create an artificial sense that there are only two possible alternative in a situation, limiting the reader's opinion and Imagination
Meiosis: Telophase I
Cytokinesis has occurred and now 2 haploid daughter cells
answer:
D) a playwright is inspired to write beautiful plays about the destitution and difficulties of his childhood, and becomes widely acclaimed as the greatest writer of his genereation
answer:
D) one block east, three blocks north
which part of the astronauts suit helps astronauts breathe properly?
D) primary Life support subsystem
Chromosomes
DNA exist in the nucleus of a cell, in Rod shaped structure
Mitosis: Anaphase
Daughter chromosomes separate
Solid
Definite volume and shape
Denotation
Definition
Lysozyme
Degrades bacterial cell walls and causes them to lyse or burst
Delineate
Describe precisely
Adverb
Describing verb, typically ends in ly. Ex. When Where How Why
Adjective
Describing word. Ex. Which one What kind How many
Caption
Description of a figure of graphic
Caption
Description of a figure or graphic
Map
Diagrammatic representation of an area showing cities, roads, and other sites
Denotative meaning
Dictionary definition
Denotative meaning of a word
Dictionary definition
Finding the Authors Point of View
Discern between fact and opinion, biases, tone and stereotypes
Identify
Distinguish a particular idea
identify
Distinguish a particular idea
authors point of view
Do they give you all the information or only the picture they can see because of their own point of view? topic: capital punishment author in favor would sound like; capital punishment, fair rigorous justice, terrible criminal. author against; death sentence, wrongful, conviction might send innocent people to their deaths. strong emotion: trying to pursuade
primary sources
Documentary evidence closest to the subject being studied. (Firsthand records of events, theories, opinions, or actions. In the form of either published or unpublished documents.)
1. Focus on the big picture.
Don't get bogged down in details, find the PURPOSE.
What is special about the metal plates on the lamp posts in Central Park?
Each has 4 numbers - first two tell nearest cross-road, second two tell lamp post number
Who sculpted Angel of the Waters statue?
Emma Stebbins
3 Domains
Eukarya Archaea (Prokaryotes) Bacteria (Prokaryotes)
Chronological
Events in an order in which they happen and requires a time element
Chapter 8: European Politics 1. Scandinavian Government A. danish B. swedish C. norwegian D. _________
Examine the headings above. which of the following is a reasonable heading to insert in the blank spot? A) Finnish B) Germanic C) Celtic D) Croatian
Rephrase
Explain an idea in different words
Analysis
Explains how the evidence is supporting the claim and wraps up the paragraph.
Technical Writing
Explains something (product manual, directions)
Procedural signal words
First, then, second Second, finally, now Next, while, when, Last, before, after
Sequential signal words
First, then, second, at the beginning Second, finally, now, prior to ,Next, while ,when, afterward ,Last, before, after, subsequently
Signal words (sequential)
First, then, second, at the beginning, finally, now, prior to, next, while, when, afterward, last, before, after, and subsequently
Words and phrases for procedure
First, to begin with, next, accordingly, then, last, in closing, to finish
Primary Source
Firsthand document or source closest to the creator. Photos, diaries, ancient artifacts, letters, speeches, newspapers, reporters, witnesses, archives and manuscript material photographs, audio recordings, video recordings, films journals, letters and diaries speeches scrapbooks published books, newspapers and magazine clippings published at the time government publications oral histories records of organizations autobiographies and memoirs printed ephemera artifacts, e.g. clothing, costumes, furniture research data, e.g. public opinion polls
Sequential
Following a set of order
Sequential
Following a set order
Sequential
Following a set order (Fixed order), logical pattern
Sequential
Following a set orders E.g First Second Finally
Signal Words for Supporting Details
For example Specifically In addition Furthermore For instance Others In particular Some
memorandum
Form of written communication Usually for business purposes written formally Heading with author, date, recipient Short, straight to the point.
Modes
Forms of writing
Personification
Giving human attributes to something nonhuman
Line graph
Graph that presents numerical information by using a line
Bar graph
Graph that represents numerical information by the length of lines or rectangles
Table
Graphic that organizes and displays information
Compass rose
Graphic that shows directions on a map
Aesthetic
Guiding principles of a piece of work
hydrogen gas
H2 Colorless and odorless. Burns rapidly with oxygen from the air.
Why is the mall also called the cathedral?
Had Gothic features: columns and side aisles, ribbed vaults, nave
Descriptive writing
Has a unique power and appeal, as it evokes sights, smells, sounds, textures, and tastes. Describes things physically and uniquely.
3rd Person
He, She, It, They, Him, Her, Them, Her, His, Theirs
Text features
Headings, subheadings, italicized or boldfaced words
Meiosis: Anaphase I
Homologous pairs separate
Word origin
How a word came to its current use and meaning
Word of Origin
How a word came to its current use of meaning
Representation
How something is expressed
Representative
How something is expressed
What influenced Olmsted and Vaux's plan for Central Park?
Hudson River School of Painters
1st Person
I, We, Us, Mine, Ours
Where is Invasive BP use?
ICU, anesthesiology, research
Key ideas
Ideas that support controlling idea
To EXPLAIN something... -So if you see to explain as an answer choice for a purpose question, this is a good indictor that may be the correct answer (should still explore other answer choices just in case)
If a passage is written in an Expository style, then the authors main purpose would be?
Visual information
Image such as a chart, graphic, or map used to present information
Connotations
Implied meaning and the emotion a word evokes in the reader.
Chronological
In order by time
Chronological
In order by time. e.g. Today, always , last year
Strong Opinion signal words
In the first place, It is my belief that, Without a doubt, All that to the side, From my point of view, I question whether
1.2 identify key term
Include sequence ir chronology, descriptive word and phrases and words that convey value judgment and opinion Can provide implicit and explicit info
Contrast Clues
Include the opposite meaning of a word. Words like: but, on the other hand, and however are tip-offs that a sentence contains a contrast clue
Imply
Indicare an idea subtly without specifically stating it
Imply
Indicate an idea subtly without specifically stating it
Imply
Indicate an idea without specifically stating it
Conjunction
Indicate the relationship between the elements that are joined. Ex. Then, thus and however; also and, but, or, so, nor, yet.
A method of arriving at general principles from specific facts.
Inductive reasoning
Technical
Is following steps to complete something
A history textbook
Is secondary source
Conclusion
It involves taking facts in a text and extending them logically to deduce important ideas and other forms of information.
simple epithelium
It is found in body structures were absorption, secretion, and filtration occur.
Who carved the Ballustrade Carvings?
Jacob Mould
Where is the 'License plate' on carriages?
Left front hoof
Support
Lend credibility to an idea
Library online
Library online catalog provides information about how to locate a specific book, therefore includes copyright information
Sequence
Logical order in writing
1.2 preparation
Look for key terms and those info about events that lead to a particular conclusion Ask what can i infer based on what i've just read?
5. Read for contrast
Look for these words: although, appears, but, despite, even though, however, etc.
Fiction
Made-up text
Where is Central Park located?
Manhattan - Between Upper East and Upper West Sides - 59th-110th Street
Legend
Map feature that explains symbols and other elements
Legend
Map feature that explains symbols and other elements .
Who was the famous photographer who took pictures of Central Park's location?
Matthew Brady
Secondary Source
Might address the same topic as primary source but provides extra commentary or analysis. Can be written by people not directly involved in the events.
Adrenal cortex
Monitor blood sugar level, helps in lipid and protein metabolism
Connotative meaning of a word
More complex and is combination of the words definition and it's suggested meaning based on context and emotions or associations evoked by a word the word "discipline" has unhappy connotations of punishment and repression
Digestive system components
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestinet
Skeletal system functions
Movement Mineral storage Support Protection Blood cell formation
The Greek one
Narrative
UFO
Narrative
What kind of passage is UFO?
Narrative
third person limited
Narrator sees the world through only one characters eyes and thoughts. Uses "he/she"
Context
Nearby text that influenced understanding
Context
Nearby text that influences understanding
Irrelevant
Not applicable to the idea
irrelevant
Not applicable to the idea
A topic sentence
Not too specific or too general
Site of DNA replication and RNA transcription?
Nucleus
Degrees of Separation
Number of steps removed from an origin
Degrees of separation
Number of steps removed from an origin
Degrees of seperation
Number of steps removed from an origin (of primary source document)
1.2 infer the logical conclusion from a reading selection
Objective 1) use inference based in info given 2) identify key term justifying the events selected 3) assemble events identified and associated with the inferred info to draw a conclusion
1.3 identify the topic Main idea Supporting detail
Objective Determine the topic Determine the main idea Explain the main idea
Identify the topic
Or find the subject of the passage or text Noun or noun phrase Ex arteries, alleles
Epidermis
Outermost layer regulate the amount of water lost to the body's surroundings
Nouns
Person, place, things, animals, objects, time feeling, concepts and actions
Point of view
Perspective
Social Media P
Persuasion
What kind of passage is Social Media?
Persuasive
What kind of passage is The robbery passage?
Persuasive
What kind of passage is the Casino passage?
Persuasive
Chlorophyll
Pigment that absorbs light
What statue is on Millionaire's Row?
Pomona - Goddess of Abundance
3 Main Parts Of A Word
Prefix--Root--Suffix
Bias
Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group
Bias
Prejudice in favor of or against one thing,person, or group compared with another e.g a person interviewing people for a job may be bias and choose to employ his friend over the a better candidate .
Publication
Printing or distribution of a text
Publication
Printing or distribution of text
Procedure
Process for writing, editing and revision
Procedure
Process for writing, editing, and revision
Examples of Procedure
Process for writing, edition, and revision
stereotypes
Promotes negative generalizations about people. (oversimplified opinions, that do not account for individual differences, about an entire group of people or things.)
Valid
Proven as true
Professional journal
Published periodical texts that represent a specific industry
Peer- reviewed journal
Published writings that have been analyzed by experts
Peer-reviewed journal
Published writings that have been analyzed by experts in the field
peer-reviewed journal
Published writings that have been analyzed by experts in the field
Indentation
Quotation from another work
Scale
Ratio of distance expressed to actual measurement
Scale
Ration of distance expressed to actual measurement
Secondary sources
Second hand account of an historical event. E.g text book, newspaper ,biographies
Secondary source
Secondhand account of events
Style guide
Set of conventions and standards for a type of writing
Style guide
Set of conversations and standards for a type of writing
Evidence
Shows facts, details or examples -what the claim looks like
Evidence
Shows what the claim looks like, it supports the claim with facts or details.
Stereotype
Simplified categorization of an idea or person based on convention
Stereotypes
Simplified categorization of an idea or person based on conversation e.g Characteristics imposed on their race, nationality and sexual orientation.
Meiosis: Anaphase II
Sister chromatids separate
Critical reading skills
Skills that allow you to analyze and judge the credibility of a text and the author's intention
Epithelial tissue
Skin tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Skin: Provides covering Sebaceous glands: Produce secretions
How did "The Dakota" get its name?
So far noth in the city - "Might as well be in the Dakota Territory"
Topic
Subject of a text
Topic
Subject of text
Inference
Suggest an idea by detail and evidence in the passage
Assumption
Supposition of an unstated idea
Sudoriferous glands
Sweat glands responsible for excretion of water and minerals, such as sodium chloride and magnesium
Prefixes
Syllables added to the beginning of the word
Suffixes
Syllables added to the end of the word
Narrative
Telling a story and entertain
Narrative Writing
Tells a story (novel, short story, play)
Bias
Tendency toward a preconceived idea
Who repairs the carriages in Central Park?
The Amish in PA
What is the one pomenade with a straight walking path?
The Mall
Problem-Solution
The author presents a problem then discusses a solution.
Comparison-Contrast
The author presents two situations and then discusses the similarities and differences
Cause-Effect
The author presents two situations then discusses the resulting effects.
Opinion
The author's personal thoughts or feelings which cannot be proved or disproved the way a fact can. Opinions in the TEAS may not be obvious. When asked which answer is an opinion, check to see if the anwers can be proved or disproved. If it can't, then the answer is an opinion.
Tone
The author's voice and attitude toward the topic
Point of View
The authors perspective on the writing
Logic
The framework of reasoning used to understand ideas
Topic
The general subject of the matter addresses in the passage. A passage regarding key battles of the Civil War might address the topic of history (very general), military conflict (more specific), or Civil War battles (very specific). *Topic sentences* are introductory sentences that incapsulate the main idea to be developed in that paragraph or passage (thesis statement)
Audience
The intended consumers of information
Controlling Idea
The main idea of a text
Controlling idea
The main idea of a text
Controlling ideas
The main idea of a text
Condensation
The phase change in a substance from a gaseous form to a liquid form
Locating Information
The process of determining the most appropriate sources and finding specific information
Main Idea
The purpose behind why a writer would choose to write a book, article, story etc..
