Us History: Final

Puritan

A person who wanted simpler forms of worship and stricter morals than others did in the Protestant church during the 1500s and 1600s. Many Puritans settled in New England.

George Fitzhugh

"Cannibals All!" or "Slaves Without Masters"

John Greenleaf Whittier

"The Farewell"

What did Jackson's unofficial cabinet become known as?

"the kitchen cabinet"

abolitionist

A person who wants to do away with some rule or custom.

garrison

A place where a military force is stationed for defense.

piedmont

A plateau or district lying along or near the foot of a mountain range.

isolationism

A policy of noninvolvement in world affairs.

fascism

A political philosophy supporting an autocratic government headed by a dictator.

corollary

A proposition following so obviously from another that it requires little or no proof; a natural consequence of an existing policy.

depression

A reduction in the amount of jobs, money, and goods.

protectorate

A relation of protection and partial control by a strong nation over a weaker power.

Reformation

A religious movement in Europe during the 1500s and 1600s that resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.

inflation

A sharp or sudden rise in prices resulting from too great expansion in paper money or bank credit.

mercenary

A soldier hired for pay by a foreign state.

palisade

A strong fence or defensive work consisting of pointed wooden stakes set firmly and closely together in the ground. Used for defense of frontier forts.

theology

A system of religious beliefs.

armistice

A temporary end of hostilities by mutual agreement; a truce.

sharecropper

A tenant farmer who pays a share of his crop as rent for his land.

Fuhrer

A title applied to Hitler by his followers.

Estes Kefauver

Adlai Stevenson's running mate

The man credited with teaching the patriots how to fight professionally is:

Baron von Steuben

Which man did General Washington make the Chief Inspector of the colonial troops?

Baron von Steuben

patroon

A landowner who had certain privileges under the former Dutch government of New York. A patroon usually owned a large amount of land.

burgess

A member of the lower house of the colonial legislature in Virginia.

poll tax

A money payment, usually one or two dollars, required of a person before he could vote. This tax was common in the Southern states.

entente

A mutual agreement, or the parties entering a mutual agreement.

immigrant

A person who comes into a foreign country or region to live.

emigrant

A person who leaves his or her own country or region to settle in another.

Select the three American presidents who approved of the United States backing the South Vietnamese in their civil war.

Eisenhower Kennedy Johnson

Richard Nixon

Eisenhower's Vice President

Adlai Stevenson

Eisenhower's opponent during the election of 1952

The cotton gin was invented by ____.

Eli Whitney

"During my reign, the Church of England was established by law and became the official church of the country. Many people in England were not happy with the church I formed, and began to protest. Some grew dangerous and rebellious and tried to separate from the church. To keep things under control I had to pass laws to prevent them from meeting and to hang their leaders for treason. If I hadn't, my kingdom would have erupted in chaos!" Which leader of England am I?

Elizabeth I

Thomas Jefferson

Embargo Act of 1807

Legislation passed during Harding's administration was the:

Emergency Quota Act

Three countries siding against Hitler's Germany were:

England France United States

Identify the four reasons why the Navigation Acts were not initially enforced by England.

England was at war with France and wanted the loyalty of the colonies. A struggle was going on between the king of England and Parliament. Growing trade with the colonies gave more profits to the British. A great distance separated England and the colonies.

The country began to recover from the effects of the Depression.

Ethiopia

A factory's main interests were for employee morale and profits.

False

After Rhee's Chinese volunteers entered the Korean conflict, the South Koreans were again pushed below the 38th parallel.

False

After driving the Chinese Nationalists to Formosa, Chiang Kai-shek set up the People's Republic of China.

False

After winning the Chinese civil war, Chiang Kai-shek set up the People's Republic of China.

False

Alexander Hamilton, Edmund Randolph, Henry Knox, and James Madison were the men chosen by President Washington to serve in the first cabinet.

False

Although the Crusades led to an increase in travel and trade, Western Europe still had little interaction with the new cultures encountered.

False

Although the colonial army lacked equipment and money at the beginning of the war, Congress could levy taxes, which would alleviate the problem.

False

American wars decreased employment and increased production.

False

Black Codes allowed black people the right to vote without paying a poll tax.

False

Britain, Australia, and France aided the United States in the war against Japan.

False

By the late 1920s, about 40 percent of the people of the United States remained on farms.

False

Cuba, Guam, and the Philippines became American protectorates.

False

Cuba, Guam, and the Philippines became United States possessions after the Spanish-American War.

False

Daniel Webster was an outspoken advocate of states' rights.

False

Edison's light bulb and Bell's telephone revolutionized communication.

False

Eisenhower and his men drove the Italians from North Africa.

False

Eisenhower's Peace Corps was successful in helping underdeveloped countries raise their living standards.

False

European countries did not test the Monroe Doctrine because of America's superior military strength.

False

France and England needed to receive reparations for the heavy destruction of their land during the war.

False

From their beginning, the Navigation Acts were strictly enforced.

False

German war criminals were tried at Nuremberg, France.

False

Jackson was a strong advocate of Calhoun's doctrine of nullification.

False

John Hay's Open-Door Policy kept the Chinese from taking advantage of European buyers.

False

Lieutenant Governor Dinwiddie was known for his defeat of the French at Quebec.

False

Lord Grenville's program included the Virginia Resolves.

False

Major Anderson was replaced by President Lincoln with General P.G.T. Beauregard.

False

McCormick's reaper and Howe's thresher made raw materials cheaper for the textile industry.

False

Miles, Roosevelt, and Perry commanded forces in the Spanish-American War.

False

Mussolini's National Socialist Party's youth movement instilled loyalty in Germany's youth.

False

Patriots not only backed England's actions, they also aided the British army by giving them food and money.

False

President Wilson led the United States into a war he was anxious to enter.

False

Progressivism was supported only by the Democratic Party.

False

Russia and Great Britain claimed that they had no imperialistic motives when they entered World War II.

False

SEATO, like NATO, was formed to resist Communist advances in Europe.

False

The Allied powers were Italy, Germany, and Japan.

False

The Allied powers were made up of Italy, Germany, and Japan.

False

The American Navy, under the command of John Paul Jones, was no match for the British naval forces.

False

The Articles of Confederation established a strong national government.

False

The Atlantic Charter let not only the Axis powers but also Russia know what the English and French stand was concerning occupation.

False

The Battle of New Orleans was the final, decisive battle that won the War of 1812.

False

The Battle of Normandy began June 6, 1945.

False

The British general at the Battle of Bunker Hill was Horatio Gates.

False

The Confederacy adopted the "Stars and Stripes" as its national flag.

False

The Cumberland Road was America's first transcontinental road.

False

The Eighteenth Amendment was supported by the religious community except for Protestants.

False

The Embargo Act of 1807 did serious damage to the economies of England and France.

False

The Embargo Act of 1807 stopped trade with England, thus decreasing American production.

False

The German attack on Pearl Harbor brought the United States into World War II.

False

The Intolerable Acts caused the formation of the Continental Navy.

False

The Italian economy, like the British, was centered around the military.

False

The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 9, 1941.

False

The Korean conflict staged Americans and North Koreans against the Chinese and South Koreans.

False

The League of Nations, supported by Truman, was rejected by the American people.

False

The Marbury vs. Madison decision established the principle of Federal control of interstate commerce.

False

The Marine retreat from the Chosan Reservoir area was accomplished easily.

False

The Potsdam meeting resulted in American support of countries opposed to Communism.

False

The Republican platform approved the protective tariff, supported the extension of slavery into the territories, and supported Federal funding for internal improvements.

False

The Square Deal and Open-Door Policy dealt with involvement in the Far East.

False

The Texas fight for independence was led by Sam Houston.

False

The United States agreed to leave Vietnam within six months.

False

The United States became actively involved in Vietnam combat during the administration of President Kennedy.

False

The United States could not reach acceptable terms of settlement with France regarding peaceful shipping.

False

The United States joined the war when Germany crossed neutral Belgium.

False

The United States president in the 1930s was Theodore Roosevelt.

False

The Vietnam conflict arose between the Democratic and Republican forces in Vietnam.

False

The XYZ Affair got its name because the American envoys refused to name the three English officials who demanded a large amount of money before they would even discuss a peace treaty.

False

The XYZ Affair involved relations between the United States and England.

False

The initial campaign of the Americans in 1812--to invade and conquer Canada--was their first victory in the war.

False

The partial return of Boxer Rebellion money and Hay's Japanese-American Treaty aided United States relations with the Far East.

False

The purpose of the United Nations was to fight off Communist offensives.

False

Through the "spoils system" government positions were filled by trained civil servants regardless of party affiliation.

False

Wilson's peace plans received more support than he had first hoped.

False

Japan sided with England because of an Alliance agreed upon in 1904.

False; Anglo-Japanese Alliance of 1902

Henry Ward Beecher, a fervent abolitionist from Cincinnati, Ohio, was the author of Uncle Tom's Cabin.

