Wildlife Policy and Administration Exam 1

Boston enacted the first hunting seasons for wildlife in ______. a. 1739 b. 1668 c. 1492 d. 1698 e. 1521 f. 1701

1698

Boston enacted the first hunting seasons for wildlife in what year?

1698

At the park of the deer population in the 1500's, there were probably around how many deer in North America?

34

Which Acts were responsible for providing a cleaner environment throughout the US (select all that apply) a. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 b. Clean Water Act of 1972 c. Surface Mining Reclamation and Control Act of 1977 d. Clean Air Act of 1970 e. Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 f. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 g. Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976

4.29 clean air act of 1970, nepa 69, clean water act of 72 5.71 clean water act of 72, clean air act of 70, clean air act amendment of 77, & toxic substances control act of 76 .57 nepa, clean water act of 72, clean air act of 70, clean air act amendments of 77 .71 clean air, nepa, clean water, surface mining, toxic

Before the time of the European, there was somewhere between _______ and _______ million deer in North America. a. 20;25 b. 2;7 c. 1;2 d. 9;19 e. 100;150 f. 1,000;1,500

9;19

The _____________________ was amended in 1966 and it set forth procedures for federal agencies for formal and informal rulemaking, informal agency action, and adjudicatory proceedings. a. Federal Agency Revision Act b. Administrative Revision Act c. Wilderness Act d. Administrative Procedures Act e. Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1934

Administrative Procedures Act

The _____________________ was amended in 1966 and it set forth procedures for federal agencies for formal and informal rulemaking, informal agency action, and adjudicatory proceedings. a. Federal Agency Revision Act b. Administrative Revision Act c. Wilderness Act d. Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1934 e. Administrative Procedures Act

Administrative Procedures Act

Which agencies are typically considered what type of agency? a. Legislative agencies b. Administrative agencies c. Ordinal agencies d. Congressional agencies e. Constitutional agencies f. Regulatory agencies

Administrative agencies Regulatory agencies

The ____________________ was enacted to assist with the eradication of wildlife that threatened livestock grazing and agriculture on Western federal and private lands (Choose all that apply) a. Animal Damage Control Act of 1931 b. Wildlfe Control Act of 1952 c. Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937 d. Taylor Grazing Act of 1943

Animal Damage Control Act of 1931

Which Act(s) was the enabling legislation for the agency that would eventually become the USDA APHIS Wildlife Services Program? (Choose all that apply) a. Animal Damage Control Act of 1931 b. Animal Welfare Act of 1966 c. Endangered Species Act of 1973 d. The Wildlife Services Act of 1995 e. Taylor Grazing Act of 1943

Animal Damage Control Act of 1931

The __________________ required the human treatment, care, and transport of all warm-blooded animals, including wildlife used for research, teaching, exhibition, and as pets. (Choose all that apply) a. Animal Damage Control Act of 1931 b. Mammal Protection Act of 1969 c. Animal Welfare Act of 1966 d. Animal Protection Act of 1968

Animal Welfare Act of 1966

The __________________ required the human treatment, care, and transport of all warm-blooded animals, including wildlife used for research, teaching, exhibition, and as pets. (Choose all that apply) a. Mammal Protection Act of 1969 b. Animal Welfare Act of 1966 c. Animal Damage Control Act of 1931 d. Animal Protection Act of 1968

Animal Welfare Act of 1966

____________________ was the first federal statute to prohibit the taking, possession of, or commerce in a particular species of wildlife. a. The White-tailed Deer Hunting Act of 1921 b. Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940 c. Pelican Island Protection Act of 1900 d. The Canada Goose Protection Act of 1912

Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act of 1940

Bounties have been historically used as a tool by wildlife biologists to achieve objectives. Which of the below statements about boundaries is true (choose all that apply). a. Bounties were used to reduce deer populations, which is the primary reason they were in such decline by the 1900s b. Bounties often backfire and do not achieve the intended goal c. Bounties were commonly used to address problems with pest species d. Since the federal wildlife bounty legislation act of 1983, only the federal government can approve the use of Pittman-Robertson Act funds for bounty payments e. Bounties are still commonly used by state wildlife agencies to meet management goals

Bounties often backfire and do not achieve the intended goal Bounties were commonly used to address problems with pest species

The _______________________ was an early attempt to address the poor air quality conditions that were present in many places throughout the US. a. Clean Air and Water Act of 1958 b. Clean Air Act of 1955 c. Clean Air Act of 1940 d. Pollution Control Act of 1950

Clean Air Act of 1955

The _______________________ was an early attempt to address the poor air quality conditions that were present in many places throughout the US. a. Clean Air and Water Act of 1958 b. Pollution Control Act of 1950 c. Clean Air Act of 1955 d. Clean Air Act of 1940

Clean Air Act of 1955

_______________ is developed in the judicial branches of government and is sometimes referred to as the "Law of the Land" because it is based on precedent and what is accepted as law by the general public. This type of law uses the nation's constitution as the ultimate litmus test, although individual judges often interpret the constitutions differently at different times in history. (Choose all that apply) a. An executive order b. Statutory law c. Regulatory action d. Common law

Common law

Which of the following journals generally publish articles with a focus on conservation for the sake of the ecosystem. (Choose all that apply) a. Conservation Biology b. Journal of Ecology c. Journal of Nature, Conservation, and Biological Conservation d. Journal of Wildlife Management e. Journal of Forestry f. Transactions of American Fisheries Society g. Human Wildlife Interactions