Author's purpose or authorial intent
The reason a particular piece of text was written
Authorial intent
The reason an author creates a text
Topic
The subject of the passage.
connotative meaning
The suggested meaning of a word. It adds a little more meaning to the exact meaning and is something you can imply. Questioning - can mean being nosy or interested
Social structure
The system and relationships between groups of society
SummarySentence/Topic Sentence
The topic is the general subject of a paragraph or essay. Topics are simple and are described with just a word or a phrase. The main idea is a complete sentence; it includes the topic and what the author wants to say about it. If the author states the main idea in his paragraph it is called a "topic sentence." -A TOPIC SENTENCE is a sentence in the introduction that tells the reader what your PAPER will be all about. In other words, it gives them a look into your TOPIC. Ex: Example: Thanksgiving is a widely-celebrated holiday. This tells the reader that your paper will be all about Thanksgiving.
Figurative Language
The use of a word to imply something other than the word's literal definition
Rhetoric
The use of elements of language
Rhetoric
The use of elements of language. Language designed to have a persuasive or impressive effect on its audience
How did people feel about skyscrapers on the horizon of Central Park?
They didn't like it! (Now they don't care)
2. Pay close attention to the first and last paragraphs.
They give great clues to the PURPOSE
historical contexts
This means that the time and place in which the piece was written will influence the work in some way.
Ellipsis
Three periods at the beginning of the sentence, the middle of a sentence or four periods at the end of a sentence.
skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
Three types of muscle tissue
Persuasive
To persuade someone to do or believe something through reasoning or the use of temptation
Chronological signal words
Today, yesterday, later, now, last year ,Always, rarely, often, never, seldom, All year, all season, all day, since, one day
number of cells and cell shape.
Two criteria of epithelial tissues
Imperative sentence
Type of command or request
Liquid
Volume remains constant but it assumes shape of its container
Why is water neutrality
Water PH of 7
Text structure
Way in which text is organized
Structure
Ways of logically organizing ideas
Structures
Ways of logically organizing ideas
Search engine
Website to locate information online
Hydrologic cycle
When warm air containing water vapor rise and then cools
Nucleus
Where is DNA located?
What is the Children's District?
Where the zoo, carosel, and statues are
Since rejoining UNESCO, one of our top priorities has been promoting literacy, with a particular focus on girls and women. To that end, quality providers of informal education have played and will continue to play a key role in decreasing the global adult illiteracy rate. We know that informal education can be more flexible and help reach adults who have long ago dropped out of the formal school system or who were systematically denied access to school. As the largest government donor to UNICEF, the United States is supporting efforts to support safe schools, and quality education for each and every girl and boy.
Which of the following is not something with which the author of the above statements would likely agree? A) it makes sense to educate women and girls B) women become empowered through education C) formal education is better than informal education D) women and girls should be educated
Based on the information that is provided within the passage, which of the following can be inferred about King James II's son? a. Considering his resemblance to King James II, the young James was very likely the legitimate child of the king and the queen. b. Given the queen's previous inability to produce a healthy child, the English and the Lowland Scots were right in suspecting the legitimacy of the prince. c. James "the Pretender" was not as popular among the Highland clans and his son Bonnie Prince Charlie d. James was unable to acquire the resources needed to build the army and plan the invasion that his son succeeded in doing
a
Which of the following best provides detailed support for the claim that "seatbelts save lives"? a. A government website containing driving accident information b. A blog developed by one of the largest car companies in the world c. An encyclopedia entry on the seatbelt and its development d. An instant message sent out by a famous race car driver
a
atlas
a book of maps or charts
molecule
a chemical bonding of atoms combine to form cells.
travel bug
a strong desire to travel
memoradum
a written informal note usually used for business purposes
Although his friends believed him to be enjoying a lavish lifestyle in the large family estate he had inherited, Enzo was in reality impecunious. Which of the following is the definition for impecunious in the sentence above? a. Penniless b. Unfortunate c. Emotional d. Commanding
a.
able
able to be
somatostatin stimulus for release?
acid in the stomach
PH Less than 7
acidic solution (less base)
predictions, conclusions, and inferences
are based on personal judgement and prior experiences.
Opinions
are beliefs based on personal judgements, rather than on indisputable facts.
subheadings
are headings that appear below other headings, within the same category.
biases
are opinions or beliefs that affect a persons ability to make fair, unclouded judgements or decisions.
themes
are subjects that a written work frequently touches upon.
habitat
area where a articular animal lives
What in non invasive BP?
arm cuff monitor and less painful.
what is secretin stimulus for release?
arrival of chyme in the duodenum
what is gastric stimulus for release?
arrival of protein in the stomach
answer:
astonishing
Natural Killer (NK) Cells
attack and kill abnormal cells
tone
authors attitude about a subject, usually described with a single word such as critical or optimistic
point of view
authors position or belief about a subject
mode
authors purpose for writing a passage, can be expository persuasive, or narrative
What does belvedere mean in Italian?
beautiful view
intermediate
between medial and lateral
stereotype
bias; distorted, exaggerated, or oversimplified image applied to a category of people
Pancreas
bicarbonate neutralize stomach acid, trypsin and chymotrypsin digest proteins, amylase digest polysaccharides, lipase digest lipids
What are Stein and Goldstein's carosel horses famous for?
big teeth, bulging eyes, windswept mane and tails
Venules
blood returns to the heart from the capillaries
various type of connective tissue
bone, cartilage, adipose (fat), and blood vessels.
types of connective tissue
bone, cartilage, adipose and blood vessels
Atlas
book of maps
whats an atlas?
book of maps or charts
whats an almanac?
book that gives you important dates such as tidal waves, astronomical events, etc.
What are erratics?
boulders moved by glaciers
CNS
brain and spinal cord
Which of the following would best support the argument that people cause global climate change? a. The average global temperature has increase 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit since 1880. b. Common green house gases include carbon dioxide and water vapor. c. Most of the greenhouse gases today come from burning things like coal and other fossil fuels for energy. d. The average person breaths out about 1.0 kg of carbon dioxide every day, while the average cow produces about 80 kg of methane.
c.
Lymphatic system
clean up excessive fluid and protein and return them to the circulatory system
explicit
clearly stated
proximal
close to the body or point of attachment
Ventricles
collect and expel blood from the heart
Small Intestine
complete digestion, mucus protect gut wall, absorb nutrients and water, peptidase digest protein, amylase digest polysaccharides
immersed
completely covered in
inference
conclusion drawn from the info in a passage and the reader's own knowledge; not explicitly stated in the passage
How does Invasive BP works?
connect to cannula, blood vessels, hook up to electronic monitor
administrative
connected with organizing the work of a business or an institution
digestive system
consist of all the organs from the mouth to the anus ingestion and breakdown or processing of foods.
skeletal system
consist of bone, cartilage, ligaments and joints.
muscular system
consist of skeletal muscles, tendons, that connect muscle to bones.
context
consist of surrounding words, sentences, or paragraphs that usually help to reveal the word's meaning.
nervous system
consist of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and it serves as the body control system
circulatory system
consist of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
Anna is planning a trip to Bretagne, or Brittany, in the northwestern part of France. Since she knows very little about it, she is hoping to find the most up-to-date information with the widest variety of details about hiking trails, beaches, restaurants and accommodations. Which of the following guides will be the best for her to review? a. The Top Ten Places to Visit in Brittany, published by a non-profit organization in Bretagne looking to draw tourism to the region (2015) b. Getting to Know Nantes: Eating, Staying, and Sightseeing in Brittany's Largest City, published by the French Ministry of Tourism (2014) c. Hiking Through Bretagne: The Best Trails for Discovering Northwestern France, published by a company that specializes in travel for those wanting to experience the outdoors (2013) d. The Complete Guide to Brittany, published by a travel book company that publishes guides for travel throughout Europe (2015)
d
Based on the context of the passage the reader can infer that this information is likely to appear in which of the following types of works? a. A scholarly paper b. A mystery c.. A fictional story d. A biography
d
The next five questions are based on this passage In 1603, Queen Elizabeth I of England died. She had never married and had no heir, so the throne passed to a distant relative: James Stuart, the son of Elizabeth's cousin and one time rival for the throne, Mary, Queen of Scotts, James was crowded King James VI of Scotland, and the combination of roles would create a spirit of conflict that hunted the two nations for generations to come. The conflict developed as a result of rising tensions among the people within the nations, as well as between them. Scholars in the 21st century area far too hasty to dismissing the role of religion in political disputes, but religion undoubtedly played a role in the problems that faced England and Scotland. By the time of James Stuart's succession to the English people had firmly embrace the teachings of Protestant theology. Similarly, The Scottish Lowlands was decisively Protestant. In the Scottish Highlands, however, the clans retained their Catholic fate. James acknowledged the Church of England and still sanctioned the largely Protestant translation of the Bible that still bears his name James's son King Charles I proved himself to be less committed to the Protestant Church of England. Charles married the Catholic Princess Henrietta Maria of France, and there were suspicious among the English and the Lowland Scots that Charles was quietly a Catholic. Charles's own political troubles extended beyond religion in this case, and he was beheaded in 1649. Eventually, his son King Charles's II would be crowded, and this Charles believed to have converted secretly to the Catholic Church, Charles II died without a legitimate heir, and his brother James ascended to the throne as King James II. James was recognized to be a practicing Catholic, and his commitment to Catholicism would prove to be his downfall. James's wife Mary Beatrice lost number of children during their infancy, and when she became pregnant again in 1687 the public became concerned, if James had a son, that son would undoubtedly be raised a Catholic, and the English people would not stand for this. Mary gave birth to a son, but the story quickly circulated that the royal child had died and the child named James's heir was a founding smuggled in .James, his wife, and his infant son were forced to flee; and James's Protestant daughter Mary was crowned the queen. In spite of a strong resemblance to the King, the young James was generally rejected among the English and the Lowland Scots, who referred to him as the "the Pretender." But in the Highlands the Catholic princeling was welcome. He inspire a group known as Jacoties, to reflect the Latin version of his name. His own son Charles, known affectionately as Bonnie Prince Charlie, would eventually raise an army and attempt to recapture what believed to be his throne. The movement was soundly defeated at the Battle of Culloden in 1746; and England and Scotland have remained ostensibly Protestant ever since. Which of the following sentences contains an opinion on the part of the author? a. James was recognized to be a practicing Catholic, and his commitment to Catholicism would prove his downfall. b. James's son King Charles I proved himself to be less committed to the Protestant Church of England. c. The movement was soundly defeated at the Battle of Culloden in 1746, and England and Scotland have remained ostensibly Protestant ever since. d. Scholars in the 21st century are far too hasty in dismissing the role of religion in political disputes, but religion undoubtedly played a role in the problems that faced England and Scotland.
d
rules of logic typically follow
deductive or inductive reasoning
A method whereby conclusions follow from general principles
deductive reasoning
description
describe or characterize a person, thing or idea.
denotation
dictionary definition of a word
perished
died; passed away
Osmosis
diffusion of water from lower solute of concentration to one of higher solute concentration
what happened to the body when the blood vessel is cooling?
dilate
T lymphocytes
directly attack cells infected by virus and bacteria
castastrophes
disaster
Biological Classification System in order:
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family genus, species.
Pinocytosis
drinking
Phagocytosis
eating
what is ghrelin stimulus for release?
empty stomach
Mitorochondria
energy production
etched
engraved or drawn on metal or glass
sufficient
enough
What have a nucleus?
eukaryotic
rephrase
explain an idea in different words
what type of passage is King Henry VII?
expository
what type of passage is the chili recipe?
expository
what type of passage is the greek theater?
expository
what kind of passage is Central Park
expository / informative
what type of passage is Frida Kahlo?
expository/ informative
what type of passage is the central park story?
expository/ informative
what kind of park
famous in New York
Cholecystokinin (CCK) stimulus for release?
fat and amino acid
what is leptin stimulus for release?
fat in the bloodstream
accomplishment
feeling like you have done something important and good
express
feelings
Thrombocytopenia
few platelets, result in excessive external bleeding
entertain
fiction
Sympathetic
fight or flight respone
supporting details
flesh out and explain the main idea,
sequential
following SET of Orders
What are the six stage of development?
gamete formation, fertilization, cleavage, gastrulation, organ formation, growth and development of specialized tissues
The cells that form a new organism via sexual reproduction are called
gametes
Summary sentences
generally appear at or near the end paragraph sometimes they sum up the point of the earlier text, driving the message home so that the reader does not forget it or miss it.
DNA
genes
what is the social media passage trying to do?
get people to fact check before posting random information
inform
give facts
How was the carosel origionally powered?
hand crank
occur
happen, տեղի է ունենում
whats a thesaurus?
has definitions, synonyms, and antonyms
Connective Tissue
has its own blood supply.
dapper
having a stylish and neat appearance
Circulatory system consist of?
heart, blood vessels, and blood
Thymus
help build resistance to disease.
Blood
help stabilize internal pH and hosts various kinds of infectious Fighters
Myelin
help to increase the speed of the electrical impluse along the nerve cell
how should you rename the robbery passage?
jewel thief on the loose
Valves
keep blood moving in a single direction and prevent any backwash into the chambers
Eosinophils
killing parasites
contempt
lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike
inferior position
lower body
Nucleotide
monomer of nucleic acids
emigration
moving out of the country or region.