False; Harriet Beecher Stowe; AKA Life Among the Lowly

John Rankin was the most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad.

False; Harriet Tubman

The United States was clearly fighting against Spain for possession of Cuba.

False; In declaring war, the United States clearly stated that its purpose in the conflict was only to give Cuba independence without any intention of taking the island over as a possession.

Nat Turner declared that, regardless of laws to the contrary, every human has the inherent right to be free.

False; John Quincy Adams

President Andrew Johnson was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theater.

False; Lincoln was assassinated

In the election of 1876, Rutherford B. Hayes received the majority of the votes; however, Samuel Tilden won the election.

False; Political Compromise. In the 1876 election, the Democratic candidate, Samuel Tilden, received a majority of the popular votes, but only 184 electoral votes; Rutherford B. Hayes, the Republican candidate, received 165 electoral votes. South Carolina, Louisiana, and Florida sent in two sets of electoral votes, one set from the "carpetbag" governments still in effect in those states. Hayes needed all the votes from these states and Oregon, which was late getting in its results. Tilden only needed one of these votes to win the election. Because of the confusion over the two sets of results, Congress established an Electoral Commission comprised of seven Republicans, seven Democrats, and one unbiased justice. However, the unbiased member withdrew from the commission before the election, and his replacement was a strong Republican. The eight Republicans voted for Hayes, and he became the nineteenth president of the United States.

Sam Houston accepted Mexico's offer of land in Texas and led settlers into the state to begin a new life.

False; Stephen Austin did that

The first Southern state to approve the Fourteenth Amendment and be readmitted to the Union was Louisiana.

False; Tennessee

Sentiments in the United States leaned toward support of the Triple Alliance.

False; Triple Entente

Wilson's Fourteen Points concerned a world peace settlement following World War II.

False; World War I

World War I erupted when an Austrian assassinated Archduke Francis Ferdinand.

False; a Serbian assassinated

City living was independent, but country life was interdependent.

False; city interdependent; country independent

John Bell's Constitutional Union Party favored preservation of the Union and denounced slavery.

False; did not mention slavery

Minnesota had more land in agriculture than any state.

False; least

The conflict over the disputed territory between Texas and Mexico was because Texas claimed all the land up to the Nueces River and the Mexican government claimed all the land to the Rio Grande River.

False; other way around

The Force Act gave former Confederates the right to vote.

False; protect black voters, but by this time many African Americans were too frightened to exercise their rights.

General War Order No. 1 was an order for Union forces to move against the South on:

February 22

Proponents of the Constitution were called:

Federalists

In which one of the following countries did most of the manumitted blacks from the U.S. settle in?

Liberia

In which of the following states was a law passed limiting the slave workday?

Louisiana

tidewater

Low-lying land along a seacoast through which tides flow.

Which of the following does not describe the state of the country's preparedness for the War of 1812?

Loyal Americans were eager to give up their civilian jobs to volunteer to fight for the cause of their nation.

Which General led the American forces in World War II on the Pacific front?

MacArthur

state using ten percent of land for farming

Maine

ratified

Make valid by approving; confirmed.

bootlegging

Making or selling liquor illegally.

How did some U.S. citizens oppose the Vietnam war?

Many expressed opposition through protest marches.

state with the most people per square mile

Maryland

Which of the following four states were called the border states?

Maryland Kentucky Missouri Delaware

most densely populated state

Massachusetts

After his defeat at Manassas, General McDowell was replaced by General:

McClellan

Which of the following cities in Mexico was captured by American troops during the war?

Mexico City

By the early 1900s, what were the two leading industrial regions in the United States?

Mid-Atlantic North Central

state with fewest people per square mile

Minnesota

state with a higher slave population than white population

Mississippi

Which six states immediately followed the first state in secession?

Mississippi Georgia Louisiana Florida Texas Alabama

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 provided that:

Missouri be admitted as a slave state Maine be admitted as a free state slavery was prohibited in the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36° 30' north latitude line, with the exception of Missouri

Missouri Compromise

Missouri was admitted as a slave state; Maine as a free state; area north of 36° 30' in the Louisiana Purchase would be closed to slavery; brought about because of Alabama; introduced by Henry Clay

Henry Ford

Model T

specie

Money in the form of coins; metal money.

reparations

Money paid by the defeated countries for acts of war.

The policy that European nations should not interfere with America was known as the _____.

Monroe Doctrine

Saracens

Muslim Turks who conquered the Arabs in the A.D. 1000s leading to the Crusades.

Select the two men who headed the Axis powers of Germany and Italy in World War II.

Mussolini Hitler

The United States' counteraction to Communist infiltration in Europe was:

NATO

The men who led the three well-known slave revolts were:

Nat Turner Gabriel Prosser Denmark Vesey

In 1866, the first attempt in the United States at a union for workers was called the

National Labor Union

Which of the following was the first labor organization that began in 1866?

National Labor Union

Formosa

Nationalist Chinese Republic

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 granted citizenship to all people born in the United States except:

Native Americans

collective bargaining

Negotiation between organized workers and employers on wages, hours, conditions, and benefits.

The declaration of war in 1812 was strongly opposed by:

New England merchants

The terms of the Treaty of Ghent included all of the following except:

New Orleans was returned to Great Britain; include boundaries were restored to their pre-war locations the two nations agreed to stop fighting

largest NE State

New York

Henry Kissinger was secretary of state under which president?

Nixon

Which of the following statements is true of life in the West?

No permanent class of laborers existed.

Stephen Douglas

Northern Democrat candidate

Dred Scott

Not a citizen so couldn't sue. Sued for his freedom but lost.

most populous Western state

Ohio

state with largest free black population

Ohio

Congress adopted the ______ asking Parliament not to break from the colonies until a compromise could be worked out.

Olive Branch Petition

dictator

One ruling absolutely and often oppressively.

artisan

One trained in some mechanic art or trade.

pacifist

One who opposes military ideals, war, or military preparedness, and instead seeks settlement of disputes by negotiation.

agrarian

Organized or designed to promote agricultural interests.

indigenous

Originating in the region or country where found; native.

stereotypes

Oversimplified images of a person or group held in common by members of a group.

In which of the following cities were peace talks held with the North Vietnamese?

Paris

"If this be treason, make the most of it," was said by:

Patrick Henry

The man who said "If this be treason, make the most of it," was:

Patrick Henry

infiltration

Penetration for the purpose of subversive activity.

fall line

Place where rivers descend in falls or rivers from a piedmont to a plain.

Hitler soon spread his destructive power to:

Poland

Two countries seized by Hitler included:

Poland Austria

Jefferson Davis

President of the Confederacy

Vietcong

President who sent soldiers to South Vietnam as advisors

bourgeoisie

Property owners and businesspeople as a class, as contrasted with the working class or proletariat.

Lord Grenville's program included the:

Quartering Act

The act that divided the South into five military districts was the:

Reconstruction Act

Abraham Lincoln

Republican Party candidate

The last state to ratify the Constitution was:

Rhode Island

smallest NE State

Rhode Island

In the 1800s, what city was the most industrial in the South and was also the nation's tobacco center?

Richmond

In which of the following cities was the Confederate capital?

Richmond

The First Continental Congress drew up a Declaration of

Rights and Grievances

Which pair of men were responsible for arranging the purchase of the Louisiana Territory?

Robert Livingston and James Monroe

The black slave who would later captain a Union ship was

Robert Smalls

Allied countries represented at the Paris peace talks included all of the following except:

Russia

A factor hindering the German invasion of Russia was:

Russian guerrilla warfare

Khrushchev

Russian premier

The Committees of Correspondence were organized by:

Samuel Adams

The arrest of two men resulted in the rides of Paul Revere and William Dawes. Which two men were arrested?

Samuel Adams John Hancock

The first cotton-spinning mill in the United States was built by:

Samuel Slater

Anti-American spirit increased in Latin America when the United States intervened in the governments of which four nations?

Santo Domingo Haiti Nicaragua Mexico

Henry Kissinger served under President Nixon as the United States _______.

Secretary of State

General Grant defeated the Confederate forces at Pittsburgh Landing in the Battle of:

Shiloh

Blacks from Europe were relocated in _____.

Sierra Leone

The first Englishman to sail around the world was:

Sir Francis Drake

Slave Codes

Slaves could not own property, real or personal. Slaves were not citizens and were not able to prosecute offenses in court. Slaves were not allowed to testify in court, except against another slave or freedman. Slaves could not be a party in binding contracts. Slaves could not carry weapons, and were not allowed to strike any white person, even in self-defense. Slaves were not allowed to visit the homes of white people or freedmen, nor could these people visit slaves in their "quarters." Slaves could not meet in groups unless a white person was present. Slaves could not leave their plantation without permission. Slaves could not accept, possess, nor transfer any literature that might provoke a revolt. According to the law, slaves were not to be taught to read.

