UNIT 1 PREP U MATERNITY

The influence of progesterone leads to decreased peristalsis in the pregnant woman. True or false

True

The optimal time for alpha-fetoprotein screening is 16 to 18 weeks of gestation. T or F

True

The placenta essentially takes over the functions of the lungs and liver during fetal life.

True

The seminal vesicles secrete an alkaline fluid. True or false

True

There are no diagnostic tests to reliably determine the existence of premenstrual disorder. T or F

True

Victims of abuse rarely describe themselves as abused. T or F

True

The _________ is a canal that connects the external genitals to the uterus.

Vagina

The external female reproductive organs collectively are called the ___________.

Vulva

The absence of menses is called _____________.

amenorrhea

Fear of the batterer often motivates a pregnant woman to escape an abusive relationship. T or F

False; fear of harm to unbron child may be motivator though *

The caregiver of a 10-year-old male client tells the nurse, "He is already showing signs of puberty. He has facial hair and his voice has changed. I want to have his hormone levels tested." Which response by the nurse is appropriate? "I will let the health care provider know you are concerned." "This is normal for his age. Puberty can begin as early as 8 years of age."

" This is normal for his age. Puberty can begin as early as 8 years of age." While the average age for puberty to begin in males is 12 years of age, it can occur anytime between the ages of 8 and 14. When the primary androgenic hormone testosterone rises, it influences the following: pubertal changes in the testes, scrotum, penis, prostate, and seminal vesicles; the appearance of male pubic, axillary, and facial hair; laryngeal enlargement with its accompanying voice change; maturation of spermatozoa; and closure of growth plates in long bones (termed adrenarche). Stating the client's hormone levels should be tested is inaccurate and unnecessary as this is an expected developmental change. Determining if the client's father had the same experience or only notifying the primary health care provider does not address the caregiver's concerns.

Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are divided into four groups: intrusive, _____________, hyperarousal, and cognitive and mood symptoms.

Avoidance

When are lungs fully shaped

16 weeks

Fetal gender can be determined at

16 weeks gestation

A pregnant woman with heart disease would most likely develop cardiac decompensation from 28 to ______ weeks of gestation.

32

The recommended amount of weight gain during pregnancy is 25 to ____ pounds.

35

A nurse is counseling women on birth control choices. Which woman is the best candidate for an IUD?

A woman who has one partner and three children. A women who is in a stable monogamous relationship and has already had one successful pregnancy is the best candidate for an IUD. An IUD is not without risk to a woman. IUDs do not protect against STIs. PID may be caused by IUDs. A woman in her twenties has several better, lower risk options.

Presumptive signs of pregnancy are a positive indicator of pregnancy. True or False

False

A nurse is conducting a sexual health education class about the structures and events of semen production. Which component will the students identify as responsible for semen production if the teaching has been successful? SATA testes accessory gland alkaline fluids sperm

Accessory gland alkaline fluids Sperm The alkaline fluids from the accessory glands and sperm combine to form a thick, whitish secretion termed semen or seminal fluid. The testes and seminiferous tubules within the testes are where sperm are produced. The vas deferens is the muscular tube in which sperm begin their journey out of the man's body. It connects the epididymis with the ejaculatory duct.

Pregnant women commonly experience the emotional response of __________ during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Ambivalence

___________ is routinely offered to all older pregnant women for early detection of chromosomal abnormalities.

Amniocentesis

In the fetus, the ductus ___________ connects the main pulmonary artery to the aorta.

Arteriosus

The ideal time for genetic counseling is _________ conception.

Before

Monitoring basal body temperature is an example of a _____________ method of contraception.

Behavioral

Mom takes tetracycline while pregnant, what are you concerned about

Bones & teeth of fetus

Female genital mutilation is also known as female __________.

Circumscision

Date rape drugs are also known as "________ drugs."

Club

The goal of intervening with a victim of abuse is to enable her to gain ___________ of her life.

Control

____________ is the most common congenital and perinatal viral infection in the world.

Cytomegalovirus

The cervix refers to the uppermost portion of the uterus. true or false

False

The external male reproductive structures are the testes, ductal system, and accessory glands. True or False?

False

The fetal stage is the first stage of fetal development during pregnancy. True or false

False

The ________forms the central nervous system, special senses, skin, and glands.

