Unit 2 test

Pili are involved in adhesion of bacterial cells to a substrate or host, or in transmission of __________ between bacteria.

DNA

Who am I? I have the same photosynthetic pigments as plants, but I can also obtain nutrients by ingestion.

Euglenoids

Late blight of potatoes that caused the Irish potato famine is caused by members of the genus __________.

Phytophthora

The gametophyte of most liverworts is referred to as:

Thallus

Which of the following is not a seedless plant?

conifer

__________ is a form of genetic exchange in bacteria that involves contact between two cells.

conjugation

Individuals in this group often have intracellular shells of interlocking plates.

dinoflagellates

Malaria is caused by an __________, which is carried to a host by a __________.

apicomplexan; mosquito

Alternation of generations in plants refers to the alternation of:

diploid and haploid stages

The leafy fern that you might have as a house plant is the _____________________ generation.

diploid sporophyte

Moss sperm are transported to the archegonia by:

both insects and water.

Characteristics shared between green algae and plants include:

chlorophylls a and b in plastids.

You find a protist that has a single flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli. You correctly conclude that this organism is a(n):

choanoflagellate

Bacteria

move by means of a rotating flagella

Based on the most recent data available, the protist kingdom is:

paraphyletic

Even though bacteria lack membrane-bound organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria, they can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain metabolic enzymes on:

plasma membrane

Members of this group are characterized by a multinucleate amoeboid-like feeding form called a plasmodium.

plasmodial slime molds

In plants the fertilized egg develops into a multicellular __________ (young plant) within a female gametangium.

embryo

__________ are dormant structures formed by bacteria in response to adverse environmental conditions.

endospores

Mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells probably originated from:

endosymbionts

Which of the following is a vascular plant?

fern

A chain of round bacteria would be called:

streptococci

Which group of algae are a commercial source of agar and carrageenan?

red algae

Heterospory was an important evolutionary development as it led to the evolution _____.

seeds

What am I? I am a unicellular, biflagellate stramenopile that forms a significant portion of the nonplankton.

Golden algae

Microsporocytes divide by ______, forming ______.

Meiosis; microspores

Coal deposits formed when forested areas were inundated with water and the __________ conditions that resulted promoted incomplete decomposition of the vegetation into coal.

anaerobic

The most recent group of plants to evolve are the:

angiosperms

A bacterium that uses the oxidation of inorganic compounds to provide energy for manufacturing nutritious organic compounds is a:

chemoautotroph

The cuticle in plants helps in preventing:

dessication

Which algal group contains individuals that are typically unicellular and form siliceous shells?

diatoms

The sori of most ferns are found on which part of the plant?

fronds

The ____ generation is dominant in mosses, as it can live independently.

haploid gametophyte

A key step in the evolution of vascular plants was the ability to produce __________, a strengthening polymer in the walls of cells that function in support and conduction.

lignin

Small circles of DNA called __________ exist in addition to the bacterial chromosome.

plasmids

The gametophyte generation of ferns is called the:

prothallus

The first eukaryotic cells to evolve from ancestral prokaryotes were:

protists

The most significant difference between the Archaea and the Bacteria is:

the absence of peptidoglycans in the cell walls of the Archaea.

One unique characteristic associated with some of the extreme halophilic Archaea is that:

they have photosynthetic ability involving a purple bacteriorhodopsin pigment.

The volume of a typical bacterium is about __________ the volume of a typical eukaryotic cell.

thousandth

Mosses and liverworts are limited in size because they lack:

vascular tissue

The most economically important bryophyte is:

Sphagnum

Which of the following statements concerning biofilms is FALSE?

They are usually less than 2 mm thick

Pseudopodia are used by Amoeba for ingesting food as well as for:

movement

Where do prokaryotes store their DNA?

A large, circular piece of dna

You find a unicellular organism that forms lobe-like pseudopodia. When you expose the cells to cAMP, they aggregate into a slug like structure. Based on this information, you correctly conclude that this organism is known as:

Dictyostelium discoideum

The __________ are excavates that lack functional mitochondria and Golgi.

Diplomonads

__________ are Archaea that are typically found in abnormally hot environments.

Extreme thermophiles

What am I? I have a jointed hollow stem with reduced megaphylls.

Horsetail

What am I? I am an anaerobic excavate that is an endosymbiont of animals.

Plasmodium

Members of this group typically consist of amoeboid cells surrounded by a hard outer shell through which cytoplasmic projections extend.

Rhizarians

Rod-shaped bacteria are called:

bacilli

Some bacteria avoid being phagocytized by a host's immune system by means of:

their capsule

Penicillin works most effectively against gram-positive bacteria because:

they have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall and penicillin affects the synthesis of peptidoglycans.

The __________ is the male sexual structure that produces sperm in plants.

antheridium

Terrestrial plants obtain carbon dioxide, required for photosynthesis, from the:

atmosphere

In Paramecium, the surface of the cell is covered with thousands of short, hair like ___________.

cilia

Microphylls are found only in __________.

club mosses

Some protists consist of a single cell with multiple nuclei. This condition is known as:

coenocytic

Members of which group are one of the most important producers in marine ecosystems, although sometimes they form blooms known as red tides?

dinoflagellates

The oldest known fossils suggest that the __________ may have been the first plants to inhabit land.

liverworts

____ are small leaves with a single vascular strand.

microphylls

A(n) __________ bacterium would not be able to survive in the presence of oxygen.

obligate anaerobic

Symbiotic association in which one partner lives on or in another and metabolically depends on it is called:

parasitism

In mosses, the ____________ grows into the leafy gametophyte plant.

protonema

Gram-positive bacteria would stain __________ in a gram stain because of a thick layer of __________ in their cell walls.

purple; peptidoglycan

Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic environment by:

rigid cell wall

Koch's postulates include all the following except:

the microorganism must be visible in the electron microscope

All of the following statements about the brown algae are true except:

they are harvested for algin, which is used in a variety of commercial products.

The most common mode of reproduction in bacteria is:

binary fission

Bacterial __________ cause systemic symptoms such as fever, whereas bacterial __________ cause more specific maladies.

endotoxins and exotoxins

Members of the __________ are thought to have given rise to plants.

green algae

Most bacteria are:

heterotrophic

Many seedless plants produce spores of one morphological type, which is referred to as:

homospory