Conservation biology Journal of ecology Journal of nature, conservation and biological conservation

The ________________was signed in response to the urgent need to control commercial trade in rare wildlife trade. (Choose all that apply) a. Rare Bird and Mammal Agreement of 1974 b. World Wide Fauna Conservation Act of 1975 c. Convention on Endangered Species of 1972 d. Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora of 1973 e. Endangered Species Act of 1973

Conventional of International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora of 1973

The ___________________ imposed a federal excise tax on fishing equipment boats, boat fuel, and other related items to provide funds for the management of sport fish and their assorted fisheries. (Choose all that apply) Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act of 1950 Pittman-Robertson Act Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937 Dingell-Johnson Act The Sport Fish Fund Act

Dingell-Johnson Act and Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act of 1950

__________________ is the amount of perturbation or disturbance an ecosystem can absorb without transitioning to an alternate state or condition. a. Retroaction b. Ecological resilience c. Resistance d. Ecological resistance

Ecological resilience

Eight characteristics have been suggested that go into management for multiple use or, as it has sometimes been called, integrative collaborative ecosystem management: (Choose all that apply) a. economic incentives b. regressive data c. amphibians d. economic disincentives e. overinfluence of multidiciplinary agency approaches f. alternatives g. mammals h. a consensus group approach i. monitoring and adaptive management j. respect k. reptiles l. stakeholder influence m. integrated and balanced goals n. birds o. collaborative stewardship p. goals that reflect the needs of the agency q. multidiciplinary data r. inclusive public involvement

Economic incentives A consensus group approach Monitoring and adaptive management Stakeholder influence Integrated and balanced goals Collarborative stewardship Multidisciplinary data Inclusive public involvement

The ____________________ was the most comprehensive legislation for the preservation of endangered and threatened species ever enacted by any nation. a. Endangered Species Act of 1973 b. Endangered Species Act of 1983 c. Endangered Species Act of 1963 d. Endangered Species Act of 1902

Endangered Species Act of 1973

One of the first test cases for the __________________ was Tennessee Valley Authority v Hill in 1978. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is a quasi-government agency designed to build and maintain dams on the Tennessee River and its tributaries to provide electricity to the rural Southeast. In 1967, the multi-million dollar Tellico Dam project on the Little Tennessee River was started. Progress was halted on the project after 1973 because the endangered snail darter (Percina tanasi) was found upstream. The Supreme Court upheld a lower court decision that continuance of the project would exterminate an endangered species. (Choose all that apply) a. Discharge Volume Act b. Migratory Bird Treat Act c. Clean Water Act d. TVA Act e. Endangered Species Act f. Lacey Act

Endangered species act

The _________________, including its various departments, has the authority to write regulations, ordinances, and rules. (Choose all that apply) a. congress b. common law agency c. senate d. executive branch

Executive branch

The _____________________ was enacted to promote federal research on wildlife on federal lands, and for state agencies to cooperate to develop a national program for wildlife conservation. (Choose all that apply) a. The Federal Wildlife Reserach Fund Act of 2001 b. Bigratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp Act of 1934 c. Animal Damage Control Act of 1931 d. The Fish and Game Research Act of 1955 e. Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1934 f. Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937

FIsh and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1934

Another provision of the 1900 Lacey Act was the ability to prevent the importation of certain exotic species declared by the Secretary of Interior as nuisances. a. True b. False

False

Because of the realities of the Tragedy of the Commons, rules needed to be established, even in early America, to prevent over-exploitation of wildlife, except in areas with relatively large human populations. a. True b. False

False

In contrast to the sustained yield, the multiple use form of conservation, many agencies insist on more limited use of their lands and the resources they produce. For example, national wildlife refuges and National Parks in the United States and Canada restrict the use of their properties to low-invasive purposes. True \ False

False

In the mid-1950's Leopold distinguished conservation biology from natural resource fields of fisheries biology, forestry and wildlife management in that conservation biology focuses on the environment whereas the other three areas are more utilitarian and include economics a. True b. False

False

Individual states have only limited control of the harvest of fisheries. a. True b. False

False

Once a state's authority to manage wildlife or to regulate any action, is set, it cannot be changed. a. True b. False

False

Other people who have little contact with the natural world may have a negative attitude toward natural resources. a. True b. False

False

Other people who have little contact with the natural world may have a positive attitude toward natural resources. a. True b. False

False

Pure conservation biology takes into account the human aspect a. True b. False

False

Social media has no place in the management of wildlife. a. True b. False

False

The Crown vs. New Jersey was the first US Supreme Court decision involving wild animals a. True b. False

False

The ESA not only requires federal consultation before major federal action impacting threatened or endangered species is undertaken, called a Section 1 Consultation, but it outlaws the taking of such species and provides for acquisition of habitat to protect threatened and endangered species. a. True b. False

False

The Pittman-Robertson Act can be used to pay for television advertisements. a. True b. False

False

What factors led to the incredibly large deer population in the 1500s? a. Planting of food plots for deer b. Farming c. Intensive management by Aldo Leopold and other comntemporary wildlife biologists d. The creation of deer reserves e. Extensive laws designed to protect deer populations and habitat f. The creation of towns and villages g. Habitat fragmentation

Farming The creation of towns and villages Habitat fragmentation

The ____________________ imposed a federal excise tax on fishing equipment, boats, boat fuel, and other related items to provide funds for the management of sport fish and their associated fisheries. (Choose all that apply) a. Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act of 1950 b. Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937 c. Duck Stamp Act of 1934 d. Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 e. Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge Act of 1903

Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act of 1950

The ____________________ imposed a federal excise tax on hunting equipment and firearms and apportioned the funds to the states for state management and restoration of fish and wildlife resources and habitats. a. Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937 b. Duck Stamp Act of 1934 c. Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act of 1950 d. Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge Act of 1903 e. Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918

Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937

Which Act(s) is the current guiding legislation for the Bureau of Land Management. (Choose all that apply) a. Federal Land Policy Management Act of 1976 b. Public Lands Management Act of 1976 c. Bureau of Land Management Act of 1976 d. National Forest Management Act of 1976

Federal Land Policy Management Act of 1976

The _____________ was enacted to protect waterways by providing grants for sewage and treatment plants. (Choose all that apply) a. Sewage Treatment Act of 1947 b. Clean Air and Water Act of 1958 c. Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948 d. Clean Water Act of 1955

Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948

Manifest Destiny was an idea that the US was special, being blessed by God, which was an idea that went back to the US Constitution. As these new lands were purchased, Americans felt that it was their responsibility to move into these new lands and dominate them. Which act(s) was designed to speed this process? (Choose all that apply) a. Manifest Destiny Act b. The Far and Away Act c. The Antiquities Act d. The Personal Land Acquisition Act e. The Vacant Land Reinvestment Act f. Homestead Act

Homestead Act

Administrative agencies do what in regards to state laws that are created by the legislature (choose all that apply) a. Implement the law b. Expand the law to new areas c. Interpret the law d. Supplement the law e. Create common law f. Expand the power of the agency to new areas not specifies by the legislature g. Create new laws if they are not specified by the legislature

Implement the law Interpret the law Supplement the law

The ________________ have extensive powers over the regulation of wildlife harvests (Choose all that apply) a. executive branch of the Federal government b. Judiciary Branch c. individual states d. Regulatory Branch e. Congress

Individual states

Referendums on wildlife issues help wildlife managers effectively reach their management objectives.

It is possible, but not always

The 1981 Lacey Act Amendment did what? (Choose all that apply) a. It prohibits commerce in fish and wildlife taken in violation of tribal, foreign, and federal wildlife laws. b. It made the improper or false labeling, marking or recordkeeping illegal c. It punishes trafficking in illegally taken wildlife d. It combined the provisions of the 1900 Lacey Act and the Black Bass Act of 1926 so that fish, wildlife, and plants are now covered under the original federal prohibition on the interstate transport and sale of wildlife killed in violation of state laws or regulations.

It prohibits commerce in fish and wildlife taken in violation of tribal, foreign, and federal wildlife laws. It made the improper or false labeling, marking or recordkeeping illegal It punishes trafficking in illegally taken wildlife It combined the provisions of the 1900 Lacey Act and the Black Bass Act of 1926 so that fish, wildlife, and plants are now covered under the original federal prohibition on the interstate transport and sale of wildlife killed in violation of state laws or regulations.

Proposition 5 in Utah did what? (Select all that apply) a. It amended the constitution to protect the right to hunt and fish b. It required a 2/3 vote for any state law which limits the taking of wildlife c. It didn't do any of these d. It limited the ability of the public to take wildlife using leg hold traps, snares, and poisons

It required a 2/3 vote for any state law which limits the taking of wildlife

The Food Security Act of 1985 did what? (Choose all that apply) a. It allowed for the growing of crops on National Wildlife Refuges b. It set up the Conservation Reserve Program c. It provided rent payments to farms who remove wetlands from crop production. d. It protected wetlands by rendering farmers growing crops on wetlands ineligible for federal farm programs.

It set up the Conservation Reserve Program It Provided rent payments to farms who remove wetlands from crop production It protected wetlands by rendering farmers growing crops on wetlands ineligible for federal farm programs

Which of the following journals generally publish articles which are more pragmatic in that they deal with resources used by humans. (Choose all that apply) a. Conservation Biology b. Journal of Forestry c. Journal of Nature, Conservation, and Biological Conservation d. Human Wildlife Interactions e. Journal of Ecology f. Journal of Wildlife Management Transactions of American Fisheries Society

Journal of forestry Human wildlife interactions Journal of wildlife management Transactions of American fisheries society

Which of the following journals generally publish articles with a focus on conservation for the sake of the ecosystem. (Choose all that apply) a. Journal of Forestry b. Human Wildlife Interactions c. Journal of Nature, Conservation, and Biological Conservation d. Transactions of American Fisheries Society e. Journal of Wildlife Management f. Conservation Biology g. Journal of Ecology

Journal of nature, conservation, and biological conservation Conservation Biology Journal of ecology

Common law is created by who? (Select all that apply) a. Agency administrators b. Wildlife biologists c. City council members d. Congress critters e. Legislators f. Judges

Judges

Aldo Leopold is considered to be the father of game management. Where did he work in the 1920's that led him to develop his ideas about conservation that would help guide his views about predator management. (Choose all that apply) a. Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge b. Kiabab National Forest c. Teddy Roosevelt National Wildlife Refute d. Lacey Island National Wildlife Refuge e. Lacey Island National Forest f. Teddy Roosevelt National Forest

Kiabab National Forest

The Tariff Act of 1930 strengthened which act(s) by prohibiting importation of any bird or mammal illegally taken or exported from a foreign nation. (Choose all that apply) a. The Wildlife Importation Act of 1945 b. Lacey Act c. Roosevelt Act d. The Wildlife Importation Act Amendment of 2001 e. Migratory Bird Treaty Act f. The Bird and Mammal Protection Act g. Game and Bird Preservation Act h. Migratory Bird Conservation Act

