Trauma Overview Chapter 22

Air bags decrease injury to all of the following EXCEPT: A. chest B. heart C. face D. head

B. heart

Your patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13, a systolic blood pressure of 80 mm Hg, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/min, his Revised Trauma Score (RTS) is: A. 9 B. 8 C. 10 D. 11

A. 9

Your awareness and concern for potentially serious obvious and underlying injuries is referred to as the: A. mechanism of injury B. index of suspicion C. scene size-up D. general impression

B. index of suspicion

Which of the following is considered a type of impact from a motor vehicle collision? A. ejection B. rollover C. crush D. peneration

B. rollover

The amount of kinetic energy that is converted to do work on the body dictates the _____ of the injury. A. location B. severity C. cause D. speed

B. severity

A fall from more than _____ times the patient's height is considered to be significant. A. two B. three C. four D. five

B. three

A comprehensive regional resource capable of providing every aspect of trauma care from prevention through rehabilitation " is the definition of a _____ trauma center. A. Level I B Level II C. Level III D. Level IV

A. Level I

In a motor vehicle collision, as the passenger's head hits the windshield, the brain continues to move forward until it strikes the inside of the skull, resulting in a _____ injury. A. compression B. laceration C. lateral D. motion

A. compression

Significant clues to the possibility of sever injuries in motor vehicle collisions include: A. death of a passenger B. a blown out tired C. broken glass D. a deployed air bag

A. death of a passenger

Two of the MOST common mechanisms of injury for blunt trauma are: A. falls and motor vehicle collisions B. motor vehicle collisions and stabbings C. low-caliber gunshot wounds and falls D. gunshot wounds and vehicle ejections

A. falls and motor vehicle collisions

A driver involved in a rollover motor vehicle crash will MOST likely experience serious injuries or death if he or she: A. is ejected or partially ejected B. experiences multiple impacts C. is wearing only a lap belt D. remains within the vehicle

A. is ejected or partially ejected

Damage to the body that resulted from a pressure wave generated by an explosion is found in what type of blast: A. primary B. secondary C. tertiary D. miscellaneous

A. primary

Internal injuries caused by gunshot wounds are difficult to predict because: A. the bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body B. exit wounds caused by the bullet are usually small C. the area of damage is usually smaller than the bullet D. the caliber of the bullet is frequently unknown

A. the bullet may tumble or ricochet within the body

Optimally, on-scene time for critically injured patients should be less than _____ minutes. A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 20

B. 10

_____ impacts are probably the number one cause of death associated with motor vehicle collisions. A. Frontal B. Lateral C. Rear-end D. Rollover

B. Lateral

Which of the following is not considered a type of impact associated with a motorcycle crash? A. Head-on B. Rotational C. Controlled D. Ejection

B. Rotational

When evaluating the mechanism of injury of a car versus pedestrian collision, you should first: A. determine if the patient was propelled away from the vehicle. B. approximate the speed of the vehicle that struck the pedestrian C. evaluate the vehicle that struck the patient for structural damage D. determine if the patient was struck and pulled under the vehicle

B. approximate the speed of the vehicle that struck the pedestrian

A contusion to a patient's forehead along with a spider-webbed windshield suggests possible injury to the: A. nose B. brain C. face D. heart

B. brain

"For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction" is: A. Newton's first law B. Newton's second law C. Newton's third law D. a false statement

C. Newton's third law

The three collisions in a frontal impact include all of the following EXCEPT: A. car striking object B. passenger striking vehicle C. air bag striking passenger D. internal organs striking solid structures of the body

C. air bag striking passenger

Energy can be: A. created B. destroyed C. converted D. all of the above

C. converted

Air bags are designed to: A. be used with or without a shoulder harness B. prevent the driver from sustaining head trauma C. decrease the severity of deceleration injuries D. prevent a second collision inside the car

C. decrease the severity of deceleration injuries

Which of the following findings would be LEAST suggestive of the presence of high-energy trauma? A. steering wheel deformity B. dismounted seats C. deployment of the air bag D. intrusion into the vehicle

