Unit 6 Quiz 1
As a result of the westward expansion of the United States, a) industrial production in the north decreased b) agricultural production in the south increased c) laws were passed to limit immigration from Europe d) Native Americans were forced to relocate to new territories
d) Native Americans were forced to relocate to new territories America's expansion westward did not have any significant impact on immigration, agriculture, or industry.
Which innovation had the GREATEST impact on westward migration immediately after the American Civil War? a) telephone b) electricity c) steam-powered boats d) transcontinental railroad
d) transcontinental railroad It allowed people, information, and goods to move back and forth across the continent more easily.
Judging from the map, which area was likely to see the GREATEST percentage increase in urban population due to the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad? a) A b) B c) C d) D
a) A The west coast, region A, saw a tremendous increase in the population of its urban areas in the latter half of the Nineteenth Century. This was due to a number of things: the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad, continued expectations of gold strikes, and increased foreign trade.
What group of immigrants arrived in large numbers on the US west coast for the primary purpose of working on the Transcontinental Railroad in the 19th century? a) Chinese b) Irish c) Japanese d) Mexican
a) Chinese Chinese laborers were vital in constructing the First Transcontinental Railroad. They worked on the Central Pacific line, which started in Sacramento, California, and worked to the east. It was believed that the immigrants were more willing to tolerate the horrible conditions during the construction.
The purpose of the Homestead Act of 1862 was to a) encourage people to populate US territories west of the Mississippi River b) provide people with economic incentives to settle in the territory of Florida c) provide free lacks with "40 acres and a mule" in former Confederate states d) offer former Confederate officers a place to live in return for their loyalty to the US
a) encourage people to populate US territories west of the Mississippi River Passed during the Civil War, the Homestead Act provided 160 acres of land in the American west. It was specifically for adults over the age of 21 who then agreed to develop the land and live on it for at least 5 years. These lands were generally very isolated, far from any established population centers.
The population growth in the American west following the Civil War was made possible mainly by a) railroads b) steamboats c) the telegraph d) the telephone
a) railroads While the telegraph did make communication much easier, people would not have settled in the Great Plains and further had railroads not moved people there (and back) more easily.
Which legislation is this poster MOST closely related to? a) the Dawes Act b) the Hatch Act c) the Volstead Act d) the Pendleton Act
a) the Dawes Act This poster deals with the sale of Indian lands in the West. The Dawes Act reduced the amount of Indian-owned land in the West from around 150,000 acres in 1877 to 48,000 acres by 1934.
Which group of people was primarily responsible for constructing the Transcontinental Railroad from California eastward? a) Apache b) Chinese c) Irish d) Sioux
b) Chinese Chinese immigrants provided much of the labor force in constructing the first Transcontinental Railroad, laying tracks in the most difficult part of the project moving from California to the east. Irish immigrants were vital in it's construction moving westward from Kansas.
The building of the transcontinental railroads fueled the popular idea of a) the Gilded Age b) Manifest Destiny c) "Go West, young man" d) the United States as the "land of the free"
b) Manifest Destiny With the building of the transcontinentals, which now linked the country, the idea of Manifest Destiny had even greater appeal. Manifest Destiny was taken to mean that the United States had the God-given right to control all of North America and perhaps even Central and South America too. The transcontinental railroads seemed to make that dream even more possible.
The Transcontinental Railroads that opened up the West had a devastating effect on a) cattle ranchers b) Native Americans c) merchants on the West coast who relied on trade across the Pacific for their livelihood d) US soldiers who had just fought in the Civil War and were now transferred to the West to keep the peace
b) Native Americans The Transcontinental Railroads destroyed the lives of the Native Americans on the Great Plains because these trains divided the herds of buffaloes on which the Native Americans depended, and brought settlers into the West who farmed the land previously devoted to hunting. Native Americans were routinely moved to reservations to make way for white settlers who arrived by train.
