US History Chapter 22
Lend-Lease Act
7 billion dollars congress appropriated to provide supplies for embattled nations
Atlantic Charter
A list of goals of the anti-Axis nations
Fascism
A nationalistic, militaristic, and totalitarian mass movement
Casablanca
Allied leaders met here to plan an invasion of Italy
Island Hopping
Allied plan to capture only important Pacific islands with air strips for heavy bombers
Dwight D. Eisenhower
American commander of Operation Torch and eventually the Supreme Allied Commander
Flying Tigers
An American volunteer group of fighter pilots who fought in China against the Japanese
Aggression Pact
An agreement between Russia and Germany not to attach each other; Secretly allowed Russia to take Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Finland, and Eastern Poland
Rhineland
An industrial land of Germany under the treaty of Versailles that was to remain demilitarized
Harry Truman
Became president at the death of FDR
Neutrality Act of 1939
Belligerents could buy weapons from the US on a cash basis and carry them home on their own ships "Cash and Carry"
Bernard Montgomery
British Field Marshall ordered by Churchill to take command in North Africa
Douglas MacArthur
Commander of all American forces in the Far East
Rationing
Conserving vital goods throughout the nation
Blitzkrieg
Fast assault. Its real meaning is "Lightning War"
Potsdam
Final war conference attended by Clement Atlee, Harry Truman, and Stalin
Dunkirk
French port on the English Channel where British civilians rescued the Allied army
Operation Torch
General Eisenhower used 850 ships to land troops on the west coast of Africa
Battle of Britain
German air attack on Great Britain causing great destruction
Luftwaffe
German air force
Adolf Hitler
German dictator
Erwin Rommel
German tank division leader in North Africa
Panzers
German tanks
Anschluss
Germany's union with Austria
Axis Powers
Germany, Italy, Japan
Hiroshima
Heavily populated city in Japan where the first atomic bomb was dropped
Nagasaki
Heavily populated city in Japan where the second atomic bomb was dropped
Benito Mussolini
Italian dictator
Hirohito
Japan's emperor
Hedeki Tojo
Japan's military leader
December 7th, 1941
Japanese bombing of American Naval Forces in Pearl Harbor
Kamikazes
Japanese suicide bombers
Sudetenland
Land in Czechoslovakia that Germany wanted to annex
Battle of Leyte Gulf
Largest sea battle ever in history
Battle of the Budge
Last German offensive
Winston Churchill
Prime minister of Great Britain
War Production Board
Reserved all materials for production of war equipment
Joseph Stalin
Russian dictator
Nisei
Second-generation Japanese-Americans placed in detention camps
Nazi Soviet Non
September 1st, 1939- Day the war began by the invasion of Poland
Wehrmacht
The German Army
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis
The alliance of the dictator states
Okinawa
The bloodiest single campaign in the pacific
Ghettos
The crowded, unsanitary conditions where Hitler ordered all Jews to live
Operation Husky
The invasion of Italy
D-Day
The invasion of Normandy, the coast of France, on June 6, 1944
Holocaust
The massacre of millions of people (political opponents, Jews, Poles, Romanies, the disabled, Jehovah's Witnesses) by the Germans
Battle of Midway
The turning point of the war in the Pacific
Appeasement
To yield to the belligerent demands of a nation in a conciliatory effort; basically, give up what you want in order to make the other nation happy
September 2, 1945
V-J Day; the surrender of Japan
Iwo Jima
Volcanic Island where American forces eventually crushed Japanese resistance; site of important air strip
America First Committee
Watchdogs to keep allied sympathy and American involvement in check
Yalta
Where Roosevelt and Churchill met Stalin to discuss plans for post-war Europe