How was the demand for labor on the "slave frontier" met?

Slaves were sold in the South by owners in the border states.

sod

Soil filled with the roots of grass, herbs, and so forth

black freedman living in New York, captured and sold in the New Orleans slave market

Solomon Northrup

What statement best describes the position of most Northerners toward slavery?

Some states passed personal liberty laws for runaway slaves.

Which state was first to secede from the Union?

South Carolina

William Harper

South Carolina Nullification Ordinance of 1832

John Breckenridge

Southern Democratic Party candidate

What best defines nullification?

Southern senators Calhoun and Hayne argued that Congress could not pass laws that favored one region of the country over another.

The dictatorial Russian leader who took power after Lenin was .

Stalin

The Kansas-Nebraska Act was introduced by:

Stephen Douglas

What best defines the Freeport Doctrine?

Stephen Douglas' position that slavery could be excluded from a territory if officials did not pass laws to protect it

apropos

Suited to the time, place, or occasion.

sectionalism

Support for one section without regard for the needs of the other sections or the nation as a whole.

sovereignty

Supreme political power or authority.

In which of the following regions in California was gold discovered?

Sutter's Fort

Which of the following were neutral?

Switzerland Spain Scandinavia Holland

The only Southern state to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment was:

Tennessee

state with largest slave population

Tennessee

Fort Henry was located on the:

Tennessee River

The act that prohibited the president from removing Federal officials previously approved by the Senate was the:

Tenure of Office Act

literacy test

Test required to indicate the ability of a person to read and write English or to present evidence, such as a school diploma, of his ability to read and write.

state with the fewest people per square mile

Texas

The victory at Trenton was important because it caused France to sign a treaty with America that would provide the aid America so desperately needed.

The British attempt to cut New England off from the rest of the colonies failed when Burgoyne surrendered his army at Saratoga.

Kuomintang

The Chinese Nationalist Party led by Chiang Kai-shek.

How did the French react to Jay's Treaty with England?

The French began to capture American ships.

Which best defines ratified?

The United States joins the United Nations.

rehabilitation

The act of restoring to a state of health and useful activity through training, therapy, and guidance.

foreclosure

The act of taking away a mortgage.

emancipation

The act or process of setting free; release.

nullification

The action of a state setting aside a national law it considers unconstitutional.

In what four ways did the United States change after the end of the Spanish-American War?

The added possessions meant new responsibilities for the United States. The United States navy increased in size. The United States involvement in international affairs increased. Agriculture increased in the United States following the war.

capital

The amount of money or property that a company or a person uses in carrying on a business; national or individual wealth as produced by industry and available for reinvestment in the production of goods.

reprisal

The application of force by one nation against another in retaliation for acts committed.

How did World War II affect the American economy?

The country began to recover from the effects of the Depression.

mercantilism

The economic system prevailing in Europe in the 1500s and 1600s which favored a balance of exports over imports, national wealth being measured by the amount of gold and silver possessed.

disarmament

The elimination or limitation of armed forces, military equipment, or weapons of war.

colonization

The establishment of a colony or colonies.

monopoly

The exclusive control of a commodity or production by a business.

Vietnamization

The gradual transfer of fighting in Vietnam from United States soldiers to South Vietnamese troops.

Renaissance

The great revival of art and learning in Europe during the 1300s, 1400s, and 1500s.

manifest destiny

The idea that the United States should extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

Which of the following statements does not describe the importance of the Alaskan Purchase?

The land lacks valuable raw materials.

Toleration Act

The law enacted in Maryland that allowed the colonists to have freedom of religion.

urbanization

The mass movement of rural people to the urban areas of the country.

optimal

The most favorable or best.

Prohibition

The movement banning the buying and selling of liquor.

growing season

The period between the last killing frost in the spring and the first killing frost in the fall.

Middle Ages

The period in European history between ancient and modern times, from about A.D. 500 to 1450.

Which of the following statements is true of President Harding's program of normalcy?

The policy was supported by the people of the United States.

indulgences

The practice that eternal punishment for sin may be lessened by doing good works, known as "doing penance."

progressivism

The promotion of new and more liberal ideas and changes.

hedonistic

The pursuit of pleasure as the chief activity of life.

Islam

The religion founded by Mohammed. In its essence Islam holds to the doctrine of the unity and omnipotence of Allah, and of the responsibility of every human being to Allah.

compromise

The settlement of a disagreement when each party gives up part of his or her demands.

What effect did Stowe's stories of little Eva, Uncle Tom, and Simon Legree have upon the slavery issue?

The stories became a wedge of division between the North and South over the issue of slavery.

internationalism

The thinking that a nation should be actively involved in world affairs.

isolationism

The thinking that opposes a nation's involvement in political or military affairs outside its hemisphere.

antebellum

The time before the American Civil War.

Many of the serious problems that plagued the government under the Articles of Confederation developed because of the limited power of the central government.

True

Many people thought World War I would be the last war.

True

Hitler's power in Europe was seriously checked when the United States entered the war.

True

Hours, wages, and working conditions were problem areas for the factory worker.

True

If the British had accepted the Olive Branch Petition, the Revolutionary War might have been averted.

True

It was estimated that 50,000 slaves escaped by the Underground Railroad between 1830

True

Jackson opposed the national bank because he felt that it enabled eastern businesspeople to make money at the expense of southern planters and western farmers.

True

Jackson's last years were plagued by financial troubles brought about by his fight against the national bank.

True

Japan seized Pacific islands to boost its economy and trade.

True

Jefferson's "Revolution of 1800" was not as much of a revolution as he thought.

True

Jefferson's administration was the beginning of popular government in the United States.

True

Kennedy's firm but cautious action in the Cuban missile crisis resulted in the disassembling of Russian missiles.

True

Lincoln did not want to send more troops to Fort Sumter because of the possible secession of Virginia and other loyal states.

True

MacArthur was opposed to Truman's policy of containment in Korea.

True

Manufacturing accounted for 12 percent of the workers in the West

True

Many historians believe the leading motive for the War of 1812 was the western desire for land expansion.

True

Many scandals brought suspicions concerning Harding's credibility.

True

Mao Zedong headed the Communist forces in China; Chiang Kai-shek headed the Nationalists.

True

Nathan Hale gave his life for his country.

True

One factor that enraged farmers in Massachusetts leading to Shays' Rebellion was that the state raised taxes.

True

Panama successfully revolted against Colombia when it refused the U.S. offer for the canal's construction.

True

Perry and Hay were involved in United States affairs in the Far East.

True

President Harding developed a post war program to return to normalcy because people were weary of fighting for causes and campaigns; they wanted to center their interest on their own betterment.

True

President Lincoln urged the South to reconsider its actions before seceding.

True

Prohibition was backed by many groups of the United States' religious community.

True

Prussia led Europe in military readiness techniques.

True

Quakers often opened their homes to runaways.

True

Robert Livingston and James Monroe

True

Rough Riders, Big Stick, and Square Deal all have Theodore Roosevelt in common.

True

Russia continued to occupy conquered lands, often controlling their governments.

True

Shays' Rebellion united the colonies in recognizing a need for a strong national government.

True

Slavery held the South in bondage to an archaic way of life.

True

Slavery was prohibited north of the Ohio River.

True

Slaves were held in all thirteen of the original colonies.

True

Social Darwinism implies a "survival of the fittest."

True

The Albany Plan of Union was rejected by the colonies.

True

The Alien and Sedition Acts violated the First Amendment which guarantees freedom of speech and press.

True

The Alien and Sedition Acts were a costly mistake for the Federalists because they were contrary to the ideas found in the Bill of Rights.

True

The Atlantic Charter demonstrated American and British unity in seeking to restore peace and self-determinism in Europe after World War II.

True

The British attempt to cut New England off from the rest of the colonies failed when Burgoyne surrendered his army at Saratoga.

True

The British navy needed sailors and began taking them off American vessels by force in a procedure called impressment.

True

The Central Intelligence Agency backed the Bay of Pigs invasion of Castro's Cuba.

True

The Confederacy needed control of Fort Sumter, located in Charleston harbor.

True

The Constitution provides for three branches of government: the executive, the legislative, and the judicial.

True

The Cumberland Road and the Erie Canal improved early American travel.

True

The Eighteenth Amendment prohibited the buying and selling of liquor.

True

The English turned down the Albany Plan of Union because they preferred to deal with the colonies individually rather than as a group.

True

The Erie Canal stretched from Lake Erie to the Hudson River.

True

The Federalist essays were written by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay in support of the Constitution.

True

The Fourteen Points encouraged the Allied soldiers by giving them goals for which to fight.

True

The Fourteen Points were dropped behind enemy lines to encourage surrender.

True

The French and Indian War was the final colonial war between France and England.

True

The German military build-up by Hitler violated the Versailles Treaty.

True

The German president in the 1930s was Paul von Hindenburg.