Cerebellum
muscle control and balance located in the base of the brain
mysterious
mystical, mystic, cryptic, խորհրդավոր
Sebaceous glands
oil glands secrete sebum
sebaceous glands
oil glands secrete sebum
persuasive/argumentative
one common persuasive type of essay is problem/solution structure. the facts, details, examples are usually in a logical sequence following a claim; intro of the problem being addressed, description of the problem, a plausible solution to the problem, and a closing that challenges the reader to take action. Signal words: the problem, so that, for this reason, ....if...then....., because
main idea
overall idea of a paragraph or section of a text.
weighed down
overburdened
Luteal phase
ovum awaits fertilization
The three colors are red, yellow and blue.
paint
Pharynx pathway (memory trick- please leave the breathing alone)
pharynx larynx trachea bronchi alveoli
inform
present info to teach, define, explain, clarify, illustrate. Often found in textbooks, newspaper and magazine articles, journal articles.
Endocrine system function
produce and secretes hormone to control body processes, including glucose regulation, sleep cycles and gametogenesis
Pancreas
produce insulin which controls blood sugar
muscle tissue
producing movement.
polypeptide chain
protein primary structure
Golgi apparatus
protein sorting and modification
Ribosomes
protein synthesis
Rough ER
protein translation
Epithelial tissue function
provide covering, provide secretion (example granular tissue)
nervous tissue
provides the structure for the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
Atria
receive blood returning to the heart from the body
Leptin functions
reduces hunger by signaling satiety
index
reference in alphabetical order to where everything is in the book
Somatic Nervous System
send and receives signals from skeletal muscle, which is under conscious control
strain
severe or excessive demand on the strength, resources, or abilities of someone or something
whats the order for the frida kahlo passage?
she got hit by a train, started drawing pics of herself, she married diego
Arterioles
smaller branches of the arteries, supply blood to the capillaries
Capillaries
smallest blood vessels
Muscle types
smoothes cardiac skeletal
Why are carriage paths next to the walking paths in Central Park?
so poor people could observe how rich people behaved
implication
something not clearly stated
Epiphysis
spongy bone
what does the word Disseminate means?
spread or disperse.
The shapes of epithelial includes
squamous, cuboidal, and columnar.
what happened to the body when the hair follicles is warming?
stand erect
supporting detail
statement in a passage that supports the main idea
insulin function
stimulate uptake of glucose for conversion into glycogen; decrease blood glucose level
Cholecystokinin (CCK) function
stimulates gallbladder to release bile; stimulates the pancreas to release pancreatic enzymes; inhibits gastric emptying and acid secretion.
biography
story of a person's life written by another person
biography
story of someone written by someone else
whats a biography?
story of someone written by someone else
autobiography
story of someone written by the same person
whats an autobiography?
story of someone written by the same person
exotic
strange, mysterious, exciting, unknown
summary sentence
summarizes the main idea and key details of a passage; often last sentence in a passage
Bone
support and protects softer tissues and organs
B lymphocytes
target specific bacteria for destruction
Diffusion
the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density
third person omniscient
the narrator knows all of the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in a work. uses "he/she"
respiratory system
the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
Diploid
the number of chromosomes remain the same as the parent, 46
veer
to change direction
delineate
to describe accurately
dissent
to disagree
fomenting
to foster trouble, rebellion, or strife; to stir up; to incite
Active transport
transferring substances from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration
Blood
transport oxygen to cells and removes wastes
persuasive
tries to get the reader to agree with the author.
How does traffic get across the park?
tunnels & sunken roadway
compare
two or more objects, ideas, or people that are alike or similar
organ
two or more tissues types work together to perform a task
Multiple Sclerosis
uncoordinated muscle movement
Gene
unit of inheritance
superior position
upper body
In RNA the pyrimidine instead of thymine base it has
uracil
rhetorical
used for effects not meaning
italics
used for titles of works, including books and movies, foreign words, and names of ships
vast
very large
topic
what a passage is about
Brain stem
what control breathing, respiration, heart and nerve pathway
Compared to most of our country's other Founding Fathers, Thomas Paine is essentially unknown. In fact, there are many Americans who have never even heard of him. Paine was born in 1737, the son of a corseter - a tailor specializing in corsets and other undergarments - and grew up in rural Thetford, England. As a young man, Paine worked as a corseter, sailor, and minister, but found his true calling when he moved to the British colonies in America. Paine first gained notoriety as the editor of Pennsylvania Magazine and, as political turmoil engulfed the colonies, he became more prominent. In 1776, Paine anonymously published a book called Common Sense that argued forcefully for American independence from Britain. The book's popularity spread like wildfire; soon there were 200,000 copies in circulation. Once the war began, Paine published a series of pamphlets called The Crisis. These, in the midst of a bloody war, helped keep up the morale of the troops. Thomas Paine is also credited with conceiving the name "The United States of America." Thomas Paine was an extremely talented writer; Thomas Jefferson and John Adams drew heavily on his work when drafting the Declaration of Independence. Later in life, Paine wrote other, highly controversial works. He was even exiled from England and imprisoned in France for his writings. In 1796, Paine did his part to inspire what would become Social Security. He suggested a system of social insurance for the young and the elderly in his last great work, Agrarian Justice.
what sentence, if added to the end of the passage, would provide the best conclusion to both the paragraph and the passage? A) Unfortunately, not enough is known about thomas paine to call him a founding father B) Given paines contributions to america, he deserves recognition as one of our most importsnt founding fathers C) paines was also an inventor, patenting his design for a cantilever bridge D) if paine had recieved the recognition he deserved, he would have been seen as a much more controversial figure
chemical equations
when chemical reactions are written out
extinction
when something dies out completely
For some, the poverty and deprivations of youth must be credited with the grandest achievements of adulthood. The poet Robert Burns and his brother were expected to do the work of men at the age of thirteen. He had some schooling before then, and must have improved during this time, for he could read and spell well, and had some knowledge of English grammar.
which of the following would provide the best support for the claim made in the first line of the passsage? A) a young artist from a wealthy family recieves the best education that money can buy, but still does not succeed as a painter B) a young writer comes from an impoverished, rural background, and receives a scholarship to university, but fails to make something of herself C) a child prodigy becomes a world-famous violinist before reaching puberty, despite growing up in a woring-class household D) A playwright is inspired to write beautiful plays about the destitution and difficulties of his childhood, and becomes widely acclaimed as the greatest writer of his generation
Cytotoxic T cell
will kill a host cell that expresses a foreign antigen
Trachea
windpipe
desperately
with great, pressing need
answer:
without the support of the governed, a leader cannot lead
root word
word with no prefix or suffix
signal words
words used to introduce, or "signal," an important piece of info in a passage or to explain the relationship between ideas in a passage
authors tone
writing about psychology or has factual information. Authors tone is mostly serious, neutral. Purpose is to INFORM
whats a memorandum?
written informal note usually used for business purposes
was heading for
направлялся в
fireball streaks across the sky
огненные шары-полоски по небу, կրակագնդերի գծիկներ երկնքով մեկ,
blinding flash
ослепляющая вспышка
impact
ազդեցություն
eyewitness
ականատես
apparent
ակնհայտ evident, obvious
hole
անցք
support
աջակցել
tail
պոչ
exhausted
սպառված
wilderness
վայրի բնություն, անապատ, desert, sahara
validity
վավերականությունը
damage
վնաս, վնասել
glowing reddish
փայլուն կարմրավուն
shattered
փշրված, կոտրված, broken, stricken
powdered
փոշոտ
Logical Conclusion
"What can I assume based on what I just read?" -Logical conclusion is reading between the lines of what is is stated in the passage. -Combining the information in the passage with what you already know. -It must be supported BY the text. DO NOT choose answers that are not supported by the text. It must be logically made from the available information. EX: "For instance, if you know a series of facts about your friend Jane's current purse, you can then look at those facts to draw a conclusion. The facts might be that the purse looks discolored and damaged, she has enough money to buy a new purse and she is in the purse aisle of a store. From that series of facts, you could conclude she will buy a new purse. However, while you could draw the conclusion that Jane will buy a new purse based on the facts you know, there is still no inference to suggest she has made the decision to buy a purse. Even if the facts suggest a logical concluding point of a purse purchase, the actual decision may not reflect the conclusion you draw." https://classroom.synonym.com/difference-between-inference-drawing-conclusions-4962.html *Read the passage below before answering the question.* Job Announcement DD&P Industries is currently seeking friendly, motivated individuals to fill entry-level positions in its call center. DD&P is an industry leader in the manufacture and servicing of medical equipment. We are committed to providing excellent customer service and dedicated to hiring individuals with top-notch communication skills. DD&P offers flexible work schedules with daytime, evening, weekend, and holiday shifts. We offer competitive pay and benefits packages, including medical/dental, 401(k), and profit sharing (after a year of employment). Compensation: Hourly Responsibilities: Providing professional customer service for incoming calls regarding products and services Understanding and communicating product and service information Routing calls to appropriate sources Handing customer complaints Qualifications: Good communication skills Ability to type 60 wpm Working knowledge of basic PC applications (Word, Outlook, etc.) Previous costumer service experience preferred 23.Which of the following statements is a logical conclusion based on the job announcement? A. This position will be involved in formulating communications for marketing purposes. B. Applicants for this position must have previous experience in the health care industry. (C.) Applicants for this position must have effective telephone communication skills. D. This position includes a requirement to work on weekend and during holidays.
Controlling Idea/Main Idea
"What is important to know about the topic?" The main point trying to be made about a text. EX: Topic Sentence: There are many possible contributing factors to global warming. The topic is "global warming" and the CONTROLLING IDEA is "contributing factors." EX: Topic Sentence: Dogs make wonderful pets because they help you to live longer. The topic is "dogs make wonderful pets" and the CONTROLLING IDEA is "because they help you to live longer."
First Person
"I" "Me" and "My" standpoint. Personal perspective.
Example of an EXPOSITORY PASSAGE
"Storytellers known as bards were an important element in sustaining Celtic civilization. They were trained at barding schools where they learned hundreds of poems and different styles of verse. Some bards trained for up 7 years. In addition to singing memorized poems, they composed poems of their own to celebrate important events or commemorate fallen leaders. Many scholars believe that the bards of Brittany, a region in northwest France, and those of Wales created and passed on the legends of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table. Without the oral traditions, these stories would have been lost." 10.What is the main purpose of the passage? (A.) To inform B. To persuade C. To entertain D. To analyze Although this passage does not contain dates or chronological order it does inform which is a characteristic of an expository passage. It EXPOSES information about bards.
Topic
"What am I reading about?" "Who or what is this paragraph about?" A noun or noun phrase that captures the subject matter of the writing. The topic is the subject of the text. Topic can be expressed in only a few words. EX: Topic Sentence: "There are many reasons why pollution in ABC Town is the worst in the world." The TOPIC is "Pollution" or "pollution in ABC Town is the worst in the world"
Semicolon
(;) separate two independent clauses if they are not joined by a connective conjunction
descriptive texts
- describes events, ideas, or people to the reader - focuses on a particular subject and attempts to depict the subject in a way that will be clear to readers
comparison and contrast
- describes the ways in which two things are alike, and then describes the way in which two things are different - comparison: both, same, like, too, and as well - contrast: but, however, on the other hand, instead, and yet
figurative language
- descriptive language: evokes imagery in the readers mind - simile, metaphor, personification
informative texts
- educate and enlighten the reader; teaches - more emphasis on clarity and precision
metaphor
- equates one thing with a different thing; a comparison without using like or as - ex: the bird was an arrow racing through the sky
opinion vs. fact
- fact: statement that can be proven - opinion: statement that cannot be proven
primary sources
- first hand records of events, theories, opinions, or actions. - original documents, including academic journal articles and scientific studies
footnotes and endnotes
- footnotes appear at the bottom of a page that gives further information about what was in the text - endnotes similar to a footnote, but instead listed at the end of a paragraph
line graph
- graph that uses line segments to show changes that occur over time
bar graph
- graphic form using bars to make comparisons of statistics
logical organization
- ideas are arranged in a way that makes intuitive sense - six types: illustrations/examples, definitions, classifying information, comparing, cause and effect problem and solution
memo
- informal correspondence written within an organization; usually has a heading including the author, date, and recipient - usually written in formal style
persuasive passage
- meant to change the mind of the reader and lead them into agreement with the author. - likely to appeal to the readers emotions and to make claims based on opinion
Rhetorical
- merely for effect with no answer expected; used for effect, not meaning.
main idea
- most important point being made by the author - ex: penguins are different from other birds in many ways
narrative passage
- must have a plot, and have characters - often contains figurative language which is meant to stimulate the imagination of readers by making comparisons and observations
persuasive writing
- one opinion is presented as fact - uses emotional language
spatial organization
- organization according to location, position, or direction
chronological organization
- organization by time or sequence
bias
- prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue. - can be intentional or unintentional
supporting details
- provide evidence backing for the main point
argument
- statement put forth and supported by evidence
topic
- subject of a text; what the text is all about - ex: penguins
problem-solution text structure
- texts that are organized to present a problem followed by a solution
personification
- the giving of human qualities to an animal, object, or idea
connotative meaning
- the meaning suggested by the associations or emotions triggered by a word or phrase
foreshadowing
- the use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot
implications
- things that are not stated directly, but can be assumed by the reader based on what the author does say.
