US HIST 1302 Test 1

The Platt Amendment:

authorized the United States to intervene militarily in Cuba.

The Social Gospel:

called for an equalization of wealth and power.

During the "Age of Empire," American racial attitudes:

had a global impact.

Founded in 1886, the American Federation of Labor:

restricted membership to only skilled workers.

By 1890, the majority of Americans:

worked for wages.

How did the Civil War come to be remembered by the 1890s as the white North and South moved toward reconciliation?

As a tragic family quarrel among white Americans, in which blacks played no significant part.

What explains the appeal of the Lost Cause mythology for Southern whites in the late nineteenth century?

It helped southern whites cope with defeat but preserve white supremacy.

Which of the following statements best summarizes the reasons for the tripling of railroad track miles in the United States between 1860 and 1890?

Private investment and massive grants of land and money by federal, state, and local governments spurred the building.

Which statement about the Haymarket Affair is FALSE?

The Knights of Labor was directly responsible for the violence that took place at Haymarket.

Which statement about the disenfranchisement of blacks in the South is FALSE?

The Supreme Court upheld the grandfather clause.

Which statement about the theory of Social Darwinism is FALSE?

The theory argued that the "deserving poor" only included children.

Which statement about labor and the law is FALSE?

Workers generally welcomed the Court's decisions on industry.

For workers, the second industrial revolution meant all of the following EXCEPT:

a decrease in child labor.

The American Federation of Labor's founder Samuel Gompers used the idea of "freedom of contract" to:

argue against interference by judges with workers' right to organize unions.

Supporters of the Anti-Imperialist League:

believed that American energies should be directed at home, not abroad.

The Spanish-American War:

brought the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico under U.S. control.

Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller:

built up giant corporations that dominated their respective markets.

The new immigrants:

came from southern and eastern Europe.

The "white man's burden":

comes from a poem by Rudyard Kipling.

In his Atlanta speech of 1895, Booker T. Washington:

encouraged blacks to adjust to segregation.

In How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis:

focused on the wretched conditions of New York City slums.

One significant economic impact of the second industrial revolution was:

frequent and prolonged economic depressions.

In the South, the Redeemers:

imposed a new racial order.

Thomas Edison:

invented, among other things, a system for generating and distributing electricity.

One of the reasons that the Great Strike of 1877 was important is that:

it underscored the tensions produced by the rapid industrialization of the time.

The American working class:

lived in desperate conditions

All of the following factors contributed to explosive economic growth during the Gilded Age EXCEPT:

low tariffs.

All of the following were used by southern whites to maintain domination over blacks EXCEPT:

outlawing the use of black female domestic workers in white homes

William M. Tweed was a(n):

political boss who, although corrupt, provided important services to New Yorkers.

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882:

prohibited any Chinese from entering the United States.

Between 1890 and 1906, southern state governments and white Southerners eliminated black voting using all of the following EXCEPT:

racial tests.

The __________ made possible the second industrial revolution in America.

railroads

In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court:

ruled that "separate but equal" accommodations were constitutional.

Plessy v. Ferguson:

ruled that "separate but equal" accommodations were constitutional.

Twenty years after the end of Reconstruction, African-Americans in the South:

suffered the most from the region's poor conditions.

During the second industrial revolution, the courts:

tended to favor the interests of industry over those of labor.

President William McKinley justified U.S. annexation of the Philippines on all of the following grounds EXCEPT:

the United States needed to ensure that the Philippines became an independent democracy.

The second industrial revolution was marked by:

the acceleration of factory production and increased activity in the mining and railroad industries.

In 1900, most of the nearly 5 million women who worked for wages worked in:

the garment industry and as domestic laborers.

In 1883, __________ divided the nation into the four time zones still used today.

the major railroad companies

The theory of Social Darwinism argued that:

the theory of evolution applied to humans, thus explaining why some were rich and some were poor.

The Supreme Court in Lochner v. New York:

voided a state law establishing that bakers could work a maximum of sixty hours per week.

The Immigration Restriction League:

wanted to bar immigrants who were illiterate.

At the end of the nineteenth century, lynching:

was an act of violence directed mostly at black men.

The Knights of Labor:

was an inclusive organization that advocated for a vast array of reforms.

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877:

was evidence of worker solidarity and the close ties between industry and the Republican Party.

The Philippine War:

was far longer and bloodier than the Spanish-American War.

After the 1890s, American expansionism:

was partly fueled by the need to stimulate American exports.

The Haymarket Affair:

was provoked by the 1886 bombing at a Chicago labor rally.

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882:

was the first time race was used to exclude an entire group of people from entering the United States.

In the nineteenth century, pools, trusts, and mergers were:

ways that manufacturers sought to control the marketplace.

By the end of the nineteenth century, African-American men in the South:

were forced out of politics and passed leadership to female African-American activists.

Americans have referred to the 1890s as the women's era because:

women's economic opportunities and roles in public life expanded.

Journalists who worked for newspapers like William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal, which sensationalized events to sell papers, were called:

yellow journalists.