True

The Intolerable Acts were aimed at punishing Boston for its infamous Tea Party.

True

The Judiciary Act of 1789 provided for a Supreme Court made up of a Chief Justice and five associate justices.

True

The Klan reached its peak population in 1924.

True

The Ku Klux Klan was created mainly by rural people.

True

The Panic of 1819 was due in part to the rapid expansion in industry and agriculture and to uncontrolled land speculation.

True

The Potsdam meetings determined the future of occupied European nations following World War II.

True

The Revolution was not caused so much by the acts of the British government as by their attitudes.

True

The Russian Sputnik began the space race.

True

The Second World War in Europe ended May 8, 1945.

True

The Sino-Soviet Pact joined China and Russia in a treaty.

True

The South is considered as a rural and agrarian region.

True

The Southern Democrats refused to nominate Stephen Douglas because he would not change his stand on popular sovereignty.

True

The Treaty of Versailles was violated by Hitler's military build-up.

True

The Twelfth Amendment provides for the electors to cast separate ballots for president and for vice president.

True

The United Nations consisted of fifty nations, including the United States.

True

The United Nations had a more successful start than the League of Nations.

True

The United States and Great Britain sought no intervention in conquered lands after World War II.

True

The United States began a program of restrictive immigration during the 1920s.

True

The United States struggled between policies of internationalism and isolationism during the 1920s.

True

The United States wanted a change from Wilson's progressivism after World War I.

True

The United States was concerned about uprisings in Cuba because Cuba was close to the U.S., and the U.S. had invested money in Cuban businesses.

True

The attack on Tokyo surprised the Japanese because they were told the U.S. planes could not get close without detection.

True

The concept of Vietnamization gave international respect to the pullout of American troops from Vietnam.

True

The dangers in the military build-up of Germany, Italy, and Japan were they used force to take what they wanted and their desire for power increased.

True

The election of 1824 was settled in the House of Representatives since none of the four candidates had polled a majority in the electoral college.

True

The first battle fought after Fort Sumter was the battle at Manassas Junction.

True

The first direct tax levied by England on the colonists was the stamp tax.

True

The first political parties were formed around regional and economic differences.

True

The main issue of the Cold War concerned the occupation of the conquered areas of World War II.

True

The military build-up of Germany and Italy set the stage for World War II.

True

The military build-ups of Hitler and Mussolini gave them the advantage over nearby smaller countries.

True

The nation expanding its power in the western Pacific was Japan.

True

The progressive movement fought various problems within the United States.

True

The shortage of money in the colonies forced the colonists to use a system of barter.

True

The states of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Illinois, and Wisconsin were formed in the Northwest Territory.

True

The steamboat was used not only on American waterways but also in international trade.

True

The treatment slaves received depended on the personality of the individual owner, not the slave codes.

True

The trials of Nuremberg gave many Nazi leaders the death sentence.

True

The war in Europe came to an end on May 8, 1945.

True

The war was the first global conflict.

True

Thomas Pickney's treaty with Spain won for the United States free navigation of the Mississippi and permission for American traders to deposit goods for shipment at the mouth of the river.

True

Thomas Pinckney's treaty with Spain won for the United States free navigation of the Mississippi and permission for American traders to deposit goods for shipment at the mouth of the river.

True

To become industrial, a nation must have raw materials, workers, and capital.

True

Uncle Tom's Cabin sold three hundred thousand copies by the end of 1852 and was banned in the South.

True

Under Andrew Jackson the forces of nationalism and sectionalism were in continual conflict.

True

Urbanization gave African Americans far greater opportunities for advancement.

True

Urbanization gave to African Americans hope of better opportunities and advancement.

True

War stimulates a nation's economy by increasing production and jobs.

True

When Russia cut off western supply routes to Berlin, the United States and Great Britain responded with the Berlin Airlift.

True

When Washington said that the United States would be "friendly and impartial" in regard to foreign conflicts he was, in essence, saying that the United States would remain neutral.

True

While Truman maintained a policy of containment in Korea, MacArthur sought an all-out war for victory.

True

Women and children were victims of abuse in the factory.

True

Wood and Gorgas were both concerned with controlling yellow fever.

True

United States and British counteractions to Communist expansion in Europe included which of the four actions?

Truman Doctrine the Marshall Plan the Berlin Airlift NATO

In the early 1800s, the growth of trade between Western settlements and Eastern towns and cities was encouraged by the development of:

canals

What means of transportation provided the shortest shipping time for goods between Westerners and those in the East?

canals

The South had all the necessary ingredients for industry after the Civil War except:

capital

Captain David Farragut

captured port of New Orleans

What four things were blacks NOT allowed to do according to the codes?

carry weapons vote meet in groups with other blacks hold public office

To prevent one branch from taking too much power, the Constitutional Convention set up a system of:

checks and balances

Oliver O. Howard

chief of Freedman's Bureau

The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, made in opposition to the Alien and Sedition Acts:

claimed that the states could nullify any actions by the federal government that they judged unconstitutional

The Proclamation Act of 1763:

closed the lands west of the Allegheny Mountains to settlers

Which of the following were potential sources of power for United States industry?

coal fields oil deposits rivers and streams

General Halleck

commanded Union forces in the East

McClellan

commanded army of the Potomac

Westmoreland

commander of American forces in Vietnam

George McDuffie

considered slavery an improvement over life in Africa

Five factors aiding the booming growth of corporations included:

consolidation monopolies stifling competition modern machinery specialists

The two major difficulties faced by the Panama Canal project were:

construction problems yellow fever

Select the three items that do not illustrate why the Scots-Irish immigrated to America.

continual warfare among the many Scots-Irish states religious persecution of the Protestant peasants heavy taxation and seizure of property by the warring factions

Four prewar conflicts were over:

control of the Balkan States North African colonies Alsace-Lorraine freeing of Italians under Austrian rule

The most important crop raised in the South was:

cotton

Eli Whitney

cotton gin; developed system of interchangeable parts; increased production

NLU

curb of inflation and create eight hour work days

Jackson and Lee

defeated Pope in the second battle of Bull Run

Two incidents that brought demands for war with Spain were:

derogatory letter of the Spanish Ambassador explosion of the Maine

Duryea brothers

developed a successful automobile

A factor of Eisenhower's foreign policy included:

developing friendships with foreign countries helping foreign nations recover from war

General Scott's strategy

divide and conquer

The Dawes Act:

divided Native American reservation land

Mason-Dixon

dividing line between North and South

Four European military build-ups included:

increase in weapons increased military budgets naval build-up fortification of boundaries

Germany, Italy, and Japan built up their militaries to:

increase their power

Southern planters objected to the tariff because it:

increased the cost of manufactured goods

Open-Door Policy

international policy giving all countries equal trading rights with China

An unsuccessful German offensive was the:

invasion of Great Britain

Jethro Wood

iron plow

greenbacks

issued as Northern currency

Congress didn't provide the army with enough equipment because:

it didn't have enough money

As Great Britain reaped the benefits of its Industrial Revolution:

it tried to keep English inventions and methods to itself

The principal instrument of England's overseas expansion whereby individuals invested and profited in proportion to the number of shares purchased is known as a:

joint-stock company

Which factors caused the enforcement of the Eighteenth Amendment to break down?

lack of government agents to control illegal liquor-related crimes people opposing Prohibition did little to help authorities

What were two disadvantages the colonies faced in starting a war with England?

lack of money and equipment lack of organization

Two last-minute problems in the American attack on Tokyo included:

lack of nighttime hours not enough gas

Three problems faced by labor unions included:

lack of unity opposition from corporations blacklisting of leaders

Nat Turner

led a slave revolt in which over a hundred people were killed

Paul Cuffe

led a slave revolt in which over a hundred people were killed

Lieutant Colonel James Doolittle

led the Tokyo bombing attack

Theodore Roosevelt

led the U.S. out of the philosophy of isolationism into world leader status

Thomas A. Edison

light bulb

Three weaknesses of the Continental Army were:

little organization lack of equipment untrained

Warren Harding

low-keyed leader

Four uses for oil included:

lubrication producing steam operating internal combustion engines lighting kerosene lamps

George Washington's proclamation of neutrality was:

made because the United States was too weak to wage war

The Second Continental Congress:

made provisions for a Continental Army with George Washington as commander-in-chief adopted a "Declaration of Causes of Necessity of Taking up Arms" endorsed the Olive Branch Petition

assembly line

made putting together of goods piece by piece; increased production greatly

Ku Klux Klan

made up largely of rural, white supremacist Americans; began in 1865; started Nathaniel B. Forrest

What two groups of people worked in the factory?

managers and laborers

Four items the United States supplied the Allies with were:

manpower food a boost in morale military equipment

Which of the following statements is true of Missouri?

many of the settlers were slaveowners from the South

The new black codes allowed the blacks to do what five things?