headings and subheadings
- titles that distinguish different sections to organize topics and ideas
expository/inform
- to teach, explain, clarify, share info, elaborate on a topic. EX: writing an email to a friend I haven't seen in a long time, telling her whats been going on in my life. -My friend is reading the email and all of the info I have shared, so her goal is to "learn it" as the reader. BUT... in the email, I include info about vitamins I'm selling and tell her how great they are, because I want her to buy some. NOW, my PURPOSE is to PERSUADE, because I am using info to convince her.
italics
- used to emphasize important phrases, words, and sentences - used for long/large works such as books, magazines, long operas, or epic poems - shorter works typically placed in quotation marks
dictionary
- used to find a word's meaning, check spelling, and word pronunciation
technical passage
- written to describe a complex object or process - common in medicine, science, mathematics, and engineering
Identifying the topic, main idea, and supporting details
-Beware of the topic placement
Modes of Passage
-Expository -Persuasive/argumentative -Narrative -Descriptive
Steps to Summarize
-Identify the Topic or Subject -Identify the purpose of reading (Key points)
Problem/Solution structure
-Introduction of the problem being addressed -A description of the problem -A plausible solution to the problem -A closing that challenges the reader to take action
Key Terms
-Sequence -Descriptive words -words that coney value, judgments, and opinions
Printed Public announcements
-organization -message -Supporting detail -Informational link
Mega
1 million
Inference
1. A conclusion reached by critical thinking 2. Suggests an idea by details and evidence in a passage
Primary source
1. A firsthand document or source created at the time in question 2. Examples include artifacts such as ancient tools and ancient artwork , letters, recordings, images and other media that have not been altered from their original State
Theme
1. A foundational concept engaged with by a piece of art 2. Reveal information about a specific time or time period
Narrative structures
1. Appear in stories, poetry, which often serve to entertain an audience. 2. Narrative texts generally include a plot and one or more characters trying to overcome an obstacle or solve a problem
Scientific method sequence
1. Ask a question to begin the process 2. Conduct background research on the identified question 3. Propose a hypothesis as a result of the research into the topic 4. In order to analyze data, perform the experiment 5. Analyze the data. 6. Ultimately, accept or decline the hypothesis
Narrative
1. Author can entertain, inform, and challenge readers through diverse structures 2. Narratives tell stories with sensory details that assist the readers in experiencing events 3. Wether in poetry, anecdotes or short stories, narratives use chronological order (beginning to end or end to beginning)
Words or phrases of cause and effect
1. Due to, was responsible 2. Consequently, as might be expected 3. As a result, made possible by 4. If..... then, since
Following directions
1. From left to right 2. After it has set 3. While the... complete steps 4. Carefully and with 5. Choose all that apply 6. From top to bottom
Point of view
1. Is the way an author considers the subject of the writing 3. Perspective
The two type of dictionary
1. Merrian- Webster Dictionary 2. Oxford English Dictionary
Figurative language
1. Metaphor- comparison between unlike things without using like it as ( the teacher is a lion) 2. Simile- comparison between unlike things using like or as (the teacher is like a lion) 3. Personification- giving human attributes to something nonhuman (the leaves danced in the wind)
Stereotype
1. Negative generalizations 2. Ignorance or lack curiosity
Data collection uses four main steps:
1. Observation 2. Measurement 3. Samples 4. Organization
Words or phrases for compare/contrast
1. On the contrary, in like manner, similarly, compared to, have in common, in the same way, in spite of, as well as
Four details of a printed public announcement
1. Organization 2. Message 3. Supporting detail 4. Information link
Scientific method proper order:
1. Problem Identification 2. Question asking 3. Hypothesis developed 4. Data collection and experimentation. 5. Analysis 6. Conclusion
Circular reasoning
1. Reasoning that offers no support for assertions other than restating in different words 2. Refers to itsef as evidence or truth (proverty is a problem because it create trouble in communities)
Stereotype
1. Simplified categorization of an idea or person based on convention 2. Writer remains nonemotional and uses general statements 3. Writer might have facts based upon researched biases and falsely supported assumptions
Inductive reasoning
1. Start with facts and details and moves to a general conclusion
Deductive reasoning
1. Starts with a conclusion and then explains the facts details and examples 2. If all premises are true and clear, the conclusion must also be true (Ex. All dogs are mammals. All mammals have hearts. All dogs must have heart
Expository
1. The author informs, explains or tell how to 2. No opinions, only used facts or example 3. Uses logical order of least to most important or detailed step-by step process
Words for problem/solution
1. The problem, because 2. So that, this led to 3. For this reason, a solution 4. If... then...., on reason for
Bias author
1. Unfair or inaccurate 2. Intentional or unintentional 3. Author may still be correct
Rhetorical
1. Used for effect only, not meaning 2. expressed in terms intended to persuade or impress.
Key ideas and details
1.1 summarize a complex text 1.2 infer the mogical conclusion from a reading selection 1.3 identify the topic, main idea,and supporting detail 1.4 follow a given set of direction 1.5 identify specific info from a printed communication 1.6 identify info from a graphic representation info 1.7 recognize events in a sequence
When did construction of the park start and how long did it take?
1858, 20 years
Mendel's law of heredity
1st law (Segregation)- half of the alleles are contribute by each parent. 2nd law (Independent assortment)- traits are passed on randomly and are not influenced by other traits
Where does NYC get the 1.3 billion gallons of water it uses daily?
2 tunnels that go to Upstate New York
Craft and structure
2.1 distinguish between fact and opinion, biases and stereotypes 2.2 recognize the structure of texts in various formats 2.3 interpret the meaning of words and phrases using context 2.4 determine the denotative meaning of words 2.5 evaluate the author's purpose in a given text 2.6 evaluate the author's point of view in a given text 2.7 use text feature
integration of knowledge and ideas
3.1 identify primary sources in various media 3.2 use evidence from text to make prediction and inferences, and draw conclusion about a piece of writing 3.3 compare and contrast themes from print and other sources 3.4 evaluate an argument and its specific claims 3.5 evaluate and integrate data from multiple sources in various formats,including data
How many arches and bridges are there in Central Park?
39
45. C 46. B *The reason this email got written was not to tell them how bad their score was, it was to give them an opportunity to make it up
45. Which of the following best describes the instructor's purpose? A. To berate students for the poor scores that they had made on the recent essay exam B. To encourage students to continue working hard in spite of failure C. To give students the opportunity to make up the bad scores and avoid failing the course D. To admit that the essay exam was likely too difficult for most students 46. What is the best summary sentence for this passage? A. By now, many of you have probably seen your grade and are a little concerned . (and if you're not concerned, you should be - at least a bit!) B. With each class comes a new challenge, however, as any good instructor will tell you, sometimes the original plan has to change C. The purpose of the group project is to allow students to work together and arrive at a stronger response than if each worked individually D. At the beginning of the semester, I informed the class that I have a strict grading policy and that all scores will stand unquestioned
Chemical property
A chemical change must be carried out in order to observe and measure a property
anthology
A collection of related ideas or writings, such as songs, stories, or poems
simile
A comparison using "like" or "as"
metaphor
A comparison without using like or as
Tertiary Source
A compilation of primary and secondary sources
Tertiary source
A compilation of primary and secondary sources
Inference
A conclusion reached by critical thinking
Inference
A conclusion reached by critical thinking Suggest an idea by details and evidence in a passage
Argumentative
A contentious ;causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial tone
Conclusion
A deduction made by a reader about an unstated outcome from a reading passage
Conclusion
A deduction made by a reader about an unstated outcome from a reading passage Asks rhw reader to analyze and make a decision bsed in prediction, detail, evidence and result
Conclusion
A deduction made by a reader about an unstated outcome from a reading passage 2. a conclusion Asks the reader to analyze and make a decision based on predictions, details, evidence and results
Graphic
A diagram, graph, illustration or other piece of artwork
Graphic
A diagram, graph, illustration, or other piece of artwork
Graphic
A diagram, graph, illustration, or other piece of artwork.
bibliography
A document showing all the sources used to research information. Similar to works-cited
Fact
A fact can be subjected to analysis and can be proved or disproved.
Primarily source
A first hand document or source created at the time in question. E.g Artifacts, recordings, letter, images ,birth certificate, internet, video, autobiography ,novel,painting
Primary source
A firsthand document or source created at the time in question
Primary Sources
A firsthand document or source created at the time in question (original state isnt altered)
Theme
A foundational concept engaged with by a piece of art
Genre
A group of related writings or other social media
Inference
A judgement made that is based on evidence that comes from the text. Uses reasoning to make a logical observation based on evidence. "Read between the lines".
bureaucracy
A large, complex organization composed of appointed officials
Information specialist
A library employee who helps patrons find information
Library media specialist
A library employee who helps patrons find media sources
thesaurus
A listing of words with synonyms and antonyms
Prediction
A logical inference about what might be true or occur in the future based on evidence in the text. Decides what may be true, or what may happen in the future, based on evidence.
Distance scale
A means to measure distance on a map
Implied Main Idea
A paragraph without a clear topic sentence still has a main idea, it is implied. Pay attention to word choice, tone, and content.
Secondary Source
A secondhand account of an event or a retelling of another person's observations written by someone who did not witness or actually participate in the events. Includes sources that combine, synthesize, and or interpret information from primary sources. Examples include encyclopedias, textbooks, and reviews. Not from the original creator, Created by someone not there first-hand. Secondary sources are works that analyze, assess or interpret an historical event, era, or phenomenon, generally utilizing primary sources to do so. Secondary sources often offer a review or a critique. Secondary sources can include books, journal articles, speeches, reviews, research reports, and more. Generally speaking, secondary sources are written well after the events that are being researched. However, if an individual writes about events that he or she experienced first hand many years after that event occurred, it is still considered a primary source.
Anecdote
A short story that illustrates a concept but is not the main idea
Topic
A specific person, place, thing, or issue
Fact
A statement or thought that can be proven true
Claim
A statement that something is true
Theme
A subject that the text touches upon more than once. The themes of the passage are ideas or concepts that weave throughout a passage and frequently recur. The passage regarding key battles of the Civil Was might contain themes of heroism, bravery, or strategic prowess, for instance.
Physical property
A substance can be observed and measured without changing
Diagram
A symbolic representation of information
Theme
A theme is going to be what the whole passage is trying to convey to you. EX: Say you are asked to write a passage and your professor gives you a list of themes to choose from. The themes can be "love" "overcoming fear" "crime and punishment" So you are going to write something that relates to one of those themes. For example, in a passage about UFO's and an abduction it asks: Is the following a topic, main idea, supporting detail, or theme of the UFO article? ** Conspiracy and cover-up ** A) Topic B) Main idea C) Supporting detail D) Theme The anwer is D) Theme, because Conspiracy and Cover-up is what the author chose to write about and tried to convey to the readers.
Logical conclusion
A theory based on the inference in a text. Uses reasoning to analyze evidence in order to come up with a theory.
Heading
A title
Subheading
A title of a subdivision of information with a large text
Subheading
A title of a subdivision of information with a larger text
Chart
A type of diagram that graphically representation of data
Chart
A type of diagram that graphically represents data
Graph
A type of diagram that mathematically displays data
Blog
A website that is usually informal and independently run
Memorandum
A written informal note usually used for business purposes
Based on a prior knowledge of literature, the reader can infer that this passage was taken from which of the following?
A) a limerick B) a folk tale C) a persuasive essay D) a historical document
the reader can infer that this passage was taken from which of the following?
A) a political treatise B) a history book C) a tourist guidebook D) a historic novel
answer:
A) ask them for advice about her problem
The vain queen worried that her magical mirror was lying to her when it told her she was "the fairest in the land." She wanted to ensure her beauty never faded. She called several of her wisest advisors to her council chamber. Based on this passage which of the following is a logical prediction of what the queen will do?
A) ask them for advice about her problem B) command her advisors to go to beauty school C) discuss the issue patiently with her wisest advisor D) scheme against the lying mirror
which of the following describes the word miraculous as it is used in the third paragraph of the passage?
A) astonishing B) paralyzing C) unconscionable D) preternatural
the description of the drafting of the declaration of independence in the third paragraph has what type of relationship to thomas paines writing?
A) cause and effect B) compare and contrast C) problem and solution D) sequence
answer:
A) exceptional
answer:
A) finnish
answer:
A) paine was one of the founding fathers
the passage is reflective of which of the following types of writing?
A) technical B) narrative C) expository D) persuasive
An individual reading a book about the first emperor of China wants to find the first reference in the book to the Terracotta Army. Where should he or she look?
A) the glossary B) the table of contents C) the afterword D) the index
Read and follow the directions below. 1. Walk one block west. 2. Walk three blocks north. 3. Walk two blocks east. Where is your destination compared to your original location?