Lacey Act

What Acts provided legislation for the use of public lands and/or funds for outdoor recreation. (Choose all that apply) a. Land and Water Conservation Act of 1965 b. Estuarine Areas Act of 1968 c. National Wildlife Refuge System Act of 1970 d. Wild and Senic River Act of 1968 e. Refuge Recreation Act of 1962 f. National Trails System Act of 1968 g. Wilderness Act of 1964 h. Fur Seal Trapping and Recreation Act of 1966

Land and Water Conservation Act of 1965 Wild and Scenic River Act of 1968 Refuge Recreation Act of 1962 National Trails System Act of 1968

To Chief Justice Taney, the legal question here involved whether the King of England had the right to make thjs grant and whether tills grant still pertained after independence. The Supreme Court declared that, due to the Magna Carta, the king did not have the authority to grant these lands to the Duke. Moreover, when the people of New Jersey took over the governance of the state they assumed the rights and authorities of the same. Thus the state, not individuals, assumed the role of successors to Parliament and the Crown. This decision was the basis for the Public Trust Doctrine that wildlife belongs to the people in common, and that state governments have the obligation to protect these resources for the common good. This doctrine was to permanently shape wildlife conservation in North America. What court case is described here? (Choose all that apply) a. Smith vs. Maryland b. Marten vs. Waddell c. Manchester vs. Massachusetts d. Crown vs. New Jersey e. Greer vs. Connecticut f. McCreedy vs. Virginia

Marten vs. Waddell

In what cases did wildlife law supported states' rights over those of the federal government (select all that apply). a. Marten vs. Waddell b. Greer vs. Connecticut c. Smith vs. Maryland d. McCreedy vs. Virginia e. Manchester vs. Massachusetts f. Crown vs. New Jersey

Marten vs. Waddell Greer vs. Connecticut Smith vs. Maryland McCreedy vs. Virginia Manchester vs. Massachusetts

____________ was among the first to address this question, and described conservation biology as a "new stage in the application of science to conservation problems". (Choose all that apply) a. Jim Mitchell b. Michael Soule c. Elfen Reinstein d. Andre Mitchell e. Joe Caudell f. Aldo Leopold g. Gifford Pinchot

Michael soule

Migratory Bird Treaty Act was passed in 1918. It was tested in what court case in 1920 when a state sued a federal conservation officer for being too aggressive in his enforcement of the Act. The state claimed that the officer's pursuit of violators was infringing on the right of that states citizens to hunt waterfowl. The Supreme Court held up this act, firmly established that migratory birds could be regulated by the federal government. (Choose all that apply) a. McCreedy vs. Virginia b. Greer vs. Connecticut c. Crown vs. New Jersey d. Missouri v Holland e. Smith vs. Maryland

Missouri vs. Holland

Which one of these laws was the most significant act impacting federal agencies? a. Environmental Quality Improvement Act of 1970 b. Administration Policy Act of 1968 c. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 d. Council of Environmental Quality Act of 1971 e. The 2009 revision of the National Environmental Policy Act

National Environmental Policy Act 1969

The _________________ was the broadest piece of Congressional legislation passed for the protection of the environment. a. Environmental Quality and Improvement Act of 1970 b. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 c. Clean Air and Water Act of 1958 d. Endangered Species Act of 1973

National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

Which one of these laws was the most significant act impacting federal agencies? a. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 b. Administration Policy Act of 1968 c. Environmental Quality Improvement Act of 1970 d. Council of Environmental Quality Act of 1971 e. The 2009 revision of the National Environmental Policy Act

National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

The ______________________ is the current legislation directing the US Forest Service with the primary mission being multiple use. The US Forest Service manages habitat while the states manage fish and resident wildlife on the various national forests, which is different from the approach used on other federal lands (Choose all that apply) a. Land and Water Conservation Act of 1975 b. Wilderness Act of 1964 c. Forested Lands Restoration Act of 1972 d. National Forest Management Act of 1976 e. Taylor Grazing Act of 1943

National Forest Management Act of 1976

Which Act(s) is the current legislation directing the US Forest Service. (Choose all that apply) a. National Forest Management Act of 1976 b. Public Lands Management Act of 1976 c. Federal Land Policy Management Act of 1976 d. National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

National Forest Management Act of 1976

Which Act(s) sought to consolidate all of the different refuge areas into a single refuge "system"? (Choose all that apply) a. National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966 b. The Refuge Reform Act of 1963 c. The Refuge Recreation Act of 1962 d. The Refuge Revenue Sharing Act of 1964

National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966

______________ sought to consolidate all of the different refuge areas into a single refuge system. (Choose all that apply) a. Western Lands Consolidation Act of 1966 b. Refuge Revenue Sharing Act of 1964 c. National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966\ d. Western Lands Range Protection Act of 1955 e. Federal Lands Consolidation Act of 1965

National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966

Could Greer, in Greer vs. Connecticut 1896, have been prosecuted under the 1900 Lacey Act (if it had been in place when he broke the law)? Why (Choose all that apply) a. Yes. He broke the law and transported the waterfowl across state lines. He would have been the perfect candidate for applying this law. b. No. Even though Geer sold waterfowl across state lines, his harvests were legal in the state of Connecticut. c. Yes. Because waterfowl are managed by both the state and federal wildlife agencies. d. No. Greer was dealing in waterfowl which is only managed by state regulations.