C. deployment of the air bag

The most common life-threatening event in a rollover is ____ or partial ejection of the passenger from the vehicle. A. vehicle intrusion B. centrifugal force C. ejection D. spinal cord injury

C. ejection

Medium-velocity penetrating injuries may be caused by a: A. knife B. military assault rifle C. handgun D. sling-shot

C. handgun

The energy of a moving object is called: A. potential energy B. thermal energy C. kinetic energy D. work

C. kinetic energy

Your quick primary assessment of the patient and evaluation of the _____ can help to direct lifesaving care and provide critical information to the hospital staff. A. environment B. index of suspicion C. mechanism of injury D. abdominal area

C. mechanism of injury

While en route to a major motor vehicle crash, an on-scene police officer advises you that a 6-year old male who was riding in the front seat is involved. He further states that the child was only wearing a lap belt and that the air bag deployed. On the basis of this information, you should MOST suspicious that the child has experienced: A. open abdominal trauma B. blunt trauma to the head C. neck and facial injuries D. lower extremity fractures

C. neck and facial injuries

When the speed of a motor vehicle doubles, the amount of kinetic energy: A. triples B. is not affected C. quadruples D. doubles

C. quadruples

If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are kills in a crash, the EMT should: A. rapidly asses only the survivors who have experiences obvious trauma B. transport the survivors only if they have injuries or complain of pain C. suspect that all living occupants experiences the same serious trauma D. allow the survivors to refuse transport if they have no obvious injuries

C. suspect that all living occupants experiences the same serious trauma

Patients suffering from an open wound to the neck may suffer from all of the following EXCEPT: A. significant bleeding B. air embolism C. tension pneumothorax D. subcutaneous crepitation

C. tension pnumonthorax

Which of the following injuries would MOST likely occur as a direct result of the third collision in a motor vehicle crash? A. extremity fractures B. forehead lacerations C. flail chest D. aortic rupture

D, aortic repture

Burns from hot gases and respiratory injuries from inhaling toxic gas are associated with which type of blast injury? A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary D. Miscellaneous

D. Miscellaneous

By what mechanism is a person injuries when he or she falls from a significant height? A. Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy; the potential energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop. B. As the person falls, the amount of kinetic energy is converted into work; work is then converted to kinetic energy upon impact. C. Potential energy is created as the person is falling; the potential energy is then converted into kinetic energy upon impact. D. Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.

D. Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy is then converted into the work of bringing the body to a stop.

Which of the following is NOT considered appropriate use of air medical services? A. The distance to a trauma center is greater than 25 miles. B. Traffic/road conditions make it unlikely to get the patient to the hospital in a timely manner. C. There is a mass-casualty incident. D. The closest trauma center is 10 minutes away by ground transport.

D. The closest trauma center is 10 minutes away by ground transport

A 12 year old male jumped approximately 12' from a tree and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his lower back. What injury mechanism is MOST likely responsible for his back pain? A. secondary fall after the initial impact B. direct trauma to the spinal column C. lateral impact to the spine D. energy transmission to the spine

D. energy transmission to the spine

In contrast to a Level III trauma center, a Level I trauma center must: A. be involved in trauma prevention programs B. be able to stabilize patients before transferring to a higher level facility C. have access to an emergency physician within 30 minutes D. have general surgeons that are in-house 24 hours a day

D. have general surgeons that are in-house 24 hours a day

Which of the following is the MOST common cause of death from a blast injury? A. amputation B. burns C. chest trauma D. head trauma

D. head trauma

A patient complaining of chest tightness, coughing up blood, and subcutaneous emphysema following an explosion may be suffering from a: A. myocardial blast injury B. ruptured tympanic membrane C. ruptured peritoneal cavity D. pulmonary blast injury

D. pulmonary blast injury

All of the following are considered types of motorcycle impacts EXCEPT: A. head-on collision B. angular collision C. controlled crash D. rear collision

D. rear collision