A) two blocks north, two blocks west B) two blocks south, two blocks east C) one block west, two blocks south D) one block east, three blocks north
4. Ask questions as you read.
A. What is the writer's purpose? B. What is the tone of the passage? C. What is the internal logic of the passage?
Cytoplasm
An aqueous mixture of protein and other biological molecules
Opinion
An assumption that is not based in fact and cannot be proven true
Ionic bonding
An atom gains or loses electrons
Foreshadowing
An author's hints of events to come
Denotation
An explicitly stated meaning of a word or idea
Theme
An idea or concept that the author refers backs to frequently
Descriptive
An idea, object, person, or other item is described in detail
Connotation
An implied meaning of a word or idea
Inference/Infer/Inferred
An inference is a suggested idea based on details and evidence in a passage. You can use these details to generate additional information and draw a more accurate conclusion. The information is implied but not written out-right or in an obvious way. EX: "For instance, from your inference about the water damage to Jane's current purse, you might come to the conclusion she will want to purchase a purse that is more resilient against water damage. By using inferences to gain more information, you can draw conclusions that may be more accurate and more specific. Instead of just drawing the conclusion Jane will purchase a new purse, you now can predict which kind of purse she will purchase." https://classroom.synonym.com/difference-between-inference-drawing-conclusions-4962.html
Memo
An informal written message, especially in business.
Forum
An online message board.
Primary Source
An unaltered piece of writing that was composed during the time when the events being described took place.
Recognizing bias
Analyzing whether an author has a prejudice in favor or against a thing, person, or group
18. D
Answer 18
2. C 3. B 4. A *D says "all animals" which doesn't apply
Answer 2-4
D *This is a recipe; its written in a non traditional (bulleted) form, and it contains opinions and tips (human tone) so it is a Expository style vs. Technical
Answer 31
Expository
Author informs, explains, or tells how to. Does not include opinions but only uses facts and examples. Logical order of least to most important, most to least important, or a detailed step-by-step process.
Figurative Language
Author's use figurative language to convey their meaning in a descriptive way. What you will see on the TEAS are similes and metaphors. Simile: a figurative expression using LIKE or AS "the sun was like an orange." "He ran as fast as a cheetah" Metaphor: writing in which the author equates or compares one thing to another not using like or as. "The bird was an arrow arcing through the sky."
Graphic Representation
Bar, pie, and flow charts, graphs, maps, and illustrations
Parts of speech
Basic types of words in English
What do you see as you come out of the ramble at vista rock?
Belvedere Castle
What is the spiritual center of Central Park?
Bethesda Terrace
Bias
Bias is a tendency to lean in a certain direction, often to the detriment of an open mind. Those who are biased tend to believe what they want to believe, refusing to take into consideration the opinions of others. To truly be biased, it means you're lacking a neutral viewpoint. Sprouting from cultural contexts, biases tend to take root within an ethnic group, social class, or religion.
What is special about the Wollman Rink?
Biggest ice rink in North America
Explicit
Clearly stated
Historical and cultural context
Clues that help you understand the period when a text was written
Tertiary Source
Collection of primary and secondary sources. Tertiary sources are sources that identify and locate primary and secondary sources. These can include bibliographies, indexes, abstracts, encyclopedias, and other reference resources; available in multiple formats, i.e. some are online, others only in print.
Connotative meaning
Combination of the words definition and it's suggested meaning based on context and emotions or associations evoked by a word
Footnote
Comment at the bottom of a page that refers to something within text
Footnote
Comment at the bottom of a page that refers to something within the next
Footnote
Comment at the bottom of a page that refers to something within the text
Metaphor
Comparison between unlike things without using like or as
Relevant
Connected to the idea being discussed
relevant
Connected to the idea being discussed
Legend
Explanation of the symbols on a map
Central Park
Expository
What kind of passage is Greek Theater?
Expository
What type of passge is King Henry VII?
Expository
what kind of passage is The Chili Recipe passage?
Expository
Frieda Khalo
Expository and informative
what kind of passage is the Central Park Passage?
Expository/ Informative
What kind of passage is Frida Khalo
Expository/Informative
Verb
Express action or being
Reliability
Extent of which content is from a credible source
Informational text
Factual text
Sequential
Following a set order of things. Contain organizing words such as: First, next, for example. the order in which things happen or the order of events; The text is indicated with signal words like first, then, next, and last. Do not always proceed in an orderly sequence from first to last. Sometimes they begin at the end and start over at the beginning. Ex. "He walked through the garden and gave water and fertilizer to the plants." He had to collect the water and the fertilizer before he walked through the garden because he would not go into the garden without those things.
Meiosis: Telophase II
Four haploid cells result after cytokinesis
Examples of Direction
From left to right, after it has set, while the ... completes steps, carefully and with, choose all that apply, from top to bottom.
Context
Information in a text that offers clues to help you understand the meaning of a word
Fact
Information that can be proven
Supporting details
Information that tells more about the main idea. Smaller issues raised in the passage rather than "big picture" ideas. The answer to a detail question is always given directly in the passage.
Expository Writing
Informs people (newspaper and magazine articles)
Scale
Instrument that weighs items or people
Expository writing
Intended to explain or describe something. e.g. A manual to put a table together step by step.
Persuasive
Intending to make the reader believe an idea
Persuasive
Intending to make the reader believe an idea. Follows a logical order of weakest argument to strongest argument. (Claim, evidence, and analysis)
Topic Sentence
Introduces the main idea to readers and gives the writer's perspective
What are carriages made of?
Iron and Wood
A novel
Is a fiction story
Topic
Is a noun or noun phrase that encapsulates (express the essential features) the subject matter of the writing. (Ex. Arteries, acid, alleles, mammals, and recycling)
Narrative
Is fiction
Restatement Clues
Occurs when the definition of the word is clearly stated in the sentence
Sentence Context
Occurs within the specific sentence that contains the vocabulary word
Circular reasoning
Offers no support for assertion other than restating them in different words, refers to itself as evidence of truth.
What used to be at the great lawn?
Old Central Park Reqervoir
Who won the competition in 1858 to design Central Park?
Olmsted and Vaux
Follow a Set of Directions
Procedural signal words: First, then, second, last, finally now, next, while, when, before, after. Read the passage below before answering the question. 1 tbsp olive oil 3 cloves garlic, minced 1 tbsp fresh basil 1 tsp dried thyme ½ red onion, diced 1 lb boneless, skinless chicken breast, chopped 12 oz penne pasta 2 tbsp butter 4 oz goat cheese 1. Heat the olive oil in a pan over medium-high heat 2. Add minced garlic, basil, thyme, and onion to oil and heat until onion is clear and tender. 3. Add chicken to pan and cook for 8 min. 4. While chicken is cooking, bring pasta to a boil in a saucepan. Drain and return to the pot. 5. Add butter and cheese to pasta and stir until melted, creating a sauce. 6. Toss the chicken mixture with the pasta, coating evenly with the cheese sauce. Serve hot. Makes 4 servings 20.Acording to the recipe above, when should the onion be cooked? A. After the pasta boils B. After the goat cheese has melted (C.) After heating the oil in the pan D. After adding the chicken to the pan 21.At which of the following times does it make the most sense to mince the garlic? A. After the onion is clear and tender B. After tossing the chicken mixture with the pasta C. While the pasta boils (D.) Before adding oil to the pan
Evidence
Proof to support an idea
evidence
Proof to support an idea
Connective tissue
Protects and binds body part
Specific Detail Clues
Provide a precise detail that can help you understand the meaning of the word.
Supporting Details
Provide more support for the author's main idea
Signal words (chronological)
Refer to when something happened, how often an event occurs, or for the length time an event occurs. (Function as adverbs)
Research- based
Reliant upon ideas backed by study
Research-based
Reliant upon ideas backed by study
Technical Writing
Requires a reader to follow a set of directions Requires reader to complete each step before moving on to the next. Contains steps, bullets, numbers. Can be a medical document, mathematical, scientific, logical. Examples are: Brochure, directions, classified ads, floor plans, science report, lab report, menu, cookbook, training manuals, operation guides, Assembly instructions Installation guides Owner's manuals Computer software guides Engineering guides
Where does the water in Central Park come from?
Reservoir
Revision
Rewriting a piece of text
Nucleolus
Ribosome assembly
Chili Passage
Rinse beans first
What are the pieces of Manhattan Schist in Central Park called?
Rouche Moutanee - Sleeping Sheep
helium gas
Safer alternative to hydrogen gas
Implication
Something not clearly stated
What is expository?
Something you find in an academic journal, a recipe, etc. (Very technical) (Teach, Inform, or Explain)
Summary/Summarize
State the main points of the writing. A summary gives you an idea of what the writing is about. Focus on the summary including the main idea, the most important supporting details, the conclusion, and it will only contain important information, not small details.
Fact
Statement that can be proven
Opinion
Statement that can not be proven
Opinion
Statement that cannot be proven
1.1 summarize a complex text
Step 1 identify the topic Step 2 identifuy key points Steph 3 rephrase key points
Instructions
Step-by-step directions on how to do something. HOW TO...
Narrative
Stories with sensory details that assist the readers in experiencing events. Chronological order (beginning to end or end to beginning).
False analogy
Suggesting that two things are similar, when in fact they are different.
Nucleic acids
Supply the genetic material for all living cells
Key Ideas/Supporting Details
Support the point the author is trying to make. Proves the point or expands on the main idea. Supporting details develop the passage through - Explanation - Elaboration - Clarification Supporting Details. They come after the topic sentence, making up the body of a paragraph. They give details to develop and support the main idea of the paragraph. EX: There are three reasons why Canada is one of the best countries in the world. First, Canada has an excellent health care system. All Canadians have access to medical services at a reasonable price. Second, Canada has a high standard of education. Students are taught by well-trained teachers and are encouraged to continue studying at university. Finally, Canada's cities are clean and efficiently managed. Canadian cities have many parks and lots of space for people to live. As a result, Canada is a desirable place to live. SUPPORTING DETAILS: "First, Canada has an excellent health care system. All Canadians have access to medical services at a reasonable price. Second, Canada has a high standard of education. Students are taught by well-trained teachers and are encouraged to continue studying at university. Finally, Canada's cities are clean and efficiently managed. Canadian cities have many parks and lots of space for people to live."
Meiosis: Prophase I
Synapsis and crossing over occur
Summary
Synonym to main idea. *Summary sentences* are concluding sentences that restate the main idea of the paragraph or passage. They may also draw a conclusion based on information given in the paragraph or passage (conclusion).
Index
Text in the back of a book that lists topics in a book alphabetically
Table of contents
Text in the front of a book that outlines what is in the book
Context
Text proceeding or following a specific word
Compare-and-contrast
Text structure that compares two or more things, people, events, or ideas
Cause-effect
Text structure that discusses an event and its results. Purpose: To present a problem and the effect it will have.
Sequence
Text structure that organize text in chronological order. Purpose: To relate events or steps of instructions in the order that they happen or should be done.
Problem-solution
Text structure that presents a problem and then resolves it
Functional text
Text that contains everyday information. Main purpose is to inform the reader. They do not entertain, persuadem or express feelings.
Technical text
Text that contains precise and technical information
Expository text
Text that explains a topic
Superscript
Text that is
Primary source
Text that is original
Superscript
Text that is smaller and above the surrounding text
Narrative
Text that tells a story
Label
Text that tells you what is in food or medication, or tells you how to use a product. Their purpose is to provide vital information.
Persuasive text
Text that tries to convince
Meiosis: Metaphase I
Teyrads (homologous) linne up on the metaphase plate
Diencephalon
Thalamus Subthalamus Hypothalamus
Mitosis: Prophase
The spindle fibers form and the centrioles moves to opposite sides of the cell. The nuclear membrane disappears.
second person
Told from the reader's point of view, using "you" and "your"
Scientific instruments
Tools used in science and medicine
Smoking has been proven to be dangerous to peoples health,yet many continue to smoke for various reasons. For young people, smoking often represents maturity and individuality. Many smoke as a way to reduce tension. In addition, the regular smoker becomes addicted psychologically and physically to the nicotine in the cigarettes. Topic: A) health B) smoking C) addiction D) nicotine Main Idea: A) Smoking has been proven to be dangerous to peoples health in various ways. B) Regular smokers become addicted to nicotine C) Although smoking is dangerous, people continue doing it for various reasons D) Nicotine is what smokers become addicted to both psychologically and physically
Topic: B) smoking Main Idea: C) Although smoking is dangerous, people continue doing it for various reasons
Blood
Transport oxygen to cells and removes wastes
Persuasive Writing
Tries to convince the reader of something (opinion column on a blog)
7. Notice when the writer makes an argument.
UNDERLINE IT!
What is vitamin D production good for?
UV radiation production
Social commentary
Use of rhetoric to make statements about current culture
Rhetorical
Used for effect only, not meaning
Rhetorical
Used for effect only, not meaning.
Line graph
Used for measuring trends over time
How did they fill in the great lawn?
Used rubble and dirt from building Rockefeller Center
Bar graph
Used to illustrate sets of numerical data
Pie graph
Useful for depicting how a single unit of category is divided
Preposition
Usually describes position, time, etc.
Fact-checking
Verifying facts and statements in text
Fast- checking
Verifying facts and statements in text
Main idea
What a text is specifically about. It identifies the reason for the text to be written. The argument the author is making about the topic. The general point or "big picture" idea. The answer to a main idea question must not be too broad or too specific.
Excitability Contraction Elongate
What are the properties of the muscle?
bile
What is secret in the liver and break down fat?
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines
What is the order of the digestive system
Carbon dioxide and water
What made up glucose?