Ectoderm

___________ refers to a condition in which functioning endometrial tissue is found outside the uterine cavity.

Endometriosis

At 12 weeks' gestation, the uterine fundus can be palpated at the umbilicus. T or F

F

A contraction stress test is commonly performed in place of a biophysical profile. T or F

False

A glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) level of 8% in a woman with pregestational diabetes indicates that blood glucose levels are well controlled.

False

A woman with genital herpes must undergo a cesarean birth.

False

Acquired heart disease is typically rheumatic in origin.

False

Acyclovir is the drug of choice for treating group B streptococcal infections.

False

Beginning development of brain, spinal cord, and heart occurs around week 8 of embryonic development. True or false?

False

Bone loss accelerates in the third or fourth decade and declines rapidly after menopause. T or F

False

Breast-feeding her newborn is encouraged in a mother with tuberculosis who is receiving medication therapy.

False

Elevated hCG levels are a positive sign of pregnancy. T or F

False

The _______ stage is the time from the end of the 8th week until birth.

Fetal

Urinary frequency is a common complaint during the _______ and third trimesters.

First

Mom is exposed to rubella during pregnancy, what defects are you concered about

Hearing loss, deafness, cardiac abnormalties.

Varicosities of the rectum, or ________, result from progesterone-induced vasodilation and the pressure of the enlarging uterus.

Hemorrhoids

A nurse witnesses a peer tell a client, "You are a mother now and you have to do what is best for you baby. You have to breastfeed her!" Which is the best action by the nurse?

Pull the nurse aside and inquire as to the content of the conversation. The nurse overheard just a small portion of the conversation between the client and the peer nurse. The best action would be to inquire as to the content of the conversation and then determine if the peer nurse's comments were appropriate. If the comments were inappropriate, the nurse would then need to fill out an incident report.

__________ is the drug of choice for maintaining glycemic control in pregnant women.

Insulin

A pictorial analysis of the number, form, and size of an individual's chromosomes is termed ___________.

Karyotype

The __________ method of preparing for labor involves the use of specific breathing and relaxation techniques.

Lamaze

Food allergies are ________ likely to develop in a breast-fed baby.

Less

A nursing instructor is teaching a session investigating infant mortality as a standard measurement of the quality of health care in the country. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which factors as contributing to the high numbers of deaths in the United States? Select all that apply.

Many factors contribute to the high infant mortality rates in the United States. Some of the most common factors are low gestational age and prematurity, congenital deformities and chromosomal abnormalities, and maternal complications such as cervical insufficiency, multiple births, and premature rupture of membranes. Female infants have lower mortality rates than males, and the best outcomes are in mothers who give birth between 30 and 34 years of age.

The cessation of regular menstrual cycles is termed ____________.

Menopause

____________ is the normal, predictable physiologic process in which the endometrial lining is expelled.

Menstruation

Sickle cell disease is an example of an autosomal __________ inherited disorder.

Recessive

In sickle cell disease, the abnormal hemoglobin _______ replaces hemoglobin A and A2.

S

Mom takes mercurcy in fish or some other way while pregnant what are you concered about

Neurological defects

The DEXA scan is a screening test for detecting _____________.

Osteoporosis

A person's observable outward characteristics are called his or her ___________.

Phenotype

The compulsive ingestion of nonfood substances is termed ________.

Pica

The ___________ is a unique endocrine gland with the ability to form protein and steroid hormones.

Placenta

Oxytocin, responsible for uterine contractions, is released from the ________ pituitary gland.

Posterior

Increased vaginal discharge during the first trimester is a normal finding. T or F

True

Nagele's rule to determine the expected date of birth is inaccurate for women with irregular menstrual cycles. T or F

True

Rape is a legal term rather than a medical term. True or false

True

A perimenopausal woman asks for help in selecting a contraceptive. She reports vaginal dryness during intercourse and says that her partner does not like the feel of condoms. Which method should the nurse recommend?

Spermicide Women older than 35 years have a higher incidence of cystocele or rectocele than younger women, so diaphragms or cervical caps may not be the ideal contraceptive for them. Spermicide foam can help lubricate the vagina to increase sexual enjoyment in women nearing menopause. Her partner's dislike of condoms rules out the female condom.