Which of these is the 1890 event that is generally considered to be the last major violent Indian conflict in North America? a) Sand Creek Massacre b) Wounded Knee Massacre c) Battle of Horseshoe Bend d) Battle of Little Big Horn
b) Wounded Knee Massacre While turning in their weapons to the US 7th Cavalry, 300 Sioux Indians were killed within minutes at what is now called the Wounded Knee Massacre in South Dakota. Despite the shooting hundreds of small children and old women and men, over a dozen Medals of Honor were given to US soldiers.
Besides connecting the eastern United States with the western United States, the Transcontinental Railroad was also instrumental in a) driving a gap through the Confederate territories b) bringing in immigrants from Ireland and China c) getting California admitted as a state d) ending the Reconstruction Era
b) bringing in immigrants from Ireland and China No, the trains did not transport them from Europe and Africa, but the lure of jobs created during the construction of the railroad DID cause an influx of immigrants.
The migration trend that was MOST prevalent in the United States between the end of the Civil War and World War I was a) migration from urban areas to rural areas in search of farm work b) migration westward to settle the frontier lands west of the Mississippi River c) African-Americans moving from the big cities of the north back to rural areas in the south d) emigration from the continental United States to overseas territories like Guam and Puerto Rico
b) migration westward to settle the frontier lands west of the Mississippi River Beginning with the California Gold Rush of 1849 and lasting until the early 1900s, the "Wild West" attracted millions of adventure-seekers, pioneers, and families in search of a "new start."
In order to help expand railroads throughout the country after the Civil War, Congress a) brought in thousands of laborers from China b) provided railroad companies land free of charge c) spent tax money researching steam engine technology d) taxed the Confederate States heavily to fund construction
b) provided railroad companies land free of charge As one might imagine, this lead to significant corruption in government, but that was not the first time that happened. Chinese laborers, brought in by the thousands, came to the US via private, non-government firms.
Which of these took place in Promontory, Utah, in 1869? a) the largest discovery of silver in American history b) the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad c) a massacre of Cheyenne Indians d) a massacre of Sioux Indians
b) the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad It took seven years to complete and was of vital importance both in boosting the country's economy and in linking the United States together following the Civil War.
-China: 1871-1880: 123,201 Using this table, which group of people would have been MOST LIKELY to relocate to the West coast of the United States in the 1870's for which purpose? a) Germans seeking farm land b) Irish seeking factory jobs c) Chinese seeking railroad jobs d) Italians seeking gold mining
c) Chinese seeking railroad jobs Waves of Chinese immigrants moved to primarily California to work on the Transcontinental railroad. Later they faced discrimination when the railroad industry became overextended and people lost jobs.
In the late 1800s, the federal government attempted to place all Plains Indians on reservations, most of which were located in which state? a) California b) Nebraska c) Oklahoma d) Texas
c) Oklahoma Continuing a trend begun by Andrew Jackson in the early 19th century, the federal government placed millions of Indians on reservations in the Midwest.
What took place at Promontory Point, Utah in 1869? a) massacre of Lakota Sioux b) massacre of Cheyenne Indians c) completion of Transcontinental Railroad d) largest silver strike in American history
c) completion of Transcontinental Railroad With the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad, American living, travel, communication, and business patterns changed greatly. Good flowed back and forth across the country more easily, as did mail and people.
*Dawes Severalty Act, 1887: An Act to provide for the allotment of lands in severalty to Indians of the various reservations, and to extend the protection of the laws of the United States and the Territories over the Indians, and for other purposes.* Based on this excerpt from the Dawes Severalty Act, United States domestic policy toward Native Americans in the late 1800s made an attempt to a) grant them full citizenship and due process b) increase the land holdings of western tribes c) force Native American Indians to give up their traditional cultures d) give their tribal groups authority over their own governmental affairs
c) force Native American Indians to give up their traditional cultures It was thought that by weakening traditional cultural practices, the Native Americans would more easily assimilate into American society. This is evidenced by the "allotment of lands... to Indians on various reservations" and "extend[ing] the protection of the laws of the United States... over the Indians".
