Unit 2 test
Pili are involved in adhesion of bacterial cells to a substrate or host, or in transmission of __________ between bacteria.
DNA
Who am I? I have the same photosynthetic pigments as plants, but I can also obtain nutrients by ingestion.
Euglenoids
Late blight of potatoes that caused the Irish potato famine is caused by members of the genus __________.
Phytophthora
The gametophyte of most liverworts is referred to as:
Thallus
Which of the following is not a seedless plant?
conifer
__________ is a form of genetic exchange in bacteria that involves contact between two cells.
conjugation
Individuals in this group often have intracellular shells of interlocking plates.
dinoflagellates
Malaria is caused by an __________, which is carried to a host by a __________.
apicomplexan; mosquito
Alternation of generations in plants refers to the alternation of:
diploid and haploid stages
The leafy fern that you might have as a house plant is the _____________________ generation.
diploid sporophyte
Moss sperm are transported to the archegonia by:
both insects and water.
Characteristics shared between green algae and plants include:
chlorophylls a and b in plastids.
You find a protist that has a single flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli. You correctly conclude that this organism is a(n):
choanoflagellate
Bacteria
move by means of a rotating flagella
Based on the most recent data available, the protist kingdom is:
paraphyletic
Even though bacteria lack membrane-bound organelles, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria, they can still perform the functions of these organelles by localizing certain metabolic enzymes on:
plasma membrane
Members of this group are characterized by a multinucleate amoeboid-like feeding form called a plasmodium.
plasmodial slime molds
In plants the fertilized egg develops into a multicellular __________ (young plant) within a female gametangium.
embryo
__________ are dormant structures formed by bacteria in response to adverse environmental conditions.
endospores
Mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells probably originated from:
endosymbionts
Which of the following is a vascular plant?
fern
A chain of round bacteria would be called:
streptococci
Which group of algae are a commercial source of agar and carrageenan?
red algae
Heterospory was an important evolutionary development as it led to the evolution _____.
seeds
What am I? I am a unicellular, biflagellate stramenopile that forms a significant portion of the nonplankton.
Golden algae
Microsporocytes divide by ______, forming ______.
Meiosis; microspores
Coal deposits formed when forested areas were inundated with water and the __________ conditions that resulted promoted incomplete decomposition of the vegetation into coal.
anaerobic
The most recent group of plants to evolve are the:
angiosperms
A bacterium that uses the oxidation of inorganic compounds to provide energy for manufacturing nutritious organic compounds is a:
chemoautotroph
The cuticle in plants helps in preventing:
dessication
Which algal group contains individuals that are typically unicellular and form siliceous shells?
diatoms
The sori of most ferns are found on which part of the plant?
fronds
The ____ generation is dominant in mosses, as it can live independently.
haploid gametophyte
A key step in the evolution of vascular plants was the ability to produce __________, a strengthening polymer in the walls of cells that function in support and conduction.
lignin
Small circles of DNA called __________ exist in addition to the bacterial chromosome.
plasmids
The gametophyte generation of ferns is called the:
prothallus
The first eukaryotic cells to evolve from ancestral prokaryotes were:
protists
The most significant difference between the Archaea and the Bacteria is:
the absence of peptidoglycans in the cell walls of the Archaea.
One unique characteristic associated with some of the extreme halophilic Archaea is that:
they have photosynthetic ability involving a purple bacteriorhodopsin pigment.
The volume of a typical bacterium is about __________ the volume of a typical eukaryotic cell.
thousandth
Mosses and liverworts are limited in size because they lack:
vascular tissue
The most economically important bryophyte is:
Sphagnum
Which of the following statements concerning biofilms is FALSE?
They are usually less than 2 mm thick
Pseudopodia are used by Amoeba for ingesting food as well as for:
movement
Where do prokaryotes store their DNA?
A large, circular piece of dna
You find a unicellular organism that forms lobe-like pseudopodia. When you expose the cells to cAMP, they aggregate into a slug like structure. Based on this information, you correctly conclude that this organism is known as:
Dictyostelium discoideum
The __________ are excavates that lack functional mitochondria and Golgi.
Diplomonads
__________ are Archaea that are typically found in abnormally hot environments.
Extreme thermophiles
What am I? I have a jointed hollow stem with reduced megaphylls.
Horsetail
What am I? I am an anaerobic excavate that is an endosymbiont of animals.
Plasmodium
Members of this group typically consist of amoeboid cells surrounded by a hard outer shell through which cytoplasmic projections extend.
Rhizarians
Rod-shaped bacteria are called:
bacilli
Some bacteria avoid being phagocytized by a host's immune system by means of:
their capsule
Penicillin works most effectively against gram-positive bacteria because:
they have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall and penicillin affects the synthesis of peptidoglycans.
The __________ is the male sexual structure that produces sperm in plants.
antheridium
Terrestrial plants obtain carbon dioxide, required for photosynthesis, from the:
atmosphere
In Paramecium, the surface of the cell is covered with thousands of short, hair like ___________.
cilia
Microphylls are found only in __________.
club mosses
Some protists consist of a single cell with multiple nuclei. This condition is known as:
coenocytic
Members of which group are one of the most important producers in marine ecosystems, although sometimes they form blooms known as red tides?
dinoflagellates
The oldest known fossils suggest that the __________ may have been the first plants to inhabit land.
liverworts
____ are small leaves with a single vascular strand.
microphylls
A(n) __________ bacterium would not be able to survive in the presence of oxygen.
obligate anaerobic
Symbiotic association in which one partner lives on or in another and metabolically depends on it is called:
parasitism
In mosses, the ____________ grows into the leafy gametophyte plant.
protonema
Gram-positive bacteria would stain __________ in a gram stain because of a thick layer of __________ in their cell walls.
purple; peptidoglycan
Most bacterial cells keep from bursting in a hypotonic environment by:
rigid cell wall
Koch's postulates include all the following except:
the microorganism must be visible in the electron microscope
All of the following statements about the brown algae are true except:
they are harvested for algin, which is used in a variety of commercial products.
The most common mode of reproduction in bacteria is:
binary fission
Bacterial __________ cause systemic symptoms such as fever, whereas bacterial __________ cause more specific maladies.
endotoxins and exotoxins
Members of the __________ are thought to have given rise to plants.
green algae
Most bacteria are:
heterotrophic
Many seedless plants produce spores of one morphological type, which is referred to as:
homospory