marry by law swear out affidavits in criminal cases go to school testify as witnesses during a trial sue or be sued in civil courts

The battle of the Alamo in Texas resulted in a:

massacre

Cyrus McCormick

mechanical reaper

The idea that the power of a country is measured in terms of its gold and silver is called:

mercantilism

The U.S. Constitution provides for all of the following branches of government except for:

military

What two advantages did Hitler and Mussolini have over nearby countries?

military strength modern weapons

To prepare for war or combat is called:

mobilization

Four factors increasing industrial power included:

modern production methods consolidation improved distribution specialists

Japanese-American Treaty

negotiated by Perry

President Lyndon B. Johnson decided _________ for reelection in 1968.

not to run

The Homestead Act:

offered land in the West to any citizen willing to develop it

Edwin Drake

oil

Louis Armstrong

one of the most famous musicians of all time

Truman

opposed all-out United States war with China approved use of the atomic bomb

P.G.T. Beauregard

ordered the bombardment of Fort Sumter

What was the purpose of the Townshend Program?

pass taxes to pay the salaries of those enforcing the law

Alien Enemies Act

permitted president to imprison or deport dangerous aliens in time of war

Alien Act

permitted the President to deport aliens whom he judged "dangerous"

Which minority wielded greatest political power in its region in the period before the Civil War?

planters in the South

Big Stick policy

policy of soft talk but an efficient navy to keep the terms of Monroe Doctrine

Square Deal

policy stating that labor, big business, and the common man should be given an equal deal

The South's main concession to the North in the Compromise of 1850 was:

popular sovereignty

The doctrine that allowed people living in the territories to decide the issue of slavery through their governmental bodies was called:

popular sovereignty

A main provision of the Monroe Doctrine was to:

prevent European interference in North and South America

Jay's Treaty of 1794:

prevented a war between England and the United States

steel

provided a tough, efficient building material for industrial purposes

NDEA

provided money for studies in math and science

The Intolerable Acts were passed to:

punish boston

Morrill Tariff

raised money for the North

Three requirements for industrial growth include:

raw materials workers capital

During Jackson's term in office he:

refused to use Federal troops to protect the Cherokee tribe

The League of Nations was established to:

regulate international relations

Wade-Davis Bill

required citizens to take oath before readmission as a state

The Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution, adopted in 1804:

required the electoral college to vote separately for president and vice president

Gulf of Tonkin

resolution giving President Johnson authority to retaliate militarily in the Vietnam War

After the Spanish-American War, the United States helped Cuba in what four ways?

restore order rebuild the country get rid of yellow fever set up a republican government

Alexander Hamilton proposed paying the entire national debt at its face value in order to:

restore the nation's economic credit so that the government could raise money in the future

The Alien and Sedition Acts were designed to:

restrain Republican opposition to the Federalist administration

North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Arkansas

seceded after fall of Ft. Sumter

A political democracy needs a strong social foundation if it is to survive. Which of the following two changes helped develop a strong social foundation?

separation of church and state state governments were established

Cuba allowed the United States to take what three actions?

set up a naval base intervene to preserve their independence intervene to maintain government

drainage basin

A land drained by a river and its tributaries.

Italy, Germany, and Japan were known as the ______ powers during World War II.

Axis

Protected by military troops, the new legislatures passed some laws beneficial to the South:

(1) the elimination of property qualifications for voting in the places where they still existed; (2) reapportionment of state legislatures and representation in Congress; (3) abolishment of debtors imprisonment; (4) provision of free public schools; and (5) the restoration of the roads, bridges, and factories in the South.

Three important factors influenced the Southern lifestyle:

(1) the gentleman planter and his lifestyle, (2) the hot and humid Southern weather with dry summers and occasional winter frosts, and (3) the black slaves.

armada

A fleet of ships or large force of moving things.

despotism

A government of tyranny or oppression led by an absolute ruler.

What was a result of the Land Ordinance of 1787?

A government was provided for the Northwest.

Republican Radicals

A group in Congress that wished to deal harshly with the defeated South.

William Grayson

."The Hireling and the Slave"

Wilson's Fourteen Points

1. "open covenants openly arrived at," with no secret international agreements in the future; 2. freedom of the seas outside territorial waters in peace and war, except in the case of international action to enforce international treaties; 3. removal of all possible economic barriers and establishment of equal trade conditions among nations; 4. reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety; 5. impartial adjustments of colonial claims; 6. evacuation of all German troops from Russia, an opportunity for Russia independently to determine its own political development and national policy, and acceptance of Russia as a free nation; 7. evacuation and restoration of Belgium; 8. restoration of France and return of Alsace-Lorraine to France; 9. readjustment of the Italian frontier; 10. limited self-government for the people of Austria-Hungary; 11. reconstruction of Balkan states with access to the sea, and independence guaranteed for the Balkan countries; 12. self-determination for Turkey, and guarantees that the Dardanelles be permanently opened as a free passage to ships of all nations; 13. independence for Poland and an outlet to the sea; and 14. formation of a general association of nations.

1.Superior military leadership . 2. Established governmental agencies . 3. Troops physically prepared for fighting . 4. Adequate transportation . 5. Diversified agriculture . 6. A defensive stand . 7. Available natural resources . 8. Factories able to produce munitions and supplies . 9. Familiar with terrain and climate . 10. A larger source of manpower .

1. South 2. North 3. South 4. North 5. North 6. South 7. North 8. North 9. South 10. North

1. peace ending World War I 2. disputed French-German territory 3. Wilson's peace plan 4. organization to secure world peace 5. British prime minister 6. French premier 7. Italian premier

1. TREATY OF VERSAILLES 2. ALSACE - LORRAINE 3. FOURTEEN POINTS 4. LEAGUE OF NATIONS 5. LLOYD GEORGE 6. CLEMENCEAU 7. ORLANDO

internal combustion

A heat engine in which the fuel burns inside the engine itself.

Washington Disarmament Conference

1921 meeting limiting military equipment

Immigration Act

1924 legislation restricting immigration

Kellogg-Briand Pact

1928 agreement renouncing war

During the period of the Crusades, warfare between Christians and Muslims lasted nearly:

200 years

The growing season in the interior plains lasts how many months?

5 to 7

Many people urged America to fight the British to hold the northern boundary of Oregon at:

54° 40'

dissenter

A Protestant in England or Scotland who belongs to some church other than the established church.

arsenal

A building for making and storing arms and military equipment.

quarter

A certain part of a community; a place to live.

indentured servant

A colonist who contracted to work for another colonist for a certain period of time.

joint-stock company

A company whose capital is owned in shares by stockholders, any one of whom can sell some or all of his or her shares without the consent of the others.

stalemate

A deadlock or tie.

tariff

A duty levied by a government on imported or exported goods.

quitrent

A fixed rent paid in money, instead of services rendered.

The mass development of labor-saving devices for farmers was known as the _____ Revolution.

Agricultural

Teapot Dome Scandal

Albert B. Fall

The Treaty of Paris of 1763 returned:

All of the above (Martinique to France Guadeloupe to France Haiti to France)

During World War II, France, the United States, Russia, and Great Britain composed the:

Allied forces

Divisive tactics used in the Battle of Normandy were led by:

American paratroopers

Under the terms of the Embargo Act passed by Congress:

American ships could not transport goods to foreign ports

Truman Doctrine

American support of countries opposed to Communism

Which one of the following statements best describes America's postwar attitudes?

Americans were concerned about the Communist takeover of Russia in 1917.

vengeance

An act of revenge for a wrong or injury.

astrolabe

An astronomical instrument used to measure the altitude of the sun or stars.

malaria

An infectious disease, caused by a parasite that is transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito, that causes periods of chills, sweating, and fevers.

chattel

An item of movable property.

embargo

An order restricting certain goods and/or ships from entering or leaving a country.

habeas corpus

An order to bring a person before a court to find whether or not he is being held lawfully.

Americans who opposed the Constitution were called:

Antifederalists

Separatists

Any of the believers who broke from the Church of England during the reign of James I.

acquisition

Anything gained or acquired.

Which of the following is not characteristic of the Tallmadge Amendment?

As a group, the Southern representatives supported the amendment.

All of the following countries sided with England against Hitler except for:

Austria-Hungary

James Weldon Johnson

Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man

proprietary colony

Belonging to a proprietor; owned by a private person.

medieval

Belonging to or having to do with the Middle Ages (the years from about A.D. 500 to 1450).

The colonist who convinced the French to aid the colonies was

Benjamin Franklin

The president of the first American antislavery society was:

Benjamin Franklin

The first ten amendments to the Constitution that safeguard the rights of individuals are called the:

Bill of Rights

The bitter confrontations between proslavery and antislavery factions earned the new Kansas territory the name ______ .

Bleeding Kansas

The increased United States involvement in world affairs included which of the following five ways:

Boxer Rebellion Open-Door Policy Spanish-American War Japanese-Russian settlement Algeciras Conference

What three nations were allies of the United States in the war with Japan?

