Translation: from Nucleic Acid to Amino Acid
True/False: An mRNA molecule transcribed from DNA is shorter than the genetic message it carries.
False
True/False: DNA template is needed in order for translation to occur?
False
True/False: The ribosomes of prokaryotes and eukaryotes are the same in structure and function.
False
True/False: A ribosome consists of two subunits.
True
True/False: During polypeptide initiation, an mRNA, the first amino acid attached to its tRNA, and the two subunits of a ribosome are brought together.
True
True/False: During the first step of initiation, an mRNA molecule binds to a small ribosomal subunit.
True
True/False: Each ribosome has two binding sites for tRNA.
True
True/False: Subunits of RNA are made of proteins and ribosomal RNA.
True
True/False: Translation consists of initiation, elongation, and termination.
True
The bonds that hold tRNA molecules in the correct three-dimensional shape are _____.
hydrogen bonds
The tRNA anticodon, GAC, is complementary to the mRNA codon with the sequence _____.
CUG
In eukaryotes, the process of transcription is controlled by _____.
DNA
The nucleotide sequence of a DNA codon is GTA. A messenger RNA molecule with a complementary codon is transcribed from the DNA. In the process of protein synthesis, a tRNA pairs with the mRNA codon. What is the nucleotide sequence of the tRNA anticodon?
GUA
The initiator tRNA attaches at the ribosome's _____ site.
P
Translation takes place in the _____?
cytoplasm
The function of tRNA during protein synthesis is to _____.
deliver amino acids to their proper site during protein synthesis
An anticodon is _____.
a set of triplet bases that is complementary to a codon triplet on mRNA
During translation in a eukaryotic cell, _____.
polypeptides are synthesized at ribosomes, according to instructions carried by mRNA
At the start of translation, where does the initiator tRNA bind?
start codon on the mRNA molecule
Joining to only one specific type of amino acid is a function of a _____?
tRNA molecule
In a eukaryotic cell, transcription takes place in _____.
the nucleus
If protein production were an assembly line, a ribosome would be _____.
the worker who puts all of the pieces together
The translation process in eukaryotes requires all of the following: _____.
transfer RNA, ribosomes, AUG codons
A new organism is discovered that has six different nucleotides that encode 30 different amino acids. What nucleotide combinations would encode the minimum number of amino acids needed in this organism?
two-nucleotide sequence