Unit 3 - PrepU & ATI Questions

Your client is being prepared for echocardiography when they ask you why they need to have this test. What would be your best response? A) "Echocardiography will tell the doctor if you have cancer of the heart." B) "Echocardiography is a way of determining the functioning of the left ventricle of your heart." C) "This test can tell us a lot about your heart." D) "This test will find any congenital heart defects."

"Echocardiography is a way of determining the functioning of the left ventricle of your heart." -Echocardiography uses ultrasound waves to determine the functioning of the left ventricle and to detect cardiac tumors, congenital defects, and changes in the tissue layer of the heart. All answers are correct. C is the best answer as it addressees the client's question without making them anxious or minimizing their question.

The nurse performing an assessment on a patient who has arterial insufficiency of the legs and an ulcer on the left great toe would expect to find which of the following characteristics? A) Diminished or absent pulses B) Superficial ulcer C) Aching, cramping pain D) Pulses are present, may be difficult to palpate

A) Diminished or absent pulses.

When preparing a patient for cardiac catheterization, the patient states that she has allergies to seafood. Which of the following medications may give to her prior to the procedure? A) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) B) Lorazepam (Ativan) C) Phenytoin (Dilantin) D) Furosemide (Lasix)

A) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) -Prior to cardiac catheterization, the patient is assessed for previous reactions to contrast agents or allergies to iodine-containing substances, as some contrast agents contain iodine. -If allergic reactions are a concern, antihistamines OR methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) may be administered to the patient before angiography is performed. Lasix, Ativan, and Dilantin do not counteract allergic reactions.

A nurse is preparing a client for an exercise stress test the following morning. Which client statement indicates a need for additional teaching? A) "I'll have to sign a consent form before the test." B) "I won't eat or drink anything after midnight tonight." C) "I won't smoke for 2 - 3 hours before the test." D) "I'll likely be able to take my regular medications before the test."

B) "I won't eat or drink anything after midnight tonight." -The client requires additional teaching if he states that he'll fast from midnight until the test. Clients need to abstain from eating/drinking for only 4 hours before the test. -The client should refrain from smoking for several hours before the test. -Needs to sign a consent. -Doc will probably keep them on same meds.

Which of the following would be an indication for a transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)? A) Determination of electrical activity of the heart. B) Determination of atrial thrombi. C) Evaluation of the response of the cardiovascular system to increased oxygen demands. D) Evaluation of myocardial perfusion at rest and after exercise.

B) Determination of atrial thrombi. -The TEE is an important diagnostic tool for determining if atrial or ventricular thrombi are present in patients with heart failure, valvular heart disease, and arrythmias.

Within the physiology of the heart, each chamber has a particular role in maintaining cellular oxygenation. Which chamber of the heart is responsible for receiving oxygenated blood from the lungs? A) Left Ventricle B) Left Atrium C) Right Ventricle D) Right Atrium

B) Left Atrium -The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. -The left ventricle pumps that blood to all cells and tissues of the body. -The right atrium receives oxygenated blood from the venous system. -The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs to be oxygenated.

Within the physiology of the heart, each chamber has a particular role in maintaining cellular oxygenation. Which chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to all the cells and tissues of the body? A) Right Ventricle B) Left Ventricle C) Left Atrium D) Right Atrium

B) Left Ventricle -The left ventricle pumps that blood to all cells and tissues of the body. -The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. -The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs to be oxygenated. -The right atrium receives oxygenated blood from the venous system.

The nurse is obtaining a healthy history from a client with blood pressure of 146/88 mm Hg. The client states that lifestyle changes have not been effective in lowering the blood pressure. Which medication classification does the nurse anticipate first? A) ACE inhibitors B) Thiazide diuretic C) Beta-Blocker D) Calcium channel blocker

B) Thiazide Diuretic -Clients with hypertension, unable to be lowered by lifestyle changes, usually are placed on a thiazide diuretic initially. However, most people with hypertension will need two or more antihypertensive medications to reduce their blood pressure.

The nurse is caring for a patient with an intra-arterial BP monitoring device. The nurse recognizes the most preventable complication associated with hemodynamic monitoring includes which of the following? A) Air embolism B) Pneumothorax C) Hemorrhage D) Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI)

D) Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI)

To check for arterial insufficiency when a client is in a supine position, the nurse should elevate the extremity at a 45 degree angle and then have the client sit up. The nurse suspects arterial insufficiency if the assessment reveals: A) a 30 second filling time for the veins. B) No rubor for 10 seconds after the maneuver. C) Elevational rubor. D) Dependent pallor.

D) Dependent pallor. -If arterial insufficiency is present, elevation of the limb would yield a pallor from the lack of circulation. -Rubor and increased venous filling time would suggest venous problems secondary to venous trapping and incompetent valves.