Britain Australia China

The United States was brought to the brink of war with England in 1794 because of:

British seizure of American ships and impressment of American seamen

What was the effect of the change from hand power to machine power in industry?

Business moved out of homes to the factory.

The fertile central valley is located in:

California

Blacks were encouraged to immigrate to what five areas?

Canada Haiti Mexico South America Western Frontier

United States reinforcements contributed greatly to three Allied victories in France at:

Cantigny Argonne Forest Chateau-Thierry

impeachment

Charge of misbehavior in office against a government official.

The nation's largest railroad center was located in:

Chicago

premier

Chief minister of state.

The Axis powers included all except:

China

Select five places that were targeted for an eventual Communist takeover.

China Cuba Indochina Korea Vietnam

Boxer Rebellion

Chinese goal of trying to rid their homeland of all foreigners

The nation's pork-packing center was located in:

Cincinnati

The act that forbade the issue of presidential orders to the army without going through the General of the Army was the:

Command of the Army Act

Thomas Paine was the author of:

Common Sense

Thomas Paine wrote:

Common Sense

What four concerns did the United States have when Eisenhower took office?

Communism inflation taxes Federal spending

A Russian action that almost triggered another European conflict was:

Communist propaganda

"Stonewall" Jackson

Confederate West Point graduate; kept Union army in Washington D.C

Select four weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

Congress had no power to collect taxes. Equal voting power in Congress led to jealousies between states. Congress had no power to control trade. There was no system of national courts

state with highest percentage of land being farmed

Connecticut

blockade

Control of who or what goes into or out of a place, especially by police or by an army or by a navy.

How did the textile industry profit from the agricultural revolution?

Costs were decreased.

Castro

Cuban dictator

What was a major cause of the Spanish American War?

Cuban independence from Spain

The reaper was invented by:

Cyrus McCormick

Which of the following was not a provision of the Monroe Doctrine?

Dangerous immigrants to America would be deported.

amphibious

Debarking from ship to land.

Certain rights were not given by the government but that men were born with them is stated in the:

Declaration of Independence

acquitted

Declared not guilty.

state with more free black people than slaves

Delaware

longitude

Distance east or west on the earth's surface, measured in degrees from a certain meridian (line from the North Pole to the South Pole). Usually the meridian in Greenwich, England, known as the Prime Meridian, is used as a starting point.

latitude

Distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees. A degree of latitude is about 69 miles (111 km).

Allied strategy on the European front in World War II did not include:

Doolittle's raid

durante vita

During life.

Who did Churchill and Roosevelt appoint to lead the Normandy invasion?

Dwight D. Eisenhower

The commander of the Allied forces on the European front during World War II was General:

Dwight Eisenhower

The House of Representatives brought impeachment proceedings against President Johnson because he removed what man from office as Secretary of War?

Edwin M. Stanton

The Allied commander in Europe in World War II was:

Eisenhower

The nation that did not take part in the Potsdam meetings was:

France

Four nations siding with Russia included:

France England Italy Japan Serbia Belgium Montenegro

Which of the following statements is not true of the Allied military strategy?

France invaded Germany from the south.

The North Star was published by:

Frederick Douglass

This colony had an advantage over the others because it was run by one person, and thus decisions could be made quickly. It also had established friendly relations with Native American tribes as a necessity for the fur trading business. Do the above characteristics describe the French or English colonies?

French

Four factors for improvements in transportation included:

Fulton's Folly Tom Thumb the airplane the Model T

In 1776, General William Howe defeated:

General Washington in New York

Four decisions of the Potsdam meetings included:

German disarmament a cut-back of occupation troops the development of German democratic government the trial of Nazi leaders

Four German actions bringing European tension to the breaking point included:

German involvement in the Balkans proposed German railroad build-up of German navy abrasiveness of Kaiser Wilhelm

What best defines an armistice?

Germany ends hostilities on November 11, 1918.

What three events resulted in United States forces intervening in Latin American governments?

Germany threatened to invade Mexicans revolted against their government Pancho Villa led raids into the United States

speculative

Given to theorizing or taking a chance.

Which one of the following statements is true of progressivism?

Government should control large corporations and special interest groups.

Fort Donelson was taken by General:

Grant

Three islands seized by Japan included:

Guam Corregidor Wake

In the peace treaty after the Spanish-American War, the United States received possession of what three areas?

Guam Philippines Puerto Rico

MacArthur was relieved of his command in the Korean conflict because he defied President .

Harry Truman

Why was Senator Charles Sumner attacked in the Senate chamber?

He favored the free-soil constitution of Kansas; attacked by Preston Brooks

How did Francis Lowell affect the clothing industry?

He invented the first practical power loom.

How did Henry Ford affect American industry?

He successfully used the assembly line to produce the Model T.

Why did John Brown attack the Federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry in Virginia?

He wanted a base from which to start a slave uprising.

Why did Johnson back the war in Vietnam?

He wanted to prevent a Communist takeover of Southeast Asia.

Which statement about General Robert E. Lee is not true?

He was a wealthy slave owner.

The Compromise of 1850 was proposed by:

Henry Clay

_______ led the Communist forces in Indochina and in North Vietnam.

Ho Chi Minh

The Continental Congress proclaimed the hero at Saratoga was:

Horatio Gates

The group of Northerners that raised money and financed the trip to the Nebraska territory for antislavery settlers were the:

Immigrant Aide Society

chancellor

In Germany and other European countries, a chief minister of state.

To punish the city of Boston for its infamous Tea Party, Parliament passed the:

Intolerable Acts

The greatest number of immigrants coming to the United States came from:

Ireland

guerrilla

Irregular fighting forces often operating at the rear of the enemy and using unconventional tactics.

How did the second Industrial Revolution affect the United States?

It increased the demand for raw materials.

What was the purpose for "checks and balances" in the government?

It made possible a system of accountability.

What is most characteristic of the "Great Compromise" of the Constitution?

It suggested a legislature of the House of Representatives and Senate.

Why was the Model T the most successful passenger car?

It was built by the assembly line method of production.

What was the importance of the battle between the Merrimac and the Monitor?

It was the beginning of a new era in naval warfare.

An opponent of Great Britain during the war was:

Italy

The Mississippi River begins at Lake:

Itasca

Who was the Boston lawyer who opposed the writs of assistance?

James Otis

Who developed a practical steam engine?

James Watt

The first permanent English colony in the New World was at:

Jamestown

Who were Lincoln's three opponents in the 1860 presidential race?

John Bell John Breckenridge Stephen Douglas

____ was a fervent abolitionist who attacked proslavery families in Kansas.

John Brown

Which statement is not true of John Brown's raid?

John Brown became a martyr for most Southerners.

Who led troops in California against Mexico?

John C. Fremont

Select the two men who broke with the Roman Catholic Church.

John Calvin Martin Luther

Battle of Seven Pines

Johnston and Lee attacked McClellan

Kennedy's cautious firmness with the Russian leader during the Cuban missile crisis resulted in the disassembling of missiles.

Khrushchev

In what five ways did the United States counter Soviet threats to free nations?

Korean conflict the Bay of Pigs NATO and SEATO Marshall Plan Vietnam

Woodrow Wilson

League of Nations' author

Who warned Jefferson Davis that the lower Mississippi was important to the existence of the Confederacy?

Lee

Which one of the following statements best describes the war by 1916?

The war reached a stalemate.

How did Mussolini and Hitler fight unemployment in their countries?

They built up the military.

Why did factories readily employ women and children?

They could be paid lower wages.

What do Kentucky and Virginia have in common?

They declared the Alien and Sedition Acts void within their borders.

How did the viewpoints of the United States and Great Britain differ from Russian ideas concerning occupation and government in conquered lands of World War II?

They didn't want any territory.

Why were many Northerners upset with the Compromise of 1850?

They disliked the adoption of a strict fugitive slave law.

What was required of people who wanted to settle in Texas before the Mexican Revolution?

They had to declare they would become loyal Spanish subjects.

Why did the Sons of Liberty boycott English goods?

They were protesting the Stamp Act.

The Declaration of Independence was drawn up by:

Thomas Jefferson

polarize

To acquire two opposite views, principles, or tendencies.

enfranchisement

To admit to citizenship; right of some to vote

mobilize

To assemble and prepare for war or combat.

cede

To give up, surrender, or hand over something to another.

emigrate

To leave a country to live in another place.

secede

To leave an organized group.

malinger

To pretend to be sick or injured in order to escape work or duty.

What impact did the secret societies have upon Reconstruction?

To protect blacks, Congress passed the Force Act.

deplete

To reduce by destroying or consuming.

boycott

To refrain by concerted action from using or purchasing a product or service.

venerate

To regard with deep respect.

manumit

To release from slavery.

propagated

To reproduce, to increase in number or intensity.

buttress

To support and strengthen something.

confiscate

To take by authority, or as if by authority.

