Understanding Nutrition Chapter 5
Approximately what percentage of the lipids in foods are triglycerides?
95
What percentage of stored body fat is in the form of triglycerides?
99
Your roommate Jeff wishes to switch from using corn oil to using one that is good source of omega 3 fats. Which of the following should be recommended?
Canola oil
Which of the following is a characteristic of eggs in nutrition?
Consumption of one egg per day by most people is not considered detrimental
Which of the following has the highest percentage of its fats in polyunsaturated form?
Corn oil
Which of the following is considered a major source of polyunsaturated fat?
Corn oil
Which of the following represents a chief source of short-chain and medium-chain fatty acids?
Dairy
Which of the following is a common source of medium-chain fatty acids?
Dairy Products
Which of the following is a factor that determines the hardness of a fat at a given temperature?
Degree of saturation
Which of the following is an omega-3 fat?
Docosahexaenoic acid
Among the following, which would be the least effective method to control blood cholesterol levels?
Eat more insoluble fiber
What is the major source of "good" cholesterol?
Endogenous synthesis
What nutrient is used to form ketones?
Fat
Which of the following is not a common dietary source of trans fats?
Whole milk
You and your friend John are planning a college graduation party and you want to include healthy snack alternatives. You select fruit, veggies, low fat dips, low fat cheeses, whole wheat crackers, and low fat potato chips. John says he had heard about the fat replacer olestra in the potato chips and asks you how it works. You reply that olestra....
contains a fat-like substance that the body's enzymes cant break down and therefore cannot be absorbed
Bile is known to assist in the absorption of
fat only
The results of blood test that reveal a person's total cholesterol and triglycerides are called a?
lipid profile
A high risk of heart attack correlates with high blood levels of
low-density lipoproteins
Studies show that regular consumption of fatty fish leads to?
lower blood pressure
A person who regularly consumes fish such as shark, king mackerel, and swordfish is at risk for ingesting potentially toxic amounts of
mercury
An important function of fat in the body is to
protect vital organs against shock
Information on a food label about the fat content per serving includes all of the following except?
the percentage of total kcalories contributed by fat
An omega-3 fatty acid has its first double bond on the..
third carbon from the methyl en
All of the following statements are characteristics of lipid intake of U.S. adults excepts..
trans-fatty acid averages about 1 g per day
Jenny is trying to lose weight by decreasing the fat in her diet. At the grocery store she is overwhelmed by all the claims on the food product labels, and finally chooses an expensive fat-free frozen dessert. Which of the following would be an appropriate analysis of Jenny's decision?
Fat-free products typically have so much added sugar that the kcalorie count can be as high as in the regular-fat product
What is the chemical composition of fats?
Fatty acids and glycerol
Which of the following foods provides(s) essential fatty acids?
Fish, beef, and plants
Which of the following is a good plant source of omega-3 lipids?
Flax seeds
Which of the following provides abundant amounts of omega-3 fatty acids?
Flaxseed oil
What is the storage site of bile?
Gallbladder
What lipoprotein is responsible for transporting cholesterol back to the liver from the periphery?
High-density lipoprotein
Which of the following describes a feature of cis-fatty acids and trans-fatty acids?
In the body, trans-fatty acids are metabolized more like saturated fats than like unsaturated fats.
Which of the following is a feature of fat intake and health?
Intake of saturated fat raises blood cholesterol more than intake of cholesterol
Which of the following is a characteristic of the blood cholesterol level?
It can be lowered more effectively by reducing dietary intake of saturated fat than of cholesterol
Which of the following is a feature of olestra in foods?
It causes no net loss of fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive tract
How is soluble fiber in the diet thought to help lower blood cholesterol level
It enhances excretion of bile leading to increased cholesterol turnover
Which of the following is a drawback of olestra consumption?
It inhibits absorption of vitamin E
Which of the following is a characteristic of cholesterol?
It is a precursor for bile and vitamin D synthesis
Which of the following is a feature of cholesterol?
Its Daily Value is 300 mg
Which of the following is appropriate dietary advice for reducing fat intake
Limit intake of all fried foods because they contain abundant fat
Which of the following is a polyunsaturated fatty acids in foods?
Linoleic acid
Which of the following lipids is an essential nutrient?
Linoleic acid
Which of the following substances cannot be absorbed directly into the blood?