Which of these helped to further the Westward Expansion in the United States after 1865? a) California Gold Rush b) abolition of slavery c) transcontinental railroad d) Lewis and Clark Expedition
c) transcontinental railroad People were finally able to travel west of St. Louis.
Expansion into the western portion of the United States greatly increased with the completion of the _____ in 1869, which allowed for people and goods to be distributed all throughout the country. a) steamboat b) automobile c) Panama Canal d) Transcontinental Railroad
d) Transcontinental Railroad Prior to the railroad, people who wished to migrate west had to do so on foot or in wagons. The trips were usually very long, and the mortality rates for those who traveled were high. Lack of transportation made it difficult for developing industries to distribute their goods. When the Transcontinental Railroad was completed, it allowed for much easier and more durable transportation for people and goods.
-Ghost Dance -Lakota Sioux -Big Foot -Colonel James W. Forsyth These terms are all associated with what event in 1890? a) Little Big Horn b) Red Cloud's War c) Promontory Point d) Wounded Knee Massacre
d) Wounded Knee Massacre The wounded Knee Massacre occurred on December 29, 1890, in South Dakota. Frightened by a ritual "Ghost Dance" performed by Lakota Sioux, the US 7th Calvary, under the command of Colonel James W. Forsyth, surrounded an encampment of under 500 Sioux. Upon orders, the troops opened fire on the mainly women and children, killing nearly 200, including Chief Big Foot.
The completion of the Transcontinental Railroad resulted in all of the following EXCEPT a) furthering the goals of Manifest Destiny b) the connection of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts c) improvements in working conditions for Chinese workers d) the ability to efficiently transport people and goods across the nation
c) improvements in working conditions for Chinese workers Available Chinese workers were brought in to replace European immigrants who left the railroad industry to work in the gold mines. Thousands of Chinese immigrants assumed great risks in dangerous working conditions by laying tracks and blasting tunnels, resulting in injury and death.
Of the ones listed here, the factor that had the greatest impact on the eventual destruction of Native Americans' ways of life was the development of the a) automobile b) highway c) railroad d) steamboat
c) railroad The development of the railroad not only divided the tribal lands of Native Americans, but led to increased property ownership by Americans in the Great Plains and to the region's increased population.
Which development replaced wagon trails as the quickest way for settlers to travel to the west after the Civil War? a) the "Pony Express" b) interstate highways c) the Transcontinental Railroad d) steamboats on the Mississippi River
c) the Transcontinental Railroad Highways and automobiles did not impact transportation until the 20th century, and steamboats on the Mississippi did not have a great deal of impact on westward travel. The Pony Express helped mail reach the west, but did not really aid settlers in their journey west.
Why did many people think that the building of the transcontinental railroads was a federal government project? a) the states were not involved in this project b) private investors were not allowed to buy stock in the railroad companies c) the federal government hired Irish and Chinese labor to work on the railroads d) railroad construction companies were heavily subsidized with money and land grants from the federal government
d) railroad construction companies were heavily subsidized with money and land grants from the federal government Building the railroads was extremely expensive and the government wanted the project to be completed, so as to link the country with transportation. Because so much was given to the railroad companies, especially the extent of the land adjoining the railroads, many people assumed that it was a federal government project and not a private one.
*As railroads expanded westward across the United States in the late-1800s, Native Americans were increasingly unable to hunt across the formerly open landscape of the Great Plains.* In addition to the problems stated here, what other issue contributed to the problems faced by Native Americans on the Great Plains at the end of the 19th century? a) European diseases wiped out a substantial portion of the Sioux population b) timber land was harvested, robbing Native Americans of a valuable resource c) under the Dawes Act, Indian reservations lost all of their federal funding d) railroads brought an increase in population, leading to controversies over land usage
d) railroads brought an increase in population, leading to controversies over land usage This inevitably created stresses between Americans and Native Americans.
