WEEK 6 [ADN 225] CHAPTER 8"DISEASES & DISORDERS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM"

Approximately how many viruses are responsible for causing the common​ cold? 15 10,000 500 200

200

What is the normal minimum level of oxygen saturation measured by a pulse​ oximeter? 90% 95% 88% 85%

90%

All of the following are treatments for Asthma except​ ________________ avoiding triggers bronchodilators` anti-inflammatory medications Antibiotics

Antibiotics

Asthma Asthma is a disease that affects the airways in the lungs. Airmoves freely in and out of the airways in healthy lungs. When a person has asthma the airways become narrowed making it difficult to breathe normally. The airways of the lungs become narrowed or constricted due to inflammation of the airway membranes, as well as the mucus secreations. The narrowing of the airways leads to the characteristic wheezing of asthma. The exact cause of the disease is not known, however, asthma may be exersize- induced or triggered by allergies. Sysmptoms of exercised-induced asthma (EIA) develop after energetic physical activity, such as running or swimming. Allergy-induced asthma may be triggered by weeds, pollen, grass, animal dander, cockroach droppings, dust mites, and smoke, as well as food such as nuts and shellfish. The two main categories of asthma medications are controller mecications and rescue or quick relief, asthma medications. Controller medication is a long term method that is used on a daily bases to control asthma. The most common controller medications are corticosteroids given through an inhaler or nebulizer. The inhaled steroids reduce inflammation, swelling and mucus production inside the airways allowing air flow. Preventive meds may be swallowed or inhaled. Rescue or quick acting meds relieve acute symtoms or sudden attacks. The most common are bronchodilators given through an inhaler or nebulizer to relax the smooth muscles of the airways. Which statement about asthma is not true? Asthma can be treated with controller corticosteroids and with rescue bronchodilators. Asthma is a disease that affects the airways in the lungs. Asthma is caused by viral infection of the throat. Asthma can be triggered by exercise, or by allergies to things like smoke and cockroach droppings.

Asthma is caused by viral infection of the throat

A collapse of lung tissue affecting part or all of one lung is called​ ______________. Bronchiectasis Atelectasis Hypoxia Pleurisy

Atelectasis

Which respiratory disorder is characterized by the following: dyspnea, frequent coughing, wheezing, tachypnea, tightness of the chest with treatment of smoking cessation & inhaled steroids and oxygen therapy? Tuberculosis COPD Emphsema Cystic fibrosis

COPD

In her fifties, Susan began wheezing and found it increasingly difficult to breathe. She often felt tired and had headaches in the morning. Susan had smoked cigarettes since her teens. Which of these diseases is consistent with Susan's signs and symptoms? Sinusitis Tuberculosis Asthma Emphysema

Emphysema

Ryan applied for a high school biology teaching position. He was hired but needed to complete a medical exam. His TB skin test turns out positive, and the Ryan is advised to see his doctor for follow-up. The doctor asks Ryan whether he has lived in Europe. In fact, Ryan was born in the Netherlands and he lived there for 10 years. Why did the doctor ask Ryan this question? Ryan has TB and his doctor wants to know whether Ryan was infected in Europe. European countries vaccinate against TB and Ryan's positive skin test could be due to prior vaccination. The form of TB in Europe is much more virulent and the doctor needs to know how to treat Ryan. TB does not occur in the United States.

European countries vaccinate against TB and Ryan's positive skin test could be due to prior vaccination.

Which practice is not used to prevent the spread of respiratory​ illness? Discard used tissues in trashcans. Wash your hands with soap and warm water for 20 seconds after coughing, sneezing, or blowing your nose. Cough or sneeze into either a tissue or the corner of your elbow. If you are sick, avoid leaving your home if possible.

If you are sick, avoid leaving your home if possible.

