Western Civ Final Exam
5) Germany let Austria know that Austria had Germany's full support 3) Austria demanded that Serbia give up its independence and come under the control of the Austrian empire, and Serbia refused 1) Austria attacked Serbia, and Russia mobilized for war on Serbia's behalf 2) Germany told Russia to cease mobilization or face war with Germany; Russia refused. 6) Germany declared war on Russia, and two days later Germany declared war on France 4) Great Britain declared war on Germany
In terms of July 3, 1914 to August 4, 1914, which is the correct sequence of events?
First Moroccan Crisis
Kaiser Wilhelm II sailed to a French colony to make a speech where he called for the colonists to rebel against France. This sparked the _____
Austria offered for Napoleon to stay on the throne of France and Napoleon was exiled to the island of St. Helena
After being defeated at the Battle of Nations ______
Priests were elected by nobles
After the Catholic Church became owned by the government, ____
Paris
Capital city of France
central powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey made up the _____
Napoleon Bonaparte
The Citizen Army was led by ____
Napoleon
The Continental System was created by ____
photographed
The Crimean War was the first war to be ____
All three estates meeting separately with each estate having one vote for a change in government policy
The Estates General was a meeting of ____
Prussia and Russia
The Fourth Coalition was comprised of _____
January 21, 1793
The King of France was executed on ____
feudal aristocracy
The Napoleonic Code ended ____
six years
The Peninsular War in Spain lasted for _____
retreat into Russia and force Napoleon's men to fight along the way
The Russian strategy against Napoleon was to ______
Britain, Austria, and Russia
The Second Coalition was made up of ____
Germany; financial; military; territory; Poland; 32
The Treaty of Versailles was signed between the Allied Powers and country of _____. There were three main points of this treaty including limitations on _____, _____ penalties and changes in _____. Part of the country was given towards the re-creation of _____. War reparations were set at $___ billion.
attacking France first
The Von Schlieffen Plan included _____
the people did not want him to get involved in foreign affairs and they were angry that he may be weakening the pope's hold on Rome
What best describes the feelings of the French people regarding Napoleon III's involvement in the unification of Italy?
they did not believe that he was helping them enough
What best describes the feelings of the Italian people regarding Napoleon III's involvement in the unification of Italy?
Congress of Vienna
What event led to the revolt of the Poles in Russia and Prussia?
developing an environment accepting of new ideas and innovations
What helped Great Britain industrialize earlier than other European countries?
National Assembly, Legislative Assembly, National Convention
What is an accurate list of the legislative bodies in order?
Napoleon used his army to take over part of the National Convention and caused so much fear that they did what he wanted.
What most accurately describes how Napoleon's coup d'etat?
Savoy and Nice
What provinces in Italy were given to France?
Russia could not fortify the Black Sea
What was a part of the treaty that ended the Crimean War?
1810
What year did Russia defy to continental system?
1866
What year was the Austro-Prussian War?
November 11, 1918 at 11:00am
When EXACTLY did the war officially end?
had recently been invaded by France
When Napoleon was born (August 15, 1769), his homeland _____
Mexico
Which Latin American country was involved in the Maximilian Affair?
Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Yugoslavia
Which countries were created at the end of the war?
the SUez Canal and the Crimean War
Which foreign ventures contributed to Napoleon III's popularity with the French people?
the Catholic Church, business leaders, and workers
Which groups did Napoleon III appease when he first became emperor?
National Convention
Which legislative body was responsible for making King Louis a common prisoner which led to his execution?
Sardinia, Africa, and Italy
While France was fighting the First Coalition, Napoleon invaded ____
Cavour
Who led Piedmont during the unification of Italy?
Catholicism was recognized as the faith of the majority of men in France, the French government was to appoint bishops, and bishops were to appoint parish priests
Who was a part of the agreement made between Napoleon and the Catholic Church?
Lvov
Who was the leader of the provisional government?
Russia against France, Great Britain, Turks and Piedmont
Who were the main participants in the Crimean War?
begin a league of nations, end secret alliances, and limit the military
Wilson's 14 Points included ideas to _____
agricultural revolution
____ improved livestock, the Enclosure Movement, and a system of rotating crops without leaving a field fallow
corporations
____ sell shares, people who buy shares own part of it, and some businesses that became one added the word "incorporated" to their names.