The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 was created to a) regulate interstate trade and commerce b) give slaves land in the former Confederate states c) institute the death penalty for crimes against federal officials d) redistribute Indian lands from public to private ownership to help assimilate them into the US population
d) redistribute Indian lands from public to private ownership to help assimilate them into the US population "Severalty" refers to estate lands. The government enticed Indians to renounce their tribal allegiances in exchange for citizenship and land, but these measures, with many deceptive qualifications, failed to lure many into giving up their heritage.
Which statement BEST describes the Sand Creek Massacre? a) Sioux warriors destroyed General Custer's forces in 1876 b) 35 miners were killed by Apache Indians during the Gold Rush of 1849 c) 17 African-American males were killed in a race riot in Oklahoma in 1912 d) roughly 200 Cheyenne men, women, and children were slaughtered by American soldiers
d) roughly 200 Cheyenne men, women, and children were slaughtered by American soldiers The Sand Creek Massacre, also known as the Chivington Massacre, was considered by many as one of the worst atrocities committed by Americans anywhere. Despite eyewitness testimony of the horrific events of that November day, none of the militia members were ever held accountable.
Chief Sitting Bull led Sioux warriors at the June 1876 conflict known as a) Sand Creek b) Wounded Knee c) the Fetterman Massacre d) the Battle of the Little Big Horn
d) the Battle of the Little Big Horn Of the choices, Sitting Bull is most known for the Battle of the Little Big Horn on June 25, 1876. His premonition of a Sioux victory inspired his tribe, who made the vision a reality the following day. It was Crazy Horse, not Sitting Bull, who led the raid that became known as the "Fetterman Massacre."
Which transportation breakthrough had the GREATEST impact on the economic development of the American frontier in the late-1860s? a) the Erie Canal b) the automobile c) the interstate highway system d) the Transcontinental Railroad
d) the Transcontinental Railroad Completed in 1869, the railroad linked the eastern and western halves of the nation and opened up the frontier for thousands of settlers who were looking for a new start. It also made it easier to transport goods and products across the nation.
America's westward expansion following the Civil War often resulted in conflict between a) free and slave states b) northern and southern states c) the Democrats and Republicans in Congress d) the federal government and Native Americans
d) the federal government and Native Americans According to 1894 Census records, "The Indian Wars... have been more than 40 in number and have cost the lives of about 19,000 white men, women, and children... and the lives of about 30,000 Indians." By the end of the fighting, the death toll would be immeasurable.
Which event had the most IMMEDIATE impact on the Native Americans who lived on the Great Plains? a) the invention of the sod house b) the use of windmills for irrigation c) the success of the abolition movement d) the hunting of buffalo by US citizens
d) the hunting of buffalo by US citizens They used the buffalo for meat, tools, and housing. Hunters, however, usually just killed the buffalo for their skins, leaving the rest to rot on the prairie. The hunts occurred too often and too fast, wiping out the previously plentiful herds.
-Cornelius Vanderbilt -Pullman Strike -Standard Gauge -Promontory Point, Utah All of these terms are associated with a) education b) agriculture c) labor strife d) the railroad industry
d) the railroad industry Vanderbilt made his fortune in the railroad industry and passed down that power to his family. The Pullman Strike occurred in 1894 as a reaction by unions against the Sherman Antitrust Act that was applied on unions. Standard gauge refers to a uniform track width which made travel easier, as did the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad that was completed at Promontory Point, Utah in 1869.
Which BEST describes why Chinese workers were used to construct the Transcontinental Railroad? a) to settle Western territory b) to organize railroad workers c) to increase the national population d) to replace Eastern European immigrants lured by gold mining
d) to replace Eastern European immigrants lured by gold mining Eastern European immigrants were the first group of workers used to construct the Transcontinental Railroads. However, many were lured by the gold fields and the promise of wealth during the California Gold Rush. Consequently, they were replaced by Chinese workers who were paid less and subject to dangerous and often deadly working conditions.