Doolittle's raid raised hopes for an American victory in the Pacific by bombing:

Tokyo

Peter Cooper

Tom Thumb steam locomotive

Another name for a Loyalist was:

Tory

Which of the following describes President Nixon's Vietnamization policy?

Transfer of fighting to South Vietnamese troops.

Three steps taken by Bismarck to put Germany in a good defensive position included:

Triple Alliance friendly terms with England friendship with Russia

A peace treaty was signed in Paris by North Vietnam, the Vietcong, South Vietnam, and the United States on January 27, 1973.

True

A worker's independence and creativity were stifled by the factory.

True

About 37 percent of Ohio's land was used for farming.

True

Abraham Lincoln's position in the Lincoln-Douglas debates of 1858 was that he claimed that a divided nation could not stand. His view was that the nation would eventually be either completely free or completely slave.

True

After crossing the Delaware on Christmas night, 1776, Washington and his troops were victorious in the Battles of Trenton and Princeton.

True

After the Treaty of Paris, England was not friendly with the United States.

True

Agriculture accounted for more workers in the West than any other occupation.

True

Alexander Hamilton's economic measures were prompted by his determination to strengthen the national government.

True

Allied forces gathered in England for the Battle of Normandy.

True

Although the United States and Great Britain sought no intervention in occupied countries after World War II, Russia did.

True

America's victory in the Revolutionary War was made more probable because of the aid provided by France.

True

American rehabilitation programs sought to restore soldiers to good health who had fought in Vietnam.

True

An indirect source of the crisis that led to the War of 1812 was the constant demand for more and more land by southern and western expansionists.

True

Andrew Jackson was the first president who did not come from a well-established American family in comfortable circumstances.

True

Andrew Johnson replaced President Lincoln.

True

Bad weather hindered the Allied attack on Normandy.

True

Better wages, entertainment, and opportunities for advancement drew many people to the cities.

True

Both Alliance countries of Germany and Austria-Hungary quarreled with Italy.

True

By 1975 South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia had fallen to the Communists.

True

Commodore Perry was sent to Japan to improve Japanese-American relations.

True

Cooper's steam locomotive was more practical as a carrier of freight than of people.

True

During Jefferson's term in office, the power of the Supreme Court was increased.

True

During the 1800s, the United States only became involved with European affairs when they directly affected the country.

True

During the Jacksonian era more white males gained the right to vote than ever before.

True

During the post-Revolutionary period, most of the states passed laws forbidding the further importation of slaves.

True

England began to tax the colonies heavily to help pay for the French and Indian War.

True

England joined the Allies because of the German defiance of Belgian neutrality.

True

Factory production was greatly improved by standardized parts and assembly line production.

True

Factory safety and sanitary conditions were usually poor.

True

France failed in its attempts to drive the Communists from Indochina.

True

General George McClellan was Lincoln's Democratic opponent in the 1864 election.

True

Ground fighting in the Pacific was led by the United States marines.

True

During the Korean War:

U.S. Marines made a miraculous retreat from the Chosan Reservoir MacArthur was opposed to Truman's policy of containment Chinese volunteers supported North Korea

Why did factory workers dread unemployment?

Unemployment insurance was not available.

standardized parts

Uniform parts that can be substituted interchangeably.

Berlin Airlift

United States and British supply of necessities to Berlin

Alexander Stephens

Vice President of the Confederacy

What two Union victories in the summer of 1863 were the turning point in the war?

Vicksburg and Gettysburg

state with the largest slave population

Virginia

Civil War "Nicknames"

War of the Rebellion The Lost Cause The War Between The States Our Greatest National Disaster

Dwight D. Eisenhower

West Point graduate, President of the United States

What group was negatively affected by the Land Ordinance of 1785?

Western farmers

Allied heads of government at the peace talks included all of the following except:

Wilhelm

Whose rationalization for the existence of slavery is described below? He attacked the economic system of the North and venerated slavery as a more humane and successful system. He also proposed that slaves were better off than the poor people of the industrial North.

William Grayson

The Liberator was published by:

William Lloyd Garrison

Who were five leaders of the abolition movement?

William Lloyd Garrison Theodore Weld Frederick Douglass Sojourner Truth Benjamin Franklin

Who negotiated the purchase of Alaska from Russia?

William Seward

Slavery could never exist in any territory newly acquired by the United States from Mexico according to the:

Wilmot Proviso; it failed

Measures taken against Germany by the Treaty of Versailles did not include:

Wilson's Fourteen Points

Which President supported the policy of progressivism through World War I?

Woodrow Wilson

In which of the following places did the British commander Cornwallis surrender?

Yorktown

Chiang Kai-shek

a Chinese Nationalist leader

Mao Zedong

a Chinese Red army leader

Amistad

a Spanish slave ship taken over by the slaves it was transporting

Marshall

a United States mediator in Chinese civil war

Denmark Vesey

a carpenter in South Carolina who planned a slave revolt

Select the items that led to exploration of the New World.

a desire for direct trade routes by sea the rise of powerful kings who brought organization, strength, and stability to their countries the demand for exotic imports from India and the Far East

Potsdam

a meeting to determine future of occupied European nations

What was a main military strategy of the North?

a naval blockade of all Southern ports

A movement of change in the postwar United States was:

a return to a normal state of affairs

The Treaty of Ghent represented:

a return to conditions as they were prior to the war

Which of the following made California attractive to American settlers?

a rich, fertile central valley a moderate year-round climate natural ports on the Pacific Coast

What is a negative effect of Prohibition?

a rise in crime

Goldwater

accused Democrats of a no-win policy in Vietnam

return of $12 million to China

acted as a healing balm, strengthened the world position of the U.S.

Knights of Labor

admitted all workers regardless of skill, race, or position

Marshall Plan

aid to countries willing to adhere to the program

Wright brothers

airplane

Which of the following is a reflection of the goals of the United States during the Cold War?

all of the above

Chinese volunteers

allies of North Korean Communists

Judiciary Act

an effort to preserve Federalist principles

Which of the following did President Nixon not use to diffuse the public ill-will over Vietnam?

an immediate withdrawal from Vietnam

The striking feature of the Jacksonian era was:

an increase in the influence of the common man

Two emerging factors after the War of 1812 that contributed to development of sectionalism were:

an increase in the number of men voting the concept of manifest destiny

NATO

an organization for defense of Western Europe

Sectional differences were increased:

as the Northeast developed into a strong industrial center when invention of the cotton gin made cotton more profitable when pioneers moved west and demanded internal improvements

Five factors that increased industrial growth in the United States included:

assembly line production better transportation war modern technology Embargo Act of 1807

What did the United States use in the attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 to end the war?

atomic bombs

The Japanese:

attacked Pearl Harbor

Sedition Act

authorized fines up to $5,000 for those hindering government operation

The four factors that caused New England manufacturers to start spinning mills were:

available cotton power from waterfalls the Embargo available labor

Pancho Villa

bandit who killed settlers in New Mexico

America's victory in the Revolutionary War was made more probable for the following four factors:

because George Washington was an excellent leader through money, supplies, soldiers, and ships that were presented through foreign aid from France because of serious blunders on the part of the British commanders because the colonists were courageous in fighting for a cause in which they believed

Which of the following statements best describes the Renaissance?

began because of the rediscovery of learning was hurried along by the invention of the printing press saw the invention of scientific instruments that brought the Age of Exploration

John Quincy Adams

believed it was the inherent right of every human to be free

Antietam

bloodiest single-day battle

One group not in favor of Prohibition was:

bootleggers

The period following the War of 1812 was called the "Era of Good Feelings" because:

both parties buried their differences

Passage of the Townshend Acts caused the colonists to:

boycott English goods

the Alabama

built by the British

How did Congress protect the New England textile industry?

by imposing tariffs

Mark the three elements that describe the following view concerning treatment of the Central Powers, especially Germany, after the war. a peace with vengeance

dividing of land disarming the countries stiff and harsh treatment of Central Powers

Roger B. Taney

effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise

steam power

enabled building of factory away from rivers; powered machines

A political action taken by Mao Zedong was the:

establishment of the People's Republic of China

Four reasons why Japan wanted control of the nearby Pacific islands were:

expansion improved trade fishing access to rubber and oil

Mark the three elements that describe the following view concerning treatment of the Central Powers, especially Germany, after the war. a just peace

fair treatment of all nations involved prevent future hostilities limit bitter feelings

Two strengths of the Continental Army included:

fighting for a common cause making use of British mistakes

Dr. Benjamin Rush

first American antislavery society

By 1914, America's four major industries included all the following except:

fishing; they were food products, textiles, iron and steel, and lumber.