Author's intent
What the author hopes to accomplish with the text
C. Expository *Best answer is informative, however this is not a choice, so Expository is the right answer
What type of writing is this? A. Narrative B. Persuasive C. Expository D. Technical
A. Persuasive *This passage does explain something but it was it was MAINLY written to get you to agree with how great President Washington was
What type of writing is this? A. Persuasive B. Narrative C. Technical D. Expository
B. Expository *This is explaining what different markings and coloration of snakes means
What type of writing is this? A. Technical B. Expository C. Persuasive D. Narrative
A. Technical *It is a set of instructions = Technical
What type of writing is this? A. Technical B. Narrative C. Persuasive D. Expository
C. To inform *This is ultimately written to inform the employees about a policy that is in place & to give clear instructions to the consequences if the policy is not followed
What type of writing is this? A. To persuade B. To entertain C. To inform D. To express feelings
bile
What's stored inside the gallbladder?
Chronological order signal words
When How often Length of time today always all year yesterday rarely all season later often all day now never since last year seldom one day
Photosynthesis
When does carbon dioxide and water converted into glucose?
Author's purpose
Why the author writes a text. To entertain: Poetry, stories, folktales, mysteries. To express feelings: Stories, poems, letters, articles. To inform/explain: Provides information. How-to articles, brochures, recipes, lab reports, technical writing. To persuade: Attempts to convince you of something. Advertisements, editorial, essays.
Exclamatory
With strong emotion
Exclamatory
With strong emotions.
Guide word
Words in a dictionary that help readers locate words
Guide words
Words in a dictionary that help readers locate words
Guide word
Words in a dictionary that help readers to locate words.
Search term
Words used to find information via a search engine
2nd Person
You, Your
The next three questions are based on the following passage NOTE: The instructor of a history class has just finished grading the essay exams from his students, and the results are not good. The essay exam was worth 70% of the final course score. The highest score in the class was a low B, and more than have of the class of 65 students failed the exam. In view of this, the instructor reconsiders his grading plan for the semester and sends out an email message to all students. Dear students: The score for the essay exam have been posted in the online course grade book. By now, many of you have probably seen your grade and are a little concerned.( And if you're not concerned, you should be- at least a bit!) At the beginning of the semester. , I informed the class that I have a strict grading policy and that all scores will stand unquestioned. With each class comes a new challenge, however, and as any good instructor will tell you, sometimes the original plan has to change. As a result, I propose the following options for students to make up their score: 1) I Will present the class with an extra credit project at the next course meeting. The extra credit project will be worth 150% of the point value of the essay exam that has just been completed. While I will not drop the essay exam score, I will give you more than enough of a chance to make up the difference and raise your overall score. 2) I will allowed each student to develop his or her own extra credit project. This project may reflect the tenor of option number 1 (above) but will allow the student to create a project more in his or her own line of interest. Bear in mind, however, that this is more of a risk. The scoring for option number 2 will be more subjective, depending on whether or not I feel that the project is a successful alternative to the essay exam. If it is, the student will be awarded up to 150% of the point value of the essay exam. 3) I will provide the class with the option of developing a group project. Students may form groups of 3 or 4 and put together an extra credit project that reflects a stronger response to the questions in the essay exam. This extra credit project will receive an equal score for the project, so there is a risk in this as well. If you are part of a group in which you do most of the work, each member of the group will receive equal credit for it. The purpose of the project is to allow students to work together and arrive at a stronger response than if each worked individually. If you are interested in pursuing extra credit to make up for the essay exam, please choose one of the options above. No other extra credit opportunities will be provided for the course. Good Luck! Dr. Edwards Which of the following describes this type of writing? a. Technical b. Narrative c. Persuasive d. Expository
a
Which of the following is a primary source? a. A report of an original research experiment b. An academic textbook's citation of research c. A quotation of a researcher in a news article d. A website description of another's research
a
encyclopedia
a book or set of books giving information on many subjects or on many aspects of one subject and typically arranged alphabetically.
almanac
a book that gives you important dates such tidal waves, astronomical events, etc.
stereotypes
a characteristics ascribed to groups of people involving gender, race, origin
reactants
a chemical reaction, atom, molecules ions interact to form new substances
Surfactant
a detergent found bathing the alveoli, which reduces surface tension to prevent lung collapse
thesaurus
a dictionary that has definitions, synonyms, and antonyms
Epiglottis
a flap of cartilage that cover the entrance of the pharynx
compass
a four or eight pointed shape on a map that indicates direction (north, northeast, east, etc.)
bitten by the travel bug
a funny way to describe when someone begins to want to travel. After the "bug" bites you, you will really want to travel.
Bibliography
a list pf books, magazines, articles, ect
catalogue
a listing of all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by a library
DNA
a molecule that contains genetic information that determines physical characteristics or traits
parasympathetic nerves
a person is at rest or eating
sympathetic nerves
a person is excited or scared
cynics
a person who believes that people are motivated purely by self-interest rather than acting for honorable or unselfish reasons.
editorial
a piece of writing that is expressing opinions or bias about a subject.
airfield
a place where military or small planes fly from
Mitosis
a process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells from a single parent
appendix
a section or table at the end of the book
prefix
a set of letters added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning
anecdote
a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person. Interesting or amusing in nature.
Anecdote
a short story that illustrates a concept but isn't the main idea
Haploid
a single copy of each chromosome
Maria is conducting a study that will examine the ideas of middle school teachers, concerning the usage of iphones in the classroom. She interviews all teachers, who teach a computer software course. Which of the following best describes the appropriateness of her sample? a. The sample is biased because it only includes teachers, who are immerse in the technology field. b. The sample is biased because the sample size is too small. c. The sample is biased because the sample size is too large d. The sample is not biased and is appropriate for the study
a.
The next three questions are based on the following information. The Dewey Decimal Classes 000 Computer science, information, and general works 100 Philosophy and psychology 200 Religion 300 Social science 400 Languages 500 Science and mathematics 600 Technical and applied science 700 Arts and recreation 800 Literature 900 History, geography, and biography Lise is doing a research project on the various psychological theories that Sigmund Freud developed and on the modern response to those theories. She is not sure where to begin, so she consults the chart of Dewey Classes. To which section of the library should she go to begin looking for research material? a. 100 b. 200 c. 300 d. 900
a.
With which of the following statements would the author most likely agree? a. There is no real mystery about the Bermuda Triangle because most events have reasonable explanations. b. Researchers are wrong to expand the focus of the Triangle to the Azores because this increases the likelihood of accidents. c. The official statement of "causes or reasons unknowns" in the loss of the Navy planes was a deliberate concealment from the Navy. d. Reducing the legends about the mysteries of the Bermuda Triangle will help to reduce the number of reported accidents or shipping losses in that region.
a.
bia
against something or someone
glossary
alphabetical list of terms of words with definition
whats glossary?
alphabetical list of terms of words with definition
tiny air sacs
alveoli.
Salivary Glands
amylase digests on polysaccharide
Index
an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers and where they are discussed in a book.
Alamanac
an annual calendar containing important dates and statistical information such as astronomical data and tide tables.
Hemoglobin
an iron containing protein that facilitates gas exchange by binding to oxygen or carbon dioxide
Gametes
an ovum and sperm cell
which of these sentences represents a summary sentence for the passage? A) a spacesuit is much more than a set of clothes astronauts wear on spacewalks B) NASAs first spacewalks took place during the Gemini program C) the advanced crew escape suit is the orange suit that astronauts wear during launch and landing of the space D) NASA is also looking at what will be needed on spacesuits for trips to mars
answer: A) a spacesuit is much more than a set of clothes astronauts wear on spacewalks
distal
away from the body
deep
away from the body surface opposite of superficial
per
away or through
The guide words at the top of a dictionary page are INTRAUTERINE and INVEST. Which of the following words is an entry on this page? a. Intransigent b. Introspection c.Investiture d. Intone
b
The next three questions are based on the following passage As little as three years before her birth, few would have thought that the child born Princess Alexandrina Victoria would eventually become Brittain's longest monarch, Queen Victoria. She was born in 1819, the only child of Edward, Duke of Kent, who was the fourth son of King George III. Ahead of Edward were three brothers, two of whom became king but none of whom produced a legitimate, , surviving heir, King George's eldest son, who was eventually crowned King George IV, secretly married a Catholic commoner, Maria Fitzherbert, in 1783. The marriage was never officially recognized, and in 1795, George was persuaded to marry a distant cousin, Caroline of Brunswick. The marriage was bitter, and the two had only one daughter, Princess Charlotte Augusta. She was popular in England where her eventual reign was welcome, but in a tragic event that shocked the nation, the princess and her stillborn son dies in childbirth in 1817. Realizing the precarious position of the British throne, the remaining sons of King George III were motivated to marry and produce an heir. The first in line was Prince Frederick, the Duke of York. Frederick married Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia, but the two had no children. After Prince Frederick was Prince William, the Duke of Clarence. William married Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, and they had two sickly daughters neither of whom survived infancy. Finally, Prince Edward, the Duke of Kent, threw his hat into the ring with his marriage to Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfield. The Duke of Kent died less than a year after his daughter's birth, but the surviving Duchess of Kent was not unaware of the future possibilities for her daughter. She took every precaution to ensure that the young Princess Victoria was healthy and safe throughout her childhood. Princess Victoria's uncle, William, succeeded his brother George IV to become King William IV. The new king recognized his niece as his future heir, but he did not necessarily trust her mother. As a result, he was determined to survive until Victoria's eighteenth birthday to ensure that she could rule in own right without the regency of the Duchess of Kent. The king's fervent prayers were answered: he died June, 1837, less than one month after Victoria turned eighteen. Through young and inexperienced, the young queen recognized the importance of her position and determined to rule fairly and wisely. The improbable princess who became queen ruled for more than sixty-three years, and her reign is considered to be one of the most important in British history. Which of the following is a logical conclusion that can be drawn from the information in the passage above? a. Victoria's long reign provided the opportunity for her to bring balance to England and right the wrongs that had occurred during the reigns of her uncles. b. It was the death of Princess Charlotte Augusta that motivated the remaining princes to marry and start families. c. The Duke of kent had hoped for a son but was delighted with his good fortune in producing the surviving heir that his brothers had failed to produce. d. King William IV was unreasonably suspicious of the Duchess of Kent's motivations, as she cared only for her daughter's well-being.
b
What is one idea that the students above seem to agree on, based on their statements? a. Students should be allowed to express themselves through apparel. b. Schools should gibe students a certain amount of respect. c. Students should focus more on school than on appearence d. Schools would violate students basic rights by enforcing a dress code.
b
Which of the following best describes the organization of the information in this passage? a. Cause-effect b. Chronological sequence c. Problem solution d. comparison-contrast
b
Also during her research, Lise learns about Freud's Jewish background, and she decides to compare Freud's theories to traditional Judaism. To which section of the library should she go for more information on this subject? a. 100 b. 200 c. 800 d. 900
b.
Follow the instructions to transform the starting word into a different word. 1. Start with the word ESOTERIC 2. Remove both instances of the letter E from the word 3. Remove the letter i from the word 4. Move the letter T from the middle of the word to the end of the word 5. Remove the letter C from the word What new word has been spelled? a. Sect b. Sort c. Sore d. Tore
b.
Literacy rates are lower today than they were fifteen years ago. Then, most people learned to read through the use of phonics. Today, whole language programs are favored by many educators. If these statements are true, It can be concluded that a. whole language is more effective at teaching people to read than phonics. b. phonics is more effective at teaching people to read than whole language. c. literacy rates will probably continue to decline over 15 years. d. the definition of what it means to be literate is much stricter now.
b.
The student couldn't help but smile when the teacher singled out her newspaper article as a __signal__ accomplishment among the class's final issue of the school newspaper.
based on the context of the sentence above, which of the following is the definition of the underlined word? A) exceptional B) vague C) tocsin D) admonition
PH greater than 7
basic solution (less acidic)
Liver
break down and build up biological molecules, stores vitamin and iron, destroy blood cells and poison, bile aids in digestion,
Digestive system function
break down food into nutrients that can be absorbed
What is the author's likely purpose in writing this passage about Queen Victoria? a. To persuade the reader to appreciate the accomplishments of Queen Victoria, especially when placed against the failures of her forebears b. To introduce the historical impact of the Victorian Era by introducing to readers the Queen who gave that era its name c. To explain how small events in history placed an unlikely princess in line to become the queen of England. d. To indicate the role that King George III's many sons played in changing the history of England.
c
Which of the following best describes the instructor's purpose in writing this email to his students? a. To berate students for the poor scores that they made on the recent essay exam. b.To encourage students to continue working hard in spite of failure. c. To give students the opportunity to make up the bad score and avoid failing the course. d. To admit that the essay exam was likely too difficult for must students
c
Which of the following is a logical conclusion based on the information that is provided within the passage? a. Like Elizabeth I, Charles II never married and thus never had children. b. The English people were relieved each time that James II"s wife Mary lost another child, as this prevented the chance of a Catholic monarch. c. Charles I's beheading had less to do with religion than with other political problems that England was facing d. Unlike his son and grandsons, King James I had no Catholic leanings and was faithful of the Protestant Church of England
c
Which of the following represents an opinion statement on the part of the author? a. The with having a larger Bermuda Triangle is that it increases the odds of accidents. b. The area known as the Bermuda Triangle has become such a part of popular culture that it can be difficult to sort through the myth and locate the truth. c. The increase in ships from East Asia no doubt contributes to an increase in accidents. d. Most consider the Triangle to stretch from Miami to Puerto Rico and include the island of Bermuda.
c
Which of the following statements could NOT provide support for BOTH arguments? a. A number of local school districts have recently implemented dress codes. b. School administrators have been in talks with parents over the issue of uniforms c.Students have reported that school uniforms are costly and typically ill=fitting. d. Several groups of students have been organized to discuss uniform dress codes
c
Adelaide attempted to ASSUAGE her guilt over the piece of cheesecake by limiting herself to salads the following day. Which of the following is the definition for the assuage word in the sentence? a. increase b. support c. appease d. conceal
c.