No, even though Greer sold waterfowl across state lines, his harvests were legal in the state of Connecticut

What are some examples of species that were brought to the brink of extinction and then recovered by wildlife managers a. Meleagris gallopavo b. Mallard c. Passenger pigeon d. Odocoilieus virginianus e. Wild turkey f. European starling g. Branta canadensis h. White-tailed deer

Odocoilieus virginianus Wild turkey Branta canadensis White-tailed deer

What was the name of the 1st wildlife refuge and what year was it established? a. Anteguia Island NWR; 1901 b. Amelia Island NWR; 1901 c. Amelia Island Bird Sanctuary; 1902 d. Roosevelt Island NWR; 1900 e. Amelia Island; 1904 f. Pelican Island NWR; 1903 g. Roosevelt Island NWR; 1903 h. Pelican Island NWR; 1900

Pelican Island NWR; 1903

What was the name of the 1st wildlife refuge and what year was it established? a. Pelican Island NWR; 1903 b. Roosevelt Island NWR; 1900 c. Amelia Island; 1904 d. Amelia Island NWR; 1901 e. Amelia Island Bird Sanctuary; 1902 f. Roosevelt Island NWR; 1903 g. Pelican Island NWR; 1900 h. Anteguia Island NWR; 1901

Pelican Island NWR; 1903

What was the first National Wildlife Refuge? a. Teddy Roosevelt National Wildlife Refuge b. Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge c. Anaconda Island National Wildlife Refuge d. Lacey Island National Wildlife Refuge

Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge

Sustainability of natural resources is based upon three tenants. What are they?(Choose three) a. Permanence b. Reversals c. Continuance d. Management e. Alternatives f. Wise use g. Preservation h. Conservation i. Relationship

Permanence Continuance Relationship

What three Acts passed from 1930 until 1950 were some of the most significant for providing funding for the conservation of fish and wildlife species. All three of these are still an important source of revenue today for the conservation of fish and wildlife species. (Select 3) a. Pittman-Robertson Act b. Dingell-Johnson Act c. Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act d. Fish and Wildlife Remuneration Act e. Lacey Act f. Tarrif Act g. Dingleberry-JimmyJohns Act h. Administrative Procedures Act i. Federal Fish and Wildlife Funding Act j. Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp Act

Pittman-Robertson Act Dingell-Johnson Act Migratory Bird Hunting and Conservation Stamp Act

What laws help wildlife managers recover wildlife species? (Select all that apply) a. Wildlife reform and restoration act b. Wilson act c. Buck and doe restoration act d. Dingell Johnson act e. Pittman-Robertson act f. Deer advisory council act

Pittman-Robertson act

The monitoring and evaluation method of _______________ has been extensively used and formalized in stream and wetland environments, but it is also useful in the assessment of terrestrial landscapes. It is a series of questions about an area designed to obtain information in a short period of time. The method is relatively inexpensive compared to detailed analyses and, if conducted with consistency, can provide insight to change within a conservation area or population through time. This approach has been enhanced and widely used by NGOs such as Conservation International and the World Wildlife Fund. This technique, by their very nature and lack of rigor, are open to subjectivity and reduced reliability compared to some other method of evaluation. (Choose all that apply) a. Adaptive management b. Status assessment c. rapid bioassessment d. Redactive assessment

Rapid bioassessment

________________ is the ability of an ecosystem to withstand stress without changing. a. Retroaction b. Ecological resistance c. Ecological resilience d. Resistance

Resistance

The _________________ was born during the upsurge in federal environmental and public land protection in the west. It argued that the federal government agencies lacked the constitutional authority to support long-term, extensive land ownership and that state ownership was superior to federal ownership because the state governments were closer to the people. (Choose all that apply) a. Roosevelt Land Act Revolt b. Fedeal Lands Rebellion c. State vs Federal Ownership Revolt d. McEntire Rebellion e. Sagebrush Rebellion f. Sagebrush Revolt

Sagebrush Rebellion

Which aspect of the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation was first introduced by Roosevelt and then later reinforced by Leopold as the basis for informed decision making? a. Science is the proper tool to discharge wildlife policy b. Wildlife can be killed only for a legitimate purpose c. Wildlife resources are a public trust d. Democracy of hunting is standard e. Wildlife is an international resource f. Allocation of wildlife is by law g. Markets for game are eliminated

Science is the proper tool to discharge wildlife policy

What are the seven components or principles of the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation (select all that apply) a. Science is the proper tool to discharge wildlife policy b. Wildlife can be killed only for a legitimate purpose c. Allocation of wildlife is by law d. Allocation of wildlife is determined by the landowner e. Member of the royal houses from Europe are excluded from hunting in North America f. Wildlife is an international resource g. Wildlife is an national resource h. Markets for game are eliminated i. Wildlife resources are a public trust j. Democracy of hunting is standard k. Public policy for wildlife is determined by the need of hunters

Science is the proper tool to discharge wildlife policy Wildlife can be killed only for a legitimate purpose Allocation of wildlife is by law Wildlife is an international resource Markets for game are eliminated Wildlife resources are a public trust Democracy of hunting is standard

Rachel Carson's book ________________ was published in _________ and it described the consequences of pesticide contamination and environmental contamination. It was a wakeup call for many people throughout the country. a. Silent Spring; 1962 b. Silent Spring; 1964 c. Silent Summer; 1963 d. Screaming Summer; 1960 e. Silent Summer; 1962 f. Whining Winter; 1963 g. Silent Spring; 1960