Spanish-American War

for Cuban independence

One weakness of the British army was fighting on ____.

foreign soil

Naturalization Act

foreigners had to live in U.S. 14 years before becoming citizens

The "War Hawks" were:

frontier settlers and farmers of the West and South who wanted to expand America's frontiers

Three problems confronting United States servicemen in Vietnam included:

frustrating situation in Southeast Asia rising resentment at home to the war in Vietnam increasing drug addiction and alcoholism

What best defines reparations?

funds to restore war damage territory in France and Belgium

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 provided for the:

government of new territories

Robert E. Lee

greatest Southern general; commander of the Confederate Army; commanded army of Virginia

Ngo Dinh Diem

head of the South Vietnamese government

Ho Chi Minh

headed Communists in North Vietnam

General Leonard Wood

headed up the project of ridding Cuba of the yellow fever carrying mosquitoes

Freedman's Bureau

helped blacks adjust to freedom

Panama Canal

helped increase U.S. trade with Central and South America

Rice and indigo were the staple crops grown on many Carolina plantations. What two staple crops were grown on other Southern plantations?

hemp sugar

Mark three factors that drew rural people to the cities.

higher wages, or money greater opportunities for advancement in society cities were centers of entertainment, trends and popular lifestyles

Joseph Cinque

his case was heard by the Supreme Court and defended by John Quincy Adams

One factor that made Eisenhower a good choice for president was:

his experience in diplomatic relations

On a well-established plantation, slaves worked as:

house servants field laborers craftsmen

Colonization of smaller countries by industrial nations for their raw materials is called:

imperialism

The five factors encouraging industrial growth included:

improved transportation war modern machinery improved communication better production methods

Four worker benefits that passed through government legislation included:

improved working conditions for women and children set working hours minimum wages unemployment and accident protection

Goethals

in charge of Panama Canal construction

Gorgas

in charge of making Panama safe for canal workers

What three things did President Johnson hope the bombing of North Vietnam would accomplish?

settling the war quickly destroying North Vietnam morale halting North Vietnamese infiltration

Elias Howe

sewing machine

Elias Howe

sewing machine was patented in 1846

American leaders hoped that Nixon's Vietnamization program would have the following three results:

show North Vietnam that the United States was serious about the Paris peace talks show confidence in the South Vietnamese forces relieve the pressure of discontent at home

Nixon's policy of troop withdrawal from Vietnam was designed to be:

slow honorable

Homes on the open prairies in the West were built of:

sod

The Alien and Sedition Acts were designed to:

squelch the Republican opposition to the Federalist administration

George Washington's main objective as President of the United States was to:

stablish respect for the office of the Presidency

Many Americans opposed Alexander Hamilton's proposal to have the national government assume the debts owed by the states because:

states that had already paid a large proportion of their debts would have to help pay the debts of other states

The following item was a factor in ending the alliance between France and the United States:

steadily increasing American partiality for England French interception and impounding of American vessels bound for England the XYZ Affair

Robert Fulton

steamboat

James Oliver

steel plow

Some Americans thought the United States needed additional possessions in the Caribbean and Pacific for the following two reasons:

strengthen national defense supply more raw materials

Three ways that unions made their opinions known were through:

strikes collective bargaining support of labor legislation

The United States entered into World War I because of the loss of American lives due to the sinking of trading vessels by the German ____.

submarine

Kennedy

successor to Dwight D. Eisenhower; President who sent soldiers to South Vietnam as advisors

writ of habeas corpus

suspended by Lincoln

The United States counteracted the German threat to invade Haiti and Santo Domingo by:

taking them over and running their financial affairs to pay their foreign debts

Samuel Morse

telegraph patented in 1862 and increased intercontinental communications.

Alexander Graham Bell

telephone

Which industry employed more workers than any other manufacturing industry?

textile industry

What did many Northern people believe about the South?

that it should be allowed to become an independent country

What did the French request in response to President Adams' efforts to reach an understanding?

that the U.S. pay money before talks could begin

What was the result of the Japanese seizure of Corregidor?

the Bataan Death March

Three measures passed to meet America's wartime needs included:

the Committee on Industrial Preparedness the Selective Service Act the War Industries Board

Ho Chi Minh

the Communist leader in Indochina War

Which of the following is an effect of the Alien and Sedition Acts?

the Federalist Party lost the election of 1800

Three steps leading to American involvement in Vietnam included:

the Gulf of Tonkin resolution military advisors sent by Kennedy commitment of support by Eisenhower

Who did not agree with the Mexican War?

the Northeast

An example of a policy to buttress one's position would be:

the Spanish granting large tracts of land in Texas to American settlers

The Mississippi River would be open for trade to both the Americans and the British according to:

the Treaty of Paris

One of the reasons the United Nations was off to a better start than the League of Nations was because _____.

the U.S. Congress and people supported it

General MacArthur

the United States commander in Korean conflict American commander in the Pacific

Which of the following was a notable British victory in the War of 1812?

the capture and burning of Washington, D.C.

Five events leading to the German signing of an armistice included:

the collapse of Bulgaria Turkey's surrender the split of Austria-Hungary Allies forcing a German retreat a threat to the German homeland

Four inventions of the agricultural revolution included:

the cotton gin the threshing machine the steel plow the mechanical reaper

NATO made possible:

the defense of Western Europe

Which of the following was not part of the process leading toward American victory on the Pacific front?

the land invasion of Japan

Syngman Rhee

the leader of South Korean government

Three uses of electricity included:

the light bulb powered communications systems powered machines

Germany, Italy, and Japan based their economies upon _____.

the military

One of the significant changes in atmosphere in Jefferson's administration was:

the number of common people involved in government

When the United States voted against joining the League of Nations:

the other nations lost some confidence in the League

The political balance between slave and free states as of 1819 was disturbed by:

the petition of the territory of Missouri for admission to the Union as a slave state

Hitler was:

the self-declared German dictator

Public sentiment in the United States grew increasingly in favor of Cuban independence for what two reasons?

the spread of anti-Spanish propaganda by Cuban immigrants U.S. newspaper stories on Spanish injustices

Five improvements in communication include

the trans-Atlantic cable the telephone postal delivery electricity transcontinental telegraph

Nuremberg

the trial of former Nazi leaders

Which of the following permitted the English to search colonial homes:

the writs of assistance

What two Allied military actions began to take the punch out of Germany's power?

their conquest of North Africa the halting of Hitler's armies by Russia

More settlers moved westward after the War of 1812 for what two reasons?

there was plenty of cheap land peace had been made with Indians

The United States and British viewpoints concerning Allied occupation and government in conquered World War II lands differed from Russian policies because:

they didn't want any territory

trade unions

to better the bargaining position of workers with employers

AFL

to charter national unions and strengthen them to increase bargaining power with their employers

Why was NATO organized?

to halt the growth of Communism in Europe

What was a main aim of the First Continental Congress?

to have the Intolerable Acts Revoked

What was the purpose of the poll taxes in the South?

to prevent African Americans from voting

Why did England pass the Intolerable Acts?

to punish Boston for the Tea Party

For what two reasons did United States forces enter Mexico in the early 1900s?

to pursue after Pancho Villa to protect United States interests

In the early 1940s, the United States was determined to prove to the world that her motives for entering World War II were:

to re-establish peace in the world

What was the purpose of secret groups as the Ku Klux Klan and the White Camelia?

to restrict and frighten blacks from being involved in Southern governments

Why was the Albany Plan of Union proposed?

to strengthen the colonies against the French

Cyrus W. Field

trans-Atlantic cable

War and military build-up help the economy of a country by lowering:

unemployment

Which was not a feature of the new state governments

unlimited governmental powers

Four natural resources in the United States included:

variety of land and climates iron and oil deposits forests rivers and streams

One opposing view at the Paris peace conference was a peace with ______.

vengeance

A factor that did not attract people to city living was:

vigilantism

Charles Goodyear

vulcanized rubber was patented in 1844 and was used for boots and shoes.

The Embargo Act of 1807:

was President Jefferson's attempt to keep the country at peace and avoid further provocative incidents stopped the export of American goods and prohibited all U.S. ships from leaving for foreign ports had no effect on England or France

Preparation for war:

was a disadvantage of the United States in 1941

As Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court, John Marshall:

was a strong Federalist and nationalist supported a relatively broad interpretation of Federal power delivered a series of the most momentous decisions in American judicial history

Two characteristics of the Declaration of Independence include:

was adopted on July 4, 1776 expressed the idea that all men are created equal and are born with certain rights that no government can take from them

The controversy over Missouri's request for statehood:

was settled by the Missouri Compromise

Andrew Jackson:

was the American general at the Battle of New Orleans

What were two advantages England had in fighting a war in America?

well-trained soldiers money and equipment

Alien and Sedition Acts

were considered a costly mistake

Two characteristics of the Committees of Correspondence included:

were formed to encourage communication among the colonies used fast riders to send the news

Four factors making the United States ripe for industry included:

willing investors abundant natural resources the inflow of immigrants determination to prove itself