The heat associated with saunas and hot tubs may cause fetal ___________.

Tachycardia

An older couple approaches the nurse's station seeking information about their hospitalized grandchild. What should be the nurse's response?

Tell the couple to seek information directly from the child's parents. To protect the child's privacy, information can be shared only with legal guardians, parents, or those identified in writing. "Looking busy" only temporarily avoids confronting the privacy rights.

The ___________ produce sperm and synthesize testosterone.

Testes

A nurse is teaching a group of young adults about the sexual cycle. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies the five phases as they occur. Place the phases below in the correct order from first to last. All options must be used.

The sexual cycle is usually thought of as having five phases: desire, excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

The nurse is creating a diagram that illustrates the components of the male reproductive system. Which structure would the nurse include as a major structure to help ensure fertilization of the ovum? Cowper glands Vas Deferens

The vas deferens is part of the ductal system of the male reproductive system responsible for transporting sperm from the epididymis to the outside. Accessory glands include the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and bulbourethral (Cowper) glands, and they each play an important role in assisting with the transport process by adding to the semen and protecting the sperm; without the passageway, however, the sperm would not be able to exit the body.

The nurse is caring for a premenopausal client scheduled for a bilateral oophorectomy. Which education will the nurse provide the client regarding this procedure? "You will need to have your hormone level tested monthly for 6 months following surgery." "This procedure will greatly reduce your estrogen and progesterone levels."

This procedure will greatly reduce your estrogen and progesterone levels In a bilateral oophorectomy, both ovaries, the two almond-shaped bodies lying on either side of the uterus, are surgically removed. They contain ova and female hormones, specifically estrogen and progesterone. Following the procedure, premenopausal clients will have a sharp reduction in estrogen and progesterone levels. This can cause a sudden onset of menopause, and the client needs to be prepared. An oophorectomy will decrease the client's probability of developing breast cancer by up to 50% but will not prevent it. There is no need for monthly hormone level testing unless the client experiences complications. Contraceptive use is no longer needed because the ovaries contain the client's ova.

The cycle of violence consists of _________ phases.

Three

A nurse should screen for abuse at every health care visit. T or F

True

An individual's genome represents that person's genetic blueprint. True or false

True

Clotting times and bleeding times are unchanged during pregnancy. True or false

True

During the first few months of pregnancy, estrogen stimulates uterine growth. True or false

True

Estrogen deficiency is commonly manifested by hot flashes and night sweats. True or false

True

Fundal height is not a reliable indicator of gestational weeks after 36 weeks' gestation. True or false

True

The penis is composed mostly of ___________ tissue.

erectile

A nurse is teaching a group of pregnant woman about changes that occur in a woman's body during pregnancy. One of the women asks, "What's causing my breasts to get so much bigger now?" Which substances would the nurse most likely include in the response? Select all that apply.

estrogen progesterone During pregnancy, placental estrogen and progesterone stimulate the development of the mammary glands. Because of this hormonal activity, the breast may double in size during pregnancy. After birth and expulsion of the placenta, levels of placental hormones, specifically progesterone and lactogen, fall rapidly and the action of prolactin is no longer inhibited, stimulating the production of milk within a few days after birth.

The chorion and amnion form the amniotic sac. True or false

True

The diaphragm is an example of a barrier method of contraception. T or F

True

Genes are made up of chromosomes. True or false?

False

Most girls in the United States menstruate by the age 14. T or F

False

The respiratory system forms from the mesoderm. T OR F

False

The vagina has an acidic environment. t or f

False

The school nurse is preparing a teaching session for a group of adolescent girls explaining the menstrual cycle. The nurse determines the session is successful when the young students correctly choose which fact? The average age for menarche is 11 to 13 years. The average menstrual flow lasts 4 to 6 days.

The average flow lasts 4 to 6 days and is caused by casting away of blood, tissue, and debris from the uterus. The average age for menarche is from 12 to 14 years. Menarche is the end of puberty, which follows breast budding and the appearance of pubic hair. The total blood loss each month is 25 to 60 ml.

In autosomal dominant inherited disorders offspring of an affected parent will have a 50% chance being disorder free and a 50% chance of exhibiting the disorder. True or false?

True

The average amount of menstrual flow is approximately 6 to 8 ounces. True or false

True