Ryan applied for a high school biology teaching position. He was hired but needed to complete a medical exam. His TB skin test turns out positive, and the Ryan is advised to see his doctor for follow-up. If Ryan does have tuberculosis, which signs and symptoms should he expect? Long-lasting bad cough, blood in sputum, weight loss, weakness, and fever Muscle and joint aches and pain Wheezing, sore throat, and rash Watery eyes and runny nose

Long-lasting bad cough, blood in sputum, weight loss, weakness, and fever

In her fifties, Susan began wheezing and found it increasingly difficult to breathe. She often felt tired and had headaches in the morning. Susan had smoked cigarettes since her teens. How can this disease be prevented? Anti-inflammatory medication Never smoke or stop smoking Vaccination Exercise

Never smoke or stop smoking

In her fifties, Susan began wheezing and found it increasingly difficult to breathe. She often felt tired and had headaches in the morning. Susan had smoked cigarettes since her teens. Which procedure measures Susan's pulmonary function? CT Allergy testing Spirometry Chest x-ray

Spirometry

Ryan applied for a high school biology teaching position. He was hired but needed to complete a medical exam. His TB skin test turns out positive, and the Ryan is advised to see his doctor for follow-up. The doctor gives Ryan a chest x-ray. Why? Chest x-rays are the first line of treatment for TB. The chest x-ray can detect active TB. X-rays will control the infection. Ryan has tuberculosis.

The chest x-ray can detect active TB.

Which of the following statements about pulmonary embolism​ (PE) is​ incorrect? A symptom of PE is tachypnea, or rapid breathing. In most cases, PE is caused by a blood clot in the leg that breaks loose and travels to the lungs. The most common treatment for PE is clot dissolvers. Prolonged immobility is a risk factor for PE.

The most common treatment for PE is clot dissolvers.

Surgical removal of the tonsils is a treatment for tonsillitis that would only be considered in which​ case? The patient has experienced severe recurrences The patient has seen little improvement from symptomatic treatment. The patient is very young. The patient is experiencing a great deal of pain.

The patient has experienced severe recurrences

Which statement about normal exhalation is​ incorrect? The air leaving the lungs contains a higher concentration of carbon dioxide than when it entered. The diaphragm muscle relaxes. The volume of the chest cavity increases. The pressure in the lungs increases, pushing air out.

The volume of the chest cavity increases.

Which is not a risk factor for developing​ laryngitis? exposure to irritants overuse of the voice. being of a young age having a respiratory infection

being of a young age

Arterial blood gases​ (ABGS) are lab tests that most often evaluate all of the following key indicators of respiratory function except​ _____________. oxygen levels carbon dioxide levels blood pH blood pressure

blood pressure

Which of these is not a test that screens for cystic fibrosis​ (CF) in​ newborns? checking to see if there is a reaction to the Mantoux skin test . a sweat test to check the sweat for a higher than normal salt content a blood test to check for high levels of IRT, or immunoreactive trypsinogen genetic testing to check for the presence of gene defects

checking to see if there is a reaction to the Mantoux skin test

What is the medical term for​ hoarseness? dysplasia dyspepsia dyslexia dysphonia

dysphonia

Which respiratory disease occurs most often in individuals age​ 50-70 to some​ degree? pneumonia emphysema pulmonary embolism lung cancer

emphysema

Which of the following does not describe a common symptom of respiratory​ disease? frequent nosebleeds wheezing fatigue chest pain

frequent nosebleeds

Which of the following is not one of the characteristics of a tympany sound in the chest during​ percussion? low-pitched having an empty quality loud drum-like

low-pitched

Lung cancer can be caused by exposure to all of the following except​ ______________. asbestos pneumocystis jirovecii cigarette smoke radon

pneumocystis jirovecii

Which of the following is untrue of a Spirometry test? quantifies airway hypersensitivity measures air flow in the lungs evaluates lung function repeated three times

quantifies airway hypersensitivity

Tachypnea is a term that describes breathing that is abnormally​ __________. slow labored rapid loud

rapid

The pressure in the intrapleural space is ​ __________ inside the lungs of a healthy individual. slightly lower than higher during exhalation and lower during exhalation exactly the same as slightly higher than

slightly lower than