Silent Spring; 1962

One of the ways that we represent the concept of sustainability is by three concentric circle of ____________, ________________, and _______________. a. preservation b. alternatives c. conservation d. society e. economy f. environment g. management

Society Economy Environment

__________ is created by the enactment of new laws by the legislative branches of the nation, states, and provinces. (Choose all that apply) a. Common law b. Statutory law c. An executive order d. Regulatory action

Statutory Law

Legislators develop a Bill in the House of Representatives or Senate, debate its contents, perhaps amend it, and vote on its acceptability to create a (an) _______________. (Choose all that apply) a. executive order b. regulatory action c. common law d. statutory law

Statutory law

What are five Acts that are important for the operations and management of lands managed by the Bureau of Land Management? (select 5) a. Taylor Grazing Act b. Pittman-Robertson Act c. National Environmental Policy Act d. Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burros Act e. Federal Land Policy Management Act f. Lacey Act g. Public Rangelands Improvement Act h. Animal Welfare Act i. National Forest Management Act j. Coastal Zone Management Act k. Dingle-Johnson Act

Taylor Grazing Act National Environmental Policy Act Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burros Act Federal Land Policy Management Act Public Rangelands Improvement Act

The ____________________ was enacted to control overgrazing and overproduction on unappropriated public lands by establishing grazing districts and a grazing permit system. It also directed the Secretary of the Interior to do anything necessary to preserve the land and its resources from destruction or unnecessary injury. (Choose all that apply) a. Desert Lands Restoration Act of 1945 b. Taylor Grazing Act of 1943 c. Wilderness Act of 1964 d. Western Lands Range Protection Act of 1950 e. Land and Water Conservation Act of 1950

Taylor Grazing Act of 1943

The _________________________ was enacted to control overgrazing and overproduction on unappropriated public lands by establishing grazing districts and a grazing permit system. (Choose all that apply) a. Wildlife Grazing Act of 1947 b. Habitat Damage Prevention Bill of 1945 c. Wildlife Damage Coordination Act of 1952 d. Taylor Grazing Act of 1943 e. Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act of 1937

Taylor Grazing Act of 1943

The most important law providing restrictions on the taking of wildlife was a. The Migratory Bird Conservation Act of 1899 b. The Retention and Restoration Act of 1894 c. The Roosevelt Act of 1898 d. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 e. The Lacey Act of 1900

The Lacey Act of 1900

The US Constitution recgonizes three primary and exclusive powers of the federal government. What are they? (Choose all that apply) a. The authority to make treaties and conventions with other nations b. The responsibility of protecting federally owned land c. The ability to restore wetland habitat d. The ability to exclusively manage migratory birds e. The ability to control interstate commerce f. The ability to enter into agreements with multiple states

The authority to make treaties and conventions with other nations The responsibility of protecting federally owned land The ability to control interstate commerce

What is the top level of law in the US? a. Ordinances b. Statutes c. Administrative law d. Administrative code e. The constitution f. Common law

The constitution

In early England and most of Europe, before the discovery of the Americas, all wildlife belonged to ____________. (Choose all that apply) a. all people b. the Crown c. only those who paid taxes d. the Queen's Gamekeeper e. the Prime Minister

The crown

The Migratory Bird Treaty Act established in 1918 was (Choose all that apply) a. The turning point in the movement from the era of sustained yield to ecological restoration b. the first act that protect all birds by the federal government c. The first legislation protecting a particular group of wildlife d. the first act to make the interstate transportation of birds illegal

The first legislation protecting a particular group of wildlife

Preservation is defined as a. the intensive management of resources, such as land, various species of wildlife or plant, specific genotypes, and even entire landscapes or other feature. b. the prudent use of natural resources with an eye to the maintenance of future availability and productivity. c. the protection of resources, such as land, various species of wildlife or plant, specific genotypes, and even entire landscapes or other feature. d. the wise use of natural resources.

The protection of resources, such as land, various species of wildlife or plants, specific genotypes, and even entire landscapes or other feature,

When we say that Common Law is based on precedent, we mean that (Choose all that apply) a. the law is based upon common sense b. what agencies decide is appropriate is regarded by the people as law. c. common people have accepted actions by the majority of people as being law. d. the law is based on the precedent set by the current US President. e. the whole history of previous decisions influences current decisions.

The whole history of previous decisions influences currently decisions

Which two early influential conservationists were responsible for the formation of the Boone and Crockett Club? (choose 2 answers) a. George Custer b. Franklin Roosevelt c. Theodore Roosevelt d. Thomas Reiger e. John Lacey f. George Bird Grinnell

Theodore Roosevelt George Bird Grinnell

What is "wanton waste"? (Select all that apply) a. The loss of species through improper wildlife management b. To intentionally waste something negligently or inappropriately c. Hunting law that are intended to define how hunters can take wildlife d. The incorrect disposal of animal waste e. Dumping our a bowl of wonton soup f. The incorrect disposal of environmental contaminants

To intentionally waste something negligently or inappropriately

What is the primary reason the Bald Eagle Act was created? (Select all that apply) a. It was a test case for the Endangered Speceis Act b. To protect a bird that served a valuable ecosystem function c. To restore an important game bird d. It was a test case for the Migratory Bird Treaty Act e. To protect the national symbol of the US