During her research, Lise discovers that Freud's theory of the Oedipal complex was based on ancient Greek mythology that was made famous by Sophocles' play Oedipus Rex. To which section of the library should she go if is interested to reading the play? a. 300 b. 400 c. 800 d. 900
c.
The next four questions are based on the following passage. The Bermuda Triangle The area known as the Bermuda Triangle has become such a part of popular culture that it can be difficult to separate fact from fiction. The interest first began when five Navy planes vanished in 1945, officially resulting from "causes or reasons unknown." The explanations about other accidents in the Triangle range from the scientific to the supernatural. Researchers have never been able to find anything truly mysterious about what happens in the Bermuda Triangle, if there even is a Bermuda Triangle. What is more one of the biggest challenges in considering the phenomenon is deciding how much area actually represents the Bermuda Triangle. Most consider the Triangle to stretch from Miami out to Puerto Rico and to include the island of Bermuda. Others expand the area to include all of the Caribbean islands and to extend eastward as far as the Azores, which are closer to Europe than they are to North America. The problem with having a larger Bermuda Triangle is it increase the odds of accidents. There is near-constant travel, by ship and plane, across the Atlantic, and accidents are expected to occur. In fact, the Bermuda Triangle happens to fall within one of the busiest navigational regions in the world, and the reality of greater activity creates the possibility for more to go wrong. Shipping records suggest that there is not a greater than average loss of vessels within the Bermuda Triangle, and many researchers have argued that the reputation of the Triangle makes any accident seem out of the ordinary. In fact, most accidents fall within the expected margin of error. The increase in ships from East Asia no doubt contributes to an increase in accidents. And as for the story of the Navy planes that disappeared within the Triangle, many researchers now conclude that it was the result of mistakes on the part of the pilot who were flying into storm clouds and simply got lost. Which of the following describes this type of writing? a. Narrative b. Persuasive c. Expository d. Techincal
c.
agonizing
causing great suffering
what happened to the body when the sudoriferous glands is warming?
cease sweating
Centrosome
cell organization
What part does digestion play in the digestive system?
chemical breakdown of nutrients into smaller units that enter the internal environment
four ways to structure a text?
chronological (time), cause and effect, problem/solution, and compare/contrast
bog standard
completely ordinary, without anything special added
integumentary system
consist of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails, waterproofs the body, and helps regulate body temperature
what happened to the body when the blood vessel is warming?
constructed
Plasma
contain protein, iron, glucose, amino acid, hormones and dissolved gases
ventral body cavity
contains all the body structure within the chest and abdomen.
dorsal body cavity
contains the cranial cavity and spinal cord
Parasympathetic nerves
control basic body functions
Frontal lobe
control emotion, judgement, motor action of speech and voluntary
Nervous tissue
control external and internal environment
Describe the use of camels, goats, sheep, horses, pigs, and cows in Central Park
cows - milk, sheep - cut grass & wool, pigs & goats - cut grass, camels - rides & pulled mowers, horses - pulled carriages
flak
criticism
Cartilage Tissue
cushions and provides structural support
What is present in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
cytoplasm
Ninette has celiac disease, which means that she cannot eat any product containing gluten. Gluten is protein present in many grains such as wheat, rye,, and barley. Because of her health condition, Ninette has to be careful about what she eats to avoid having an allergic reaction. She will be attending an all-day industry event, and she requested the menu in advance. Here is the menu: Breakfast: Fresh coffee or tea, scramble eggs, bacon or sausageee Lunch: Spinach salad (dressing available on the side), roasted chicken, steamed rice Cocktail Hour: Various beverages, fruit and cheese plate Dinner: Spaghetti and sauce, tossed salad, garlic bread During which of these meals should Ninette be careful to bring her own food? a. Breakfast b. Lunch c. Cocktail hour d. Dinner
d
The latest movie by a certain director get bad reviews before it opens in theatres. Consequently, very few people go to the movie and the director is given less money to make his next movie, which is also unsuccessful What can be inferred from this scenario? a. This director makes terrible movies b. The general public does not pay attention to movie reviews c. The movie reviewers were right about he first movie d. Movie reviewers exert influence on the movie quality
d
Which of the following best describes the author's intent in the passage? a. To persuade b. To entertain c. To express feeling d. To inform
d
Which of the following sentences is most representative of a summary sentence for this passage? a. The problem with having a larger Bermuda Triangle is that it increases the odds of accidents. b. The area that is called the Bermuda Triangle happens to fall within one of the busiest navigational regions in the world, and the reality of greater activity creates the possibility for more to go wrong. c. One of the biggest challenges in considering the phenomenon id deciding how much area actually represents the Bermuda Triangle. d. Researchers have never been able to find anything truly mysterious about what happens in the Bermuda Triangle, if there even is a Bermuda Triangle
d.
hypodermis
deepest layer contain blood vessels and adipose tissue
WBC
defend against infections and remove various wastes
tone
describes the author's attitude toward the topic
Smooth ER
detoxification and lipid synthesis steroids detoxify alcohol and drug storage site for calcium
Endocytosis
eating large particles into a cell
phagocytosing
eating, bacteria and mediating inflammatory responses
Ventricular contraction
empty them, forcing circulation
What part does secretion play in the digestive system?
enzymes, hormones and other substances
What are the four basic tissue types in humans:
epithelial, connective , muscular, and nervous.
sensationalized
especially of a newspaper present information about (something) in a way that provokes public interest and excitement, at the expense of accuracy.
express feelings
evoking a feeling or emotion in the reader.
3. Notice phrasing that indicates an example (skim over examples).
ex: illustration of, for example, for instance, this can be seen when, to illustrate, etc.
Hyperbole
exaggeration
worn out
exhausted
topic sentence
express the main point of a paragraph, or of a larger text structure.
Sympathetic nerves
fight or flight response
Cartilaginous joint
fill the spaces between some bones and restrict movement
Atrial contraction
fill the ventricles
igni
fire
Innate immune functions
first line of defense that includes both physical and chemical barriers
Procedural Signal Words
first, then, second, finally, now, next, while, when, last, before, and after
peptide bond
forms with the removal of a water molecule from the carboxyl and amino group
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
found in chromosomes and stores the genetic information of an organism
table of contents
found in the beginning provides an overview of a document, outlining its basic structure.
Synovial joints
freely moveable, found at the shoulder and knees
Cholecystokin (CCK) target?
gallbladder; pancreas; stomach
descriptive
give physical details or provide unique characteristics
Eccrine glands
glands that produce sweat; found all over the body
Glugagon
glucose is gone
ire
go
neutrophils
granulocytes (WBC)
grandeur
greatness, impressiveness
Anemia
hemoglobin levels are low lack of RBC, (Ex. iron deficiency or sickle cell trait)
Why is Central Park called "The Greatest work of American Art in the 1800s"?
highly composed, carefully executed, used variety of materials to create something new and origional
Leptin Target?
hypothalamus
what is ghrelin targets?
hypothalamus
Mitosis: Telophase
identical sets of chromosomes and cytokinesis completes
problem-solution
illustrated by presenting the problem in one paragraph, and the solution in another.
second line of defense
include fever inflammation.
text features
include such formating devices as bold or italicized fonts, indented text, and bulleted or numbered lists.
Glucagon function
increase blood glucose levels
what is insulin stimulus for release?
increase in blood glucose level
what happened to the body when the sudoriferous glands is Cooling
increased sweating
Logic follows rules that are
independent of the subjective fallacies of the investigator.
Ghrelin function
induce hunger
Invasive BP complication
infection and bleeding
pathogens
infectious agents
Pineal
influence biorhythms and sexual activity
mood
influences a reader emotional state in the piece.
Pituitary gland
influences growth, metabolism and regeneration
implicit information
info that can be inferred from a passage but is not stated outright
explicit information
info that is directly stated in a passage
Somatostain function
inhibits gastric secretion and slow digestion
Midbrain
integrate sensory signal and orchestrates responses to these signals
Thalamus
interpret sensation from touch, pain, receptor
expository
introduces or explains a subject, that is necessary for understanding later ideas
Which method of BP is most accurate, invasive or non-invasive?
invasive
smooth muscle
involuntary control, found in the walls of the hollow organs, such as intestines, blood vessels, bladder, and uterus
physiology
is the study of the function of the organs and body systems
Anatomy
is the study of the structure of organs and body systems.
text structure
is the way in which a given text is organized.
figurative language
language used beyond its literal meaning includes devices like metaphors and hyperbole (exaggeration)
to flock
large amounts of people go to the same place at the same time
zeppelin
large gas-filled balloon
Describe the statue of William Tecumseh Sherman.
led by Lady Victory, horse is stomping a Georgia Pine, gold symbolizes cost of war and riches of victory
scale
line on a map marked to show the relationship between distance on the map and real-life distance
table of contents
list at the beginning of a book that shows chapters (and sometimes headings or subheadings) and the page where they begin.
index
list in the back of a book that includes the topics included in the book and the page numbers where they appear
whats a bibliography?
list of books, magazines, articles, etc
tertiary source
list of primary and secondary sources, such as bibliography or index
ignited
lit or made to burn
Glucagon Target
liver
insulin targets
liver, muscle, and adipose tissue
table of contents
located in the front and tells you units, chapters, headings, and page numbers.
Cilia
locomotion
barracking
loud shouting by someone who disagrees with a person who is speaking
Glucagon stimulus for release
low blood sugar level
Thymus
lymphoid organ neck
entertain
main goal is not to teach or persuade. Author is telling a story.
authors purpose
main reason for writing a particular piece
Persuasive
making you believe something or to do something
Diaphysis is composed of what?
marrow cavity compact bone periosteum (surround and protect the bone)
What is the brain consists of?
medulla Oblongata, Cerebellum and Pons
The process by which gametes reduce there DNA content is called
meiosis
Printed Communication
memos, announcements, and advertisements
Action potential
messenger sent across the plasma membrane of neutrons
Brain stem consist of?
midbrain pons medulla
Dermis
middle layer contain nerve ending, hair follicles, sweat and oil glands and capillaries
The process of cell duplication in which two daughter cells receive exactly the same nuclear material as the original cell
mitosis
What part does movement play in the digestive system?
mixes and passes nutrients through the system and eliminates wastes
Stomach function
mixing and storing food dissolving and degrading food via secretions controlling passage of food into the small intestine
modes and structures
modes: persuasive, expository, and narrative types of writing (structure) that fall under each- expository: compare/contrast, procedure, cause and effect. Narrative- myths, biographies, short stories, poetry, and novels.
main idea
most important point being made
Digestive system consists of?
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, rectum, and anus
Muscular tissue
movement
Skeletal System Function
movement mineral storage support protection blood cell formation
Digestive system function
movement secretion digestion absorption
Osmosis
movement of solvent from lower concentration to higher concentration
immigration
moving into a region or country.
What are on the gates leading into the park? Why?
names of respected professions to educate immigrants and freed slaves
what type of passage is the UFO?
narrative
Airway consist of?
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
What was the "Greensward Plan"?
natural, wild areas, away from noise
urgency
need for immediate attention
PNS consist of?
nerves and ganglia sympathetic nerves parasympathetic nerves
PNS
neurons (nerve cells) send and receive signal throughout the body
Neurotransmitters
neurons communicate across the synapse
inferences
next step or logical conclusion that is not actually written in the text; rather it is deduced by the reader, based on information that is in the text.
ordinary
normal
Respiratory system components
nose, throat and lungs
Apocrine glands
not active until puberty found in armpits, nipples, groin
answer:
not until a person has mastered the requisite skills should he or she attempt to lie in a serious manner
what does the word infamous mean?
notorious
what does the word infamous means?
notorious
where are some useful places to look for the main idea/ topic sentence?
one common place for the topic sentence is in the beginning. -topic sentence -key ideas/supporting detail -key ideas/supporting detail -key ideas/supporting detail
centi
one hundred
hecto
one hundred
micro
one millionth
deci
one tenth
kilo
one thousand
Milli
one thousandth
Forums
online message board
whats a forum?
online message board
Anus
opening for the eliminaion of feces
Urinary system
or excretory system helps maintain the water and electrolyte balance within the body.
The respiratory system supplies the body with _______ and removes___________
oxygen; carbon dioxide
Describe the process of creating Central Park
painted, used 10 million loads of earth, planted 500,000 trees
Secretin target?
pancreas, stomach, liver
what does gastric target?
parietal cells of the stomach
What part does absorption play in the digestive system?
passage o nutrients through plasma membranes into the blood or lymph and then to the body
technical
passes along precise information, usually formal, or semi-formal style, usually in bullets or numbered.
Why were there origionally no straight walking paths in the plan for Central Park?
people didn't want to look each other in the eye
Stomach
pepsin digest protein, HCL( hydrochloric acid) activate enzymes, break up food, kill germs, mucus protect stomach walls and limited absorption
what type of passage is social media?
persuasive
what type of passage is the casino?
persuasive
what type of passage is the robbery?
persuasive
Macrophage
phagocytes that alert T cells to the presence of foreign substances
Dendritic cells
phagocytic cells that kills extracellular pathogens
adenine and guanine
purines
thymine and cytosine
pyrimidines
Innate arm
quick to respond
footage
raw, unedited material as it had been originally recorded
Large Intestine
reabsorbs some water and ions, forms and stores feces
whats an index?
reference in alphabetical order to where everything is in the book
Integumentary System Function
regulate body temp protection sensation immunity blood reservoir vitamin D production
Parathyroid
regulate calcium levels in the blood, absorption, and secretes hormones
Thyroid gland
regulate metabolism and function in growth and development
Autonomic Nervous System
regulates body processes that do not equire conscious control
Medulla
regulates breathing, swallowing, and heart beat
Hypothalamus
regulates hunger, sleep, thirst, and involuntary mechanisms
what happened to the body when a hair follicle is cooling?
relax
Insulin
released in response to high blood glucose, induced the storage of glucose in glycogen and stimulating glucose uptake by cells.
Basophils
releasing histamine and mediating allergic reactions
Cerebrum
responsible for thought and perception as well as visual and auditory processing
Parasympathetic
resting state
products
resulting output
for the chili recipe, what should be done first?
rinse beans first
Lysozyme location
saliva, tears, mucus
conservation
saving the planet and nature
Taxonomy
science of classification
italiciced
scientific name of organisms are italiciced (ex. staphyloccocus aureus)
Adrenal glands
secretes cortisone and adrenaline which help during emergencies
Somatostatin Target
secretory stomach cell
legend
section of a map that explains what the map's symbols mean
whats an appendix?
section or table at the end of the book
topic sentence
sentence that introduces the topic of a text; often the first sentence in the passage
Atrioventricle valves
separate atria and ventricles
answer:
sequence
in a work of literature or nonfiction, what is the purpose of an index
serves as a reference for readers, listing the location of specific topics or concepts within the book.
stratified epithelium
serves as protection.
suffix
set of letters added to the end of the word to change its meaning
whats an anecdote?
short story that illustrates a concept but isn't the main idea
Epiphyseal plate
site of new bone growth
Integument
skin
Axial skeletal
skull, sternum, ribs, and vertebral column
adaptive arm
slower to activate but it specifically targets a pathogen and forms memory cells
Interferon
small chemical messenger, to signal to nearby cells the presence of a foreign pathogen and activate innate defense in the cells
fact
something that can be proven
mystery
something unknown, something that needs to be found out
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
source of energy
secondary source
source of info created by someone who did not participate in or witness an event; created after an event has occurred
primary source
source of info provided by a participant in or witness to an event
Synapse
space between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another
Meiosis: Prophase II
spindle fibers begin to reappear and centrioles moves to opposite poles.
Gastrin function
stimulates gastric acid and mucosal secretion; increase motility
secretin function
stimulates pancreas to release bicarbonate; inhibit gastric emptying; increase bile secretion
Rectum
store and expel feces
persuasive/argumentative
strong opinion signal words and phrases: in the first place, without a doubt, undoubtedly, unquestionably, it is my belief that, all that to the side, from my point of view, I question whether.
Arteries
strong, elastic vessels adapted to the high pressure of blood as it leaves the heart
Nervous tissue
structure for the brain spinal cord and nerves Made up of neurons
topic
subject of a text or what the text is about
Chemical synapses
substances are released that stimulates or inhibits the actions of the adjoining cell
Pharynx
swallowing
inflammation
swelling of the tissue and fever
compass rose
symbol that indicates the cardinal direction. it has an arrow pointing north.
deca
ten
narrative
text that tells a story, or relates a chain of events.
topic
that part of a sentence about which something is said. (a conversation)
small intestine
the absorption of nutrients. consist of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
main idea
the argument the author makes in a text passage
cause and effect
the author describes a situation and then its effects
compare and contrast
the author explores the similarities and differences between two or more things
Chronological
the author list events in the order in which they happened
comparison-contrast
the author may present two different cases with the intent of making the reader consider the differences between the two cases.
cause-effect
the author normally presents an action first, and then describes the effects that result or may result from that action.
cells
the basic unit of all life.
central nervous system
the brain and spinal cord
organism
the highest level of organization the result of all organ systems in the working together in the body.
connotation
the implied meaning of a word created by context and usage
answer:
the index
distance scale
the legend that tells how to interpret distances on the map.
denotative meaning
the literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase Questioning - ask questions of (someone), especially in an official context.
Counterclaim
the opposition's reason against the author's claim
Meiosis
the original cell divide twice and the four resulting cells each contain a single copy of each chromosome
Signal words for problem and solution passages
the problem so that for this reason if ... then... because this led to a solution one reason for
persaude
the reader to a particular viewpoint
lateral
the sides of the body
atoms
the smallest parts of elements combine to form a molecule
theme
the subject to talk, a piece of writing, a person thoughts
bolster
the support or strengthen something
the environment
the world around us/nature
author purpose
their reason to write a specific topic
testify
to give evidence
wander
to go from one place to another without any definite plans
to flourish
to grow and develop
recruit
to hire, employ
explore
to look around and find new things
undervalue
to underestimate
superficial
toward or at the body surface
RNA (ribonucleic acid)
translate the DNA into a form that can be read to create protein
The process of protein production from messenger RNA is called
translation
Veins
transport blood toward the heart
Esophagus
transport food
Diffusion
transport from higher to lower concentration
RBC
transport oxygen to cells
bold text
used to emphasize words
Describe what a landscape architect does
uses trees, bushes, streams, rocks, and ponds to creat rooms in nature
index
usually in the end. A list of names, topics, and ideas mentioned in a text.
perspective
view; a way of seeing things
assaults
violent physical or verbal attacks
Larynx
voice box
skeletal muscle
voluntary
Lysome
waste breakdown
Cerebellum lobe
what control muscle coordination
Parietal lobe
what control pain and temp.
Decipital lobe
what control vizual
Friends and Fellow Citizens: Called upon to undertake the duties of the first executive office of our country, I avail myself of the presence of that portion of my fellow-citizens which is here assembled to express my grateful thanks for the favor with which they have been pleased to look toward me, to declare a sincere consciousness that the task is above my talents, and that I approach it with those anxious and awful presentiments which the greatness of the charge and the weakness of my powers so justly inspire." - Thomas Jefferson
what is jeffersons point in this excerpt? A) jefferson is envious of George Washingtons popularity B) Jefferson has no concern for public opinion. he wants only to do what is best for the nation C) jefferson wants to retire with a good reputation D) without the support of the governed, a leader cannot lead
"You want to be very careful about lying; otherwise you are nearly sure to get caught. Once caught, you can never again be in the eyes to the good and the pure, what you were before. Many a young person has injured himself permanently through a single clumsy and ill finished lie, the result of carelessness born of incomplete training. Some authorities hold that the young ought not to lie at all. I do maintain, and I believe I am right, that the young ought to be temperate in the use of this great art until practice and experience shall give them that confidence, elegance, and precision which alone can make the accomplishment graceful and profitable. Patience, diligence, painstaking attention to detail—these are requirements; these in time, will make the student perfect; upon these only, may he rely as the sure foundation for future eminence." - Mark Twain
what is mark twains main point about lying in this passage? A) truth is mighty and will always prevail B)Not until a person has mastered the requisite skills should he or she attempt to lie in a serious manner C) its important to learn to lie in a convincing manner D) it takes a lot of practice to become a good liar
Compared to most of our country's other Founding Fathers, Thomas Paine is essentially unknown. In fact, there are many Americans who have never even heard of him. Paine was born in 1737, the son of a corseter - a tailor specializing in corsets and other undergarments - and grew up in rural Thetford, England. As a young man, Paine worked as a corseter, sailor, and minister, but found his true calling when he moved to the British colonies in America
which of the following conclusions may logically be drawn from the first paragraph of the passage? A) paine was one of the founding fathers B) paine was forgotten after his lifetime C) The declaration of independence could not have been written without paines contribution D) paines wide range of job experiences likely helped him develop his political opinions
The Louis Lumière camera launched in Paris on December 28th, 1895. It was called the Cinématographe and it was the first camera manageable enough to bring out of the studio and into the world. Its competitor, at the time, was still confined to a studio in New Jersey and required several men to move. The Lumière camera weighed only 5 kilograms and could be carried in a small suitcase. An audience of journalists, theatre directors, and friends viewed the first show. After that, the public shows commenced. Louis Lumière, often considered the founder of documentary film, was the son of Antoine Lumière, a painter who had turned to portrait photography, photographing well-to-do clients against backdrops he painted. Louis and his brother Auguste received a technical education, but Louis left school at an early age because of severe headaches, and took up laboratory work for his father. While still a teenager, he invented a new procedure for preparing photographic plates, which gave such fine results that the Lumières began to manufacture plates for others. Soon the family sold the photo studio and on the outskirts of Lyon organized a factory of plates. Louis designed and oversaw everything. By 1895, the factory employed more than 300 workers, produced fifteen million dry plates annually, and was a leader in photographic equipment. During this time, his father was semi-retired, spending his days painting, and the two brothers were consistently working on new inventions. Although they worked as a team on nearly everything, Louis was considered the sole inventor of the Cinématographe, having solved its problems during a night of insomnia in 1894. The Cinématographe was not only small and light; it also had the miraculous capability of filming, projecting, and printing. This meant that an operator could serve as a complete production crew: he or she could be sent anywhere in the world to give showings, shoot new films by day, develop films in his or her hotel room, and show them to the public that very night. Because of this, the Lumière's sent dozens of operators to film and present shows across Europe, Russia, and Great Britain. Cinématographe's debuts in London and New York were similar to that of Paris—slow at first, but eventually a shocking success. Cinema quickly became part of music hall programs and Cinématographe shows gained permanent residence.
which of the following technological developments would most closely resemble the innovation of the cinematographe? A) a fishing boat that travels faster and on less fuel per trip, greatly enhancing the cost-effectiveness of fishing companies and the availability of fish in inland markets B) an automated clothing machine that fits in the back of a truck and can produce complete outfits in minutes from designs created on its computer, greatly reducing the time needed to create custom- tailored outfits for consumers C) a camera that can survive atmosperis re-entry, greatly increasing the number of pictures of outer space possible per taxpayer dollar spent D) a factory assembly line requiring only two operators that can produce luxury vehicles inexpensively, greatly increasing the market penetration of luxury vehicles
A spacesuit consists of several pieces. The Hard Upper Torso covers the astronaut's chest. The arm assembly covers the arms and connects to the gloves. The helmet and Extravehicular Visor Assembly are designed to protect the astronaut's head while still allowing him or her to see as much as possible. The Lower Torso Assembly covers the astronaut's legs and feet. The flexible parts of the suit are made from several layers of material. The layers perform different functions, from keeping oxygen within the spacesuit to protecting from space dust. Underneath the spacesuit, astronauts wear a Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment. Tubes are woven into this tight-fitting piece of clothing that covers the entire body except for the head, hands and feet. Water flows through these tubes to keep the astronaut cool during spacewalks. On the back of the spacesuit is a backpack called the Primary Life Support Subsystem. This backpack contains the oxygen that astronauts breathe during spacewalks. It also removes carbon dioxide that astronauts exhale. The backpack also provides electricity for the suit. A fan moves the oxygen through the spacesuit and life support systems, and a water tank holds the cooling water that flows through the Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment.
which paragraph explains how spacesuits prevent overheating during a spacewalk? A) paragraph 1 B) paragraph 2 C) paragraph 3 D) paragraph 4
authors tone
writing about: against criminalization of marijuana in the US. Purpose: Persuade Point of View: strongly against Tone: negative, angry OR.... could be positive, hopeful tone (in favor of decriminalization)
multifunctioning
բազմաֆունկցիոնալություն
explain
բացատրել
comet
գիսաստղ
still in the air
դեռեւս օդում
suspect
ենթադրել, կասկածել
considerable
զգալի, դիտարկելի
hidden
թաքնված, latent
tree trunks
ծառի բներ
bluish-white
կապտավուն-սպիտակ
matter
հարց, նյութ, բուն իմաստ
flattened radially away
հեռացան/հարթեցված ճառագայթից դուրս
powerful
հզոր, potent, mighty, forceful,
branchless trunks
ճյուղերից զուրկ բներ
branches
մասնաճյուղեր
haze
մեգ
a number of bizarre
մի շարք հանելուկային/ֆանտաստիկա
observe
նկատել
stripped
շերտ-շերտ մերկացրած, կլպած, զոլերով
blast
պայթյուն, explosion
cause
պատճառը
stony
քարքարոտ
alien
օտար