Unit 1 heavily tested items- JBL tests
A 42 year old female patient reports severe upper right quadrant abdominal pain. They share that the pain began about two hours after they ate a burger and fries for lunch. Based on this information, you suspect that the patient is experiencing.
cholecystitis
When caring for an unresponsive, clinically unstable patient symptomatic bradycardia, what is the most immediate priority?
Ensure adequate ventilation and oxygenation
Adrenal insufficiency is characterized by decreased function of the adrenal cortex and consequence underproduction of which of the following
Cortisol and aldosterone
Upon assessing a patient, you notice that the patient exhibits a "buffalo hump" and moderate acne. Based on these findings, you suspect that the patient has which of the following conditions.
Cushing syndrome
A QRS complex with a duration of how many seconds or more signifies abnormal ventricular conduction
0.12
A difference greater than how many millimeters is worth noting when assessing the equality of pupil size
1.0
A patient is found in the decerebrate posturing position. What score would you assign the motor activity using the GCS scale
2
Hypoglycemia occurs when blood glucose levels drop below which level
45
Depolarization occurs when
cell wall permeability changes and sodium rushes into the cell.
In an unresponsive patient, trismus can indicate
cerebral hypoxia
A loud S3 heart sound, when heard in older adults, often signifies:
heart failure
Blood tinged sputum can be caused by
heart failure
A patient reports that they have been experiencing diarrhea for three days. They tell you that they have also been experiencing muscle weakness and cramps. Based on these symptoms, you suspect that the patient is experiencing which electrolyte imbalance.
hyponatremia
A patient with orthopnea
seeks a sitting position when short of breath.
The peripheral nervous system is responsible for
sending messages to and receiving messages from the brain.
Quit tachypnea suggests possible
shock
EKG monitoring of a patient with a suspected urologic emergency is especially important because of
the potential for electrolyte imbalances and their effect on the heart
Atrial kick is defined as:
the volume of blood that the atria contract to the ventricles
Diaphoresis is usually a sign of severe distress in patients who are experiencing
thyrotoxicosis
In patients with chronic kidney disease, it is most important that you frequently assess, which of the following
Mental status
A patient reports that their chest discomfort begins in the center of their chest and radiates to their back. Based on this information, you suspect that the patient may have.
acute aortic dissection
A patient shares that they are having difficulty breathing. When you ask how long they have been experiencing this symptom, the patient tells you that they have noticed it over the last month. They also share that it occurs most upon exertion. You suspect the patient may be exhibit, signs of a:
acute pulmonary embolism
Myelin functions by
allowing the neuron to send its signal consistently along the axon without losing its electricity.
A 26 year old female female, patient reports bloating and moderate abdominal pain that is relieved by a bowel movement. The patient shares that they were recently diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome, and you suspect that they are experiencing a flare up of the condition. Pre-Hospital management should include..
analgesia
Bilateral pitting edema may be a sign of
Right ventricular failure (RVF)
The right atrium, right ventricle, and part of the left ventricle are supplied by
Right coronary artery
cor pulmonale is defined as
Right sided heart failure secondary to chronic lung disease
Diabetes is defined as
a metabolic disorder in which the body's ability to metabolize simple carbohydrates is impaired.
Most urinary tract infections
occur in women due to the relatively short urethra and its close proximity to the vagina and rectum.
You should consider air medical transportation for a stroke patient if you are more than how many minutes away from a stroke center
60
A person who experiences sharp chest pain followed by increasing dyspnea after coughing, likely has
A pneumothorax
A decrease in the bodies water content triggers the release of
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Which of the following conditions would likely cause the blood pressure to vary between the left and right arm?
Aortic aneurysm
When responding to a patient with G.I. distress in their home, you examine their stool and notice that it is black, tarry, sticky, and very odorous. You would suspect that the patient is experiencing.
Bleeding from the upper G.I. tract
A high level of oxygen to the brain of a patient with a hemorrhagic stroke and increased intracranial pressure
Causes vasoconstriction and can impair brain perfusion
A patient presents with a barrel chest, muscle wasting, and pursed lip breathing. These symptoms are a sign of which condition?
Emphysema
Which of the following symptoms would you expect to assess in a patient who is bleeding from the large intestine?
Hematochezia
You should suspect which of the following conditions if the patient has muscle weakness, and tall peaked T waves on the EKG
Hyperkalemia
Which of the following is the leading preventable cause of strokes and TIA's
Hypertension
Bradycardia and hypotension following and over aggressive dialysis treatment are indicative of
Hypokalemia
The most immediate and significant complication associated with a hemorrhagic stroke is
Increased intracranial pressure
Hypokalemia impacts cardiac function in which of the following way?
Increased myocardial irritability
A patient with pancreatitis would most likely present with pain that
Is localized to the epigastric area and may radiate to the back
A persons level of consciousness is regulated by the
Reticular activating system
Which condition is characterized by a P wave with an amplitude higher than 2.5 mm in lead II and/ or higher than 1.5 mm in lead V1?
Right atrial abnormality
A 72 year old, patient reports intense pain that starts in the flank and migrates towards the groin. Their blood pressure is elevated and they are tachycardic. Since the patient is older, recognize that these symptoms can lead to
Myocardial infarction
A patient reports a constant and continual slow flow of urine. You understand that overflow and continents may be caused by which of the following conditions
Nerve damage from diabetes
Difficulty with exhalation is most characteristic of
Obstructive lung disease
Unstable angina
Often awakens the patient from his or her sleep
A patient reports a constant dull, epigastric pain that worsens when they are in the supine position. After collecting the patient's vitals, you record that the patient is experiencing a fever and tachycardia. You recognize that these symptoms are most likely a sign of.
Pancreatitis
Which condition may produce ST segment elevation, mimicking acute myocardial infarction
Pericarditis
Patients with pneumonia often experience a coughing fit when they roll over from one side to the other because
Pneumonia often occurs in the lung bases, typically on only one side
Which of the following clinical presentations is most consistent with thyrotoxicosis
Severe tachycardia, fever, nausea, vomiting, and confusion
More than half of all cases of chronic kidney disease are caused by
Systemic diseases, such as diabetes
The most common cause of addisonian crisis is
abrupt termination of corticosteroid use.
A dehydrated patient who is hemodynamically stable should receive
a hypotonic solution at 125mL/hr
The pain associated with a kidney stone most often
begins in the flank region and radiates to the groin.
Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism include
bradycardia and sluggish reflexes.
A patient with which condition is likely to describe that their pain tends to increase with bending over or laying supine
esophagitis
The bodies immediate response to mild hypoxemia is
increased heart rate
Unlike peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis:
involves the circulation of blood through a machine.
A prolonged QT interval indicates that the heart
is experiencing an extended refractory period, making the ventricles more vulnerable to dysrhythmias.
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea may be a sign of
left sided heart failure
Hepatic encephalopathy is a condition in which
liver disease causes reduced brain function.
A 52 year old man complains of severe abdominal pain, but denies nausea or vomiting. He is conscious and alert, has a blood pressure of 130/70, a HR of 120, and a RR of 20. You should administer.
meperidine hydrochloride
A patient with type two diabetes reports an increased appetite. In your assessment notes, you record that the patient is exhibiting.
polyphagia
Hypotension, tachycardia, dizziness, and thirst are signs and symptoms of which type of acute kidney injury
prerenal
A patient's peripheral pulses become extremely weak during inhalation. This is called.
pulses paradoxus