To protect the national symbol of the US

A prime example of the right to make treaties involves migratory birds. In 1913 the United States Congress passed the Migratory Bird Act, which declared that all migratory and insectivorous birds were within the protective custody of the federal government and that none could be harmed or harvested without specific authority of the federal government. a. True b. False

True

A very controversial and hotly contested wildlife law issue is the critical habitat clause of the Endangered Species Act. This clause has the power to prevent new and existing use of property if it is deemed essential habitat for an endangered species. Law suits are filed almost monthly by disgruntled property owners or users. a. True b. False

True

Another provision of the 1900 Lacey Act was the ability to prevent the importation of certain exotic species declared by the Secretary of Agriculture as nuisances. a. True b. False

True

As the human population in North America shifted to urban areas, market hunters responded by providing game animals for sale in these growing markets a. True b. False

True

Because of the realities of the Tragedy of the Commons, rules needed to be established, even in early America, to prevent over-exploitation of wildlife, especially in areas with relatively large human populations. a. True b. False

True

Ecosystem services are services provided by elements of the ecosystem, such as bees and trees, that provide a service, such as pollinating and cleaning the air, that is valuable to humans. a. True b. False

True

In 1900, the Lacey Act was passed by Congress. This was the first Act to support federal authority over wildlife, and it consisted of two parts. One part made it a federal crime to transport game that had been illegally harvested in one state across state lines and sell it in another state. a. True b. False

True

In contrast to the multiple use, sustained yield form of conservation, many agencies insist on more limited use of their lands and the resources they produce. For example, national wildlife refuges and National Parks in the United States and Canada restrict the use of their properties to low-invasive purposes. a. True b. False

True

In some cases where an issue could be managed by multiple agencies, that segment of the public affected by the law may try to get those powers moved to the more sympathetic agency. a. True b. False

True

In the mid-1980's Soule distinguished conservation biology from natural resource fields of fisheries biology, forestry and wildlife management in that conservation biology focuses on the environment whereas the other three areas are more utilitarian and include economics a. True b. False

True

Learning to work with the public is a critical skill for wildlife biologists. a. True b. False

True

Marten vs. Waddell was the first US Supreme Court decision involving wild animals. a. True b. False

True

New York established the first warden system in 1739. a. True b. False

True

Other people who have little contact with the natural world may have a indifferent attitude toward natural resources. a. True b. False

True

Pure conservation biology does not take into account the human aspect a. True b. False

True

Sustained yield is the mandate that resources should not be depleted or abused and that ideally these resources should last into perpetuity. a. True b. False

True

The ESA not only requires federal consultation before major federal action impacting threatened or endangered species is undertaken, called a Section 7 Consultation, but it outlaws the taking of such species and provides for acquisition of habitat to protect threatened and endangered species a. True b. False

True

The Federal government has the exclusive rights, as provided by the Constitution, to form treaties with other nations, regulate interstate commerce, and protect its property and lands. a. True b. False

True

The Food Security Act (Farm Bill) of 1985 contained "swampbuster" provisions to render farmers growing crops on wetlands ineligible for federal farm programs. The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) in that Act provides annual rent payments to farmers who remove wetlands and other sensitive lands from production. Other provisions over the years have been added that are geared to control the amount of farmland in production, but these provision also provide significant benefit over a monoculture agriculture field. a. True b. False

True

The North American Model of Conservation is a set of principles that, collectively applied, has led to the form, function, and successes of wildlife conservation and management in the United States and Canada. a. True b. False

True

The exploration of North America by the French and English was fundamentally motivated by the wealth of the continent's renewable natural resources and the opportunity by individuals to exploit them. a. True b. False

True

The federal Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) replaced previous weaker acts and is another Act that has had significant impact on both governmental and private interests. The ESA has been considered "the most comprehensive legislation for the preservation of endangered species ever enacted by any nation." Essentially, Congress declared that species of fish, wildlife and plants are of esthetic, ecological, educational, historical, recreational, and scientific value a. True b. False

True

The tragedy of the commons, in relation to natural resources, is essentially when natural resources are owned by everyone and are free to all, they will often get misused or abused unless there are laws in place to protect them. a. True b. False

True

While most modern natural resource policies are geared toward sustainability, conservation, or other long-term use, many policies that are recommended by companies desiring to maximize short-term profits may lean more toward heavy exploitation. a. True b. False

True

Some federal agencies are not regulatory when it comes to managing wildlife including (choose all that apply) a. US forest service b. Michigan DNR c. Kentucky DNR d. California fish and wildlife e. Georgia DNR f. USDA APHIS Wildlife Services g. Iowa DNR h. US fish and wildlife services

US Forest Service USDA APHIS Wildlife Services

The ____________________ was implement to address the declining worldwide whale populations. (Choose all that apply) a. Law of the Sea Act 1958 b. Whaling Convection Act of 1951 c. Whaling Control Act of 1949 d. Whaling Convention Act of 1950

Whaling Convention Act of 1950

The ____________________ declared that two exotic species were a living symbol of the historic pioneer spirit of the West and that these exotic species must be treated as an integral part of the natural system of the public lands. (Choose all that apply) a. The Bald Eagle and Golden Eagle Protection Act b. Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971 c. Free-roaming Wild Pig and Russian Boar Act of 1978 d. The European Starling and House Sparrow Protection Act e. Wild and Free-Roaming Brown Tree Snake Act of 201 f. What The Heck Were We Thinking Act of Who the Heck Knows

Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act of 1971

The ___________________ set aside specific areas for preservation in their natural state. (Choose all that apply) a. Wilderness Act of 1964 b. National Trails System Act of 1968 c. Wild and Senic River Act of 1968 Land and Water Conservation Act of 1965

