17.8, 17.10, 17.11

Select all the statements that correctly describe the acid-base behavior of oxides.

(1) Alkali metal oxides are basic. (2) most nonmetal oxides are acidic. (3) Some metals from Group 3A form amphoteric oxides.

Which of the following statements correctly describe amphoteric hydroxides? Select all that apply.

(1) Al(OH)3 is an emphoteric hydroxide. (2) Amphoteric hydroxide react with both acids and bases.

An aqueous NaCl solution was found to have a pH = 7.00. Select all the statements that correctly describe this solution.

(1) Neither Na+ nor Cl- reacts with water