Long-chain fatty acids
Your roommate Bob has just come back from the doctor where he was subjected to blood lipid profile analysis. The doctor provided him with dietary changes because the cholesterol results put him at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Which of the following results is consistent with the diagnosis?
Low HDL and high LDL
Which of the following is a feature of polyunsaturated fats?
Low melting point
Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol?
Low-density lipoprotein
What type of fatty acid is found in high amounts in olive oil?
Monoun
Which of the following describes a fatty acid that has one double bond?
Monounsaturated
Your Aunt Gladys has a family history of heart disease. She decides to begin eating a bowl of oatmeal every morning to help lower her blood cholesterol. After about a month of following this routine, her cholesterol declined about 5 points. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this effect?
Oatmeal is high in soluble fibers that trap bile, causing the body to use more cholesterol for bile replacement
Which of the following is a feature of the lipid content of foods?
Omega-3 fats are found in fish
Which of the following is a feature of cholesterol?
Only about 10% of the body's total cholesterol is extracellular
Which of the following foods contains cholesterol?
Roasted Turkey
Which of the following sources would yield the softest lipids at room temperature?
Safflower
Ronnie east a fairly balanced diet but wants to include a good source of omega-3 fats. Which of the following should be your recommendation?
Salmon
Which of the following fish is generally highest in mercury?
Shark
Which of the following is a feature of phospholipids?
Soluble in both water and fat
Which of the following contains the least cholesterol per serving?
Steamed Corn
Among the following dietary fatty acids, which has been found to raise blood cholesterol level by the least amount?
Stearic
Which of the following is a common dietary saturated fatty acid?
Stearic acid
Which of the following does not describe a function of fat?
Supplies up to 25% of the body's energy needs during rest
Which of the following is feature of cholesterol?
Synthesized by the body
Which of the following vegetable oils is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids?
Canola
Approximately how many milligrams of cholesterol are found in an egg?
200
Approximately how many grams of fat would be contained in an 800-kcalorie meal that provides 50% of the energy from carbohydrates, 20% from protein, and the remainder from fat?
27
A meal providing 1200 kcalories contains 10g of saturated fats, 14g of monounsaturated fats, and 20g of polyunsaturated fats. What percentage of energy supplied by the lipids?
33
What is the approximate daily trans-fatty acid intake in the United States?
6 g
Approximately how many carbons are contained in a medium-chain fatty acid?
6-10
Approximately what percentage of the body's energy needs at rest is supplied by fat?
60
Which of the following is not a destination for cholesterol?
Accumulates on walls of veins
What is the major sterol in the diet?
Cholesterol
Which of the following cannot be found in plants?
Cholesterol
Which of the following is known as a tropical oil?
Cocoa butter
Which of the following has the highest percentage of its fat in saturated form?
Coconut oil
Which of the following characteristics is shared by olive oil and canola oil?
Both contain high levels of monounsaturated fatty acids
Which of the following is a feature of butter and margarine?
Butter contains more saturated fat and cholesterol than margarine does
Which of the following lipids contain(s) saturated fat?
Butter, cottonseed oil, and soybean oil
Lipids differ in their degree of saturation of unsaturation due to their number of
double bonds
Lipids that are solid at room temperature are known as?
fats.
A triglyceride always contains 3
fatty acids
A Low risk of cardiovascular disease correlates with high blood levels of
high-density lipoproteins
A common feature of the plant sterols is they
inhibit absorption of dietary cholesterol
Important factors in the selection of a margarine product includes all of the following except?
it should contain primarily omega-3 fatty acids
Each of the following is known to be linked to excessive intake of fats except
lactose intolerance
In comparison to a low-density lipoprotein, a high density lipoprotein contains?
less lipid
Lipids that are liquid at room temperature are known as
oils
What compound is composed of 3 fatty acids and glycerol?
Triglyceride
Which of the following is a feature of metabolism?
Triglycerides in the blood must first be broken down to monoglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol prior to uptake by the adipose cells
A food that represents a visible fat would be
butter
Major sources of cholesterol include all of the following except?
Avocados
Which of the following is a characteristic of egg nutrition?
Although it is high in cholesterol, the egg is low in saturated fat
A compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with 3 fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol would be known as a
triglyceride
In which form are most dietary lipids found
triglyceride