Wilderness Act of 1964

Which aspect of the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation was most influenced with the passage of the Migratory Bird Treaty Convention in 1916? a. Markets for game are eliminated b. Democracy of hunting is standard c. Wildlife is an international resource d. Science is the proper tool to discharge wildlife policy e. Allocation of wildlife is by law f. Wildlife can be killed only for a legitimate purpose g. Wildlife resources are a public trust

Wildlife is an international resource

Which aspect of the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation is considered the keystone principle a. Allocation of wildlife is by law b. Wildlife resources are a public trust c. Wildlife is an international resource d. Wildlife can be killed only for a legitimate purpose e. Science is the proper tool to discharge wildlife policy f. Democracy of hunting is standard g. Markets for game are eliminated

Wildlife resources are a public trust

Which of the following statements can be used to make a complete definition of a sportsman (select all that apply)? a. A sportsman hunts for the pursuit or the chase of the game b. A sportsman will inflict no unnecessary pain or suffering on game c. A sportsman derives no financial profit from game that is killed d. A sportsman will not waste any game that is killed e. A sportsman affords game fair chase f. A sportsman seeks knowledge of nature and the habits of animals

a. A sportsman hunts for the pursuit or the chase of the game b. A sportsman will inflict no unnecessary pain or suffering on game c. A sportsman derives no financial profit from game that is killed d. A sportsman will not waste any game that is killed e. A sportsman affords game fair chase f. A sportsman seeks knowledge of nature and the habits of animals

The federal government has the authority to manage some species of wildlife. What gives them that authority for which species (choose all that are correct) a. The constitution gives the federal government the authority to enter into treaties with other countries which allows the federal government to manage migratory species that cross national boundaries b. The constitution gives the federal government the authority to regulate commerce between states, which allows the federal government to become involved in cases where animals are illegally taken in one state and then transported to another state, c. Trick question: because the ability to manage wildlife is not specifically enumerated in the constitution, the federal government has no authority to manage wildlife, but does so only at the behest of state agencies for species and issues that are too complex to be managed at state or local levels d. The constitution gives the federal government the authority to enter into treaties with other countries which gives them the authority to manage species that are illegally brought into the US from other countries e. The 19th amendment to the constitution gives the federal government the direct authority to manage pest species f. Congress can write any law that authorizes the various administrative agencies the authority to mangage the various species of wildlife found in the US

a. The constitution gives the federal government the authority to enter into treaties with other countries which allows the federal government to manage migratory species that cross national boundaries b. The constitution gives the federal government the authority to regulate commerce between states, which allows the federal government to become involved in cases where animals are illegally taken in one state and then transported to another state, d. The constitution gives the federal government the authority to enter into treaties with other countries which gives them the authority to manage species that are illegally brought into the US from other countries

What were the reasons that the early Spanish came to the New World? (Choose all that apply) a. Clean air and water b. Fur c. Gold d. The great beaches e. Timber f. Gems g. Silver

not fur, gold, gems, and silver

The management of wildlife species at the federal level involve what type of species (choose all that apply) a. Game species that are found in multiple states b. Species on federal lands c. Game species that are on the endangered species list d. Game species that cross state and federal boundaries e. Species on the endangered species list f. Species that cross international boundaries

not species on federal lands, species that cross international boundaries and game species that cross state and federal boundaries 0/1 not game species that cross state and federal boundaries just game species that cross state and federal boundaries?

In 1887, the Boone and Crockett Club was founded to do what? a. To move forward with their primary 7 policies that would eventually become the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation b. To keep the records for big game hunters c. Take charge of all matters pertaining to the enactment and carrying out of game and fish laws d. To provide areas throughout the US for big game hunters to meet and enjoy each other's company - eventually became a series of exclusive cigar and bourbon bars for their elite members

not to move forward with... not to keep records

Which two aspects of the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation was important in saving many species of game animals that were quickly going extinct in North America? (select two answers) a. Markets for game are eliminated b. Democracy of hunting is standard c. Wildlife resources are a public trust d. Allocation of wildlife is by law e. Wildlife can be killed only for a legitimate purpose f. Wildlife is an international resource g. Science is the proper tool to discharge wildlife policy

not wildlife resources are a public trust and wildlife is an international resource not science... and wildlife resources are a public trust not wildlife resources are a public trust and wildlife can be killed only for a legit purpose

Conservation, as coined by Gifford Pinchot, is defined as (Choose all that apply) a. Trick Question - the term conservation was actually coined by Theodore Roosevelt b. the wise use of natural resources. c. the intensive management of resources, such as land, various species of wildlife or plant, specific d. genotypes, and even entire landscapes or other feature. e. Trick Question - the term conservation was actually coined by Aldo Leopold f. the prudent use of natural resources with an eye to the maintenance of future availability and productivity. g. the protection of resources, such as land, various species of wildlife or plant, specific genotypes, and even entire landscapes or other feature. h. None of these answers are correct

the wise use of natural resources

As the human population in North America shifted to urban areas, market hunters responded by doing what? a. They began taking more game in close proximity to these urban centers b. They switch to farming to provide greater amount of food to these urban areas c. They shut down their businesses because they could no longer harvest enough game to make a viable business d. They provided game animals for sale in these growing markets

they provided game animals for sale in these growing markets

Unless the species are anadromous, individual states also have wide authority over harvest of fisheries. a. True b. False

true