railroads
_____ created millions of jobs, encouraged industrial growth, and provided a boost in agriculture
Austerlitz
a battle was fought here in 1805
coalition
a group of countries working temporarily working together for a common purpose is a ____
appeasement
a policy of saying or doing something to make someone else less aggressive is ______
imperialism
a strong country trying to gain economic, social and/or political control of weaker nations is called ____
Austria, Great Britain, Portugal, Prussia, and Spain
during and after the French Revolution, all of the following countries fought against France:
the machines were powered by water and the company had easy access to transportation to ship their goods
during the early years of the industrial revolution, factories were built near water because ____
slowing inflation and balancing the budget of the French government
economic order was restored by ____
majority
the word for Bolshevik means _____
minority
the word for Menshevik means _____
priests
Members of the First Estate included _____
Waterloo, Belgium
A battle was fought here in 1815
lords
members of the Second Estate included _____
forming alliances
one cause of WWI began when Germany wanted to isolate France from other European countries so that France could not seek revenge on Germany for the other European countries so that France could not seek revenge on Germany for the Franco-Prussian War. Germany did this by ____
3, 1, 4, 2
put these in order: 1) Napoleon became a Consul 2) The Third Coalition was formed 3) The Egyptian Campaign occurred 4) Napoleon negotiated a concordat with the Catholic Church
Denmark
the Battle of Jutland occurred off the coast of ____
13 year olds could only work 8 hours a day
the Factory Act of 1833 placed what restrictions on child labor?
1795
the French Constitution was written in ____
the structure of the government in France in the 1500s
the Old Regime refers to _____
Austria, Prussia, France, Britain, and Russia
the Quintuple Alliance was made up of which countries?
Germany and Russia
the Re-Insurance Treaty was signed by ______
Three Emperors League
the alliance system initiated by Bismarck that was simply an agreement of friendship between Germany, Austria, and Russia
militarism
the arming of nations to levels far beyond what is necessary for defense is ______
St. Petersburg
the city ____ became Petrograd in 1914.
he chose to place the crown on himself
the crowning of Napoleon was unique because ____
directory
the executive branch of the government created by the French Constitution was called the ____
Storming of the Bastille by Parisians
the first act of violent revolution was the ____
dual alliance
the first military alliance initiated by Bismarck between his country and Austria
Entente Cordiale
the friendly understanding signed between England and France was the ____
triple alliance
the military alliance made between Germany, Austria, and Italy
Franco-Russian Alliance
the military and economic alliance formed by two nations was called the ______
March 1, 1815
the period known as the Hundred Days began on ____
Conservatives on the right, Liberals on the left, and Moderates in the middle
the three groups that made up the Legislative Assembly were the ____
Louis XVIII
After the reign of Napoleon, ____ took over control of France
The people of the Enlightenment taught to think differently and there were a lot of philosophers. They had different ideas of equality and for government for people and they were very strict about their faith. The people of France were motivated to revolt to seize their king and queen because they didn't agree with their ways. They wanted equality. The Enlightenment and France shared ideas on life and equality which motivated them to revolt.
ESSAY: Explain how the Enlightenment inspired the French Revolution. What specific ideas from enlightened thinkers motivated the people of France to revolt?
They failed to recognize lasting impression of Revolutionary ideas (people wanted to maintain freedom and equality). They also failed to account for nationalism when redrawing boundaries.
ESSAY: Explain the flaws of the Vienna settlement.
King Louis XVI's wife, Marie Antoinette was very needy and spoiled. She liked to spend a lot of money. Because she spent a lot of the French government's money, King Louis felt it necessary to raise the taxes. Also, King Louis spent money to help the Americans in the war with Great Britain. The third estate would have definitely been affected by a greater tax because they are already the lower class who don't own much land, higher taxes would cause for them to be in great debt.
ESSAY: Explain the motives behind King Louis' decision to raise taxes in France. Be sure to cite specific examples. Include in your answer which estate would have been affected by the change the most.
The Battle of Waterloo was in Waterloo, Belgium on June 18, 1815. The leaders were the Duke of Wellington from Britain and General Gebhard of Prussia. They made this battle to defeat Napoleon for one last time and to be sure that he would not return to power.
ESSAY: Give the Who? What? When? Where? and Why? of the Battle of Waterloo.
The Congress of Vienna has Czar Alexander from Russia, Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria, Prince Karl August von Hardenburg of Prussia, Lord Castereaigh of Britain, and Charles Maurice de Talleyrand of France. Metternich's ideas were to restore the territory that France had taken over back to their original regions. They did this in Vienna which is the capital of Austria. It happened from the winter of 1814 through June of 1815. They redrew the boundaries of Europe
ESSAY: Give the Who? What? When? Where? and Why? of the Congress of Vienna.
The Industrial Revolution created a global economy because everyone depended on each other. It is a good thing because the people had a way of getting new raw materials, it created more jobs, and depending on where you live, you would live longer. Asia was helpful to many countries because of their advancement in medicinal practices. Disease became rarer. It is bad to have a global economy because you are all dependent on one another. If one industry crashed, it would affect all of them.
ESSAY: How did the Industrial Revolution create a global economy? What are the positive and negative effects of having a global economy?
The people came from different regions and when you mix people with different backgrounds, they have different ideas and religious views so the army was poorly affected by this.
ESSAY: How was Napoleon's army affected by his recruitment of non-French soldiers?
They were against weakening France because doing so, that would strengthen other countries around them and they wanted to make all countries have equal power
ESSAY: Why did the enemies of France decide against weakening France?
Ferdinand de Lesseps was the man who created the Suez Canal on November 17, 1869 in Port Said, Egypt. It connected the Mediterranean and the Red Seas and linked the middle east and Asia to Europe by water. It was beneficial because it made it cost less to get products and it increased trade and made need for more workers
ESSAY: give the who, what, when, where, and why Ferdinand de Lesseps is significant
Samuel Slater lived in Great Britain. In 1784, he snuck out of GB to go to America. There he built a spinning jenny out of memory to make money by selling this idea. He is significant because the American, Brown, was able to make the first textile factory in America with Slater's ideas.
ESSAY: give the who, what, when, where, and why Samuel Slater is significant
Britain; Crimean War
Florence Nightengale was originally from ______ was involved in the ______
allied powers
Great Britain, Russia, France, and later the US made up the _____
XVI; 1774
King Louis ___ began his reign in ____
unions would help workers gain the right to vote
Marx's predictions that the proletariat would overthrow the bourgeoisie were incorrect because ____
Pope Pius VII
Napoleon opened negotiations with ____
selling his territory in North America for $15 million
Napoleon raised money for his military endeavors by _____
Corsica
Napoleon was born off the island of ____
Elba
Napoleon was exiled to this island
Directory
Napoleon was named commander in Chief of the French army by the ____
bourgeoisie
Napoleon's new social changed benefited the ____
August 4, 1789; feudalism
On ___, the National Assembly voted to end ____.
the Enlightenment Ideas
Participants in the French Revolution were inspired by ___
4 3 1 2
Put these in order: 1) Archduke Maximilian was killed 2) Franco-Prussian war ended the Second French Empire 3) Poles revolted in Russia 4) Austro-Italian War began
5 1 3 4 2
Put these in order: 1) Battle of Trafalgar 2) Tilsit Agreement 3) Battle of Austerlitz 4) The Fourth Coalition was formed 5) Napoleon became emperor of France
Triple Entente
Russia, France, and Great Britain formed the ____
there were many Serbs living in the southern region of Austria
Serbia was angry with Austria because______
neutrals
Spain, Switzerland, and the Netherlands make up the ____
Maximillian Robespierre
The "Reign of Terror" refers to the leadership of ____
The U.S. was busy with their Civil War and did not get involved until the Civil War was over
What best describes the United States' involvement in the Maximilian Affair?
Capitalist; socialist
Trotsky was a _____ and Stalin was a _____.
Prussia gave Rome to Italy after defeating France
What accurately describes Italy's acquisition of territory?
Manchester School of Economics
a theory that wanted the government to regulate industry for the good of workers
Vienna
group met in this city to redraw the boundaries of Europe
League of Nations
in 1926, the USSR was admitted to the ______.
the French Congo
in order to appease Germany in 1911, France gave them ______
failing to honor Bismarck's alliance with Russia, who would then be open to form an alliance with France
in terms of diplomacy, one of Kaiser Wilhelm II's biggest mistake was ______
The Napoleonic Code
this deprived women of some property rights and restored slavery in the Caribbean.
North Sea
what body of water did the British blockade
Politburo and Secretariat
what two groups made up the Central Executive Committee?
totalitarian
what type of government was the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics?
a prosperous peasant
what was a kulak?
to unload periodic surpluses of manufactured goods
what was one reason why Europeans needed to expand into new foreign markets?
poison gas, hand grenades, and tanks
what was used in WWI?
abolish social, racial, and religious discrimination, create a constitutional monarchy led by the Romanov Family, and free speech, press and assembly.
what were 3 goals of the provisional government?
Austria, France, and Italy
which countries were involved in the Battle of Caporreto?
Italy
which country switched alliances and was not interested in fighting?
Russia
which of the allied powers removed themselves from the war in 1917?
the men on trial were being accused of a plot to overthrow the provisional government
which statement about the Purge Trials of the 1930s is correct?
Kerensky
who became Prime Minister of the provisional government in 1917?
Stalin
who gained control of the Communist Party and government after Lenin's death?