Topic 9: late adulthood

Which of the following is a way of preventing osteoporosis in middle-aged women? a. eating foods rich in fiber b. avoiding smoking c. reducing weight d. increasing the intake of vitamin B

b. avoiding smoking

According to Denise Park and Patricia Reuter-Lorenz, neurocognitive ________ involves the use of complementary, neural circuits to protect cognitive functioning in an aging brain. A) scaffolding B) bypassing C) extension D) regeneration

A) scaffolding

Which of the following statements is true of the hormonal stress theory of aging? A) It attempts to explain aging at genetic and cellular levels. B) It argues that when faced with external challenges such as stressful situations, the human body adapts by altering internal physiological processes. C) It states that natural selection has not eliminated many harmful conditions and nonadaptive characteristics in older adults. D) It states that people age because normal metabolic processes within their cells produce unstable oxygen molecules known as free radicals.

B) It argues that when faced with external challenges such as stressful situations, the human body adapts by altering internal physiological processes.

Which of the following is a probable reason for the decline in working memory in older adults? a. increased distractibility b. efficient inhibition c. tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon d. lowered implicit memory

a. increased distractibility

Which of the following factors is most likely to contribute to the decline in fluid mechanics in late adulthood? a. decline in writing skills b. decline in processing speed c. decline in language comprehension d. decline in life skills

b. decline in processing speed

Robert Butler states that life review is set in motion by a. retrospective glances on life's worth. b. looking forward to death. c. handing over the legacy to the next generation. X d. conflicting views of wisdom against integrity.

b. looking forward to death.

Ramya is an 80-year-old woman who suffers from dementia. She attends therapy sessions in which the clinician uses photographs and video recordings to encourage discussions about Rama's past activities and experiences. The therapy sessions help reduce Ramya's depressive symptoms and improve her self-acceptance. Baged on this information, it can be inferred that the clinician uses ________ therapy. a. gestalt b. reminiscence c. schema d. drama

b. reminiscence

In 2015, which of the following countries had the highest estimated life expectancy at birth? a. the United States b. Swaziland c. Monaco d. Afghanistan

c. Monaco

Which of the following is a compensation strategy suggested by Bales and his colleagues? a. Focus on the most important goal at a particular time. b. To reach a particular goal, you may need to abandon other goals. c. Persevere and keep trying until you reach your goal. d. If things do not go well for you, be willing to let others help you.

d. If things do not go well for you, be willing to let others help you.

Gisela is suffering from a condition that involves thickening of the lenses of her eyes. This causes her vision to become cloudy or distorted. Identify the condition that Gisela is suffering from. a. glaucoma b. nearsightedness c. macular degeneration d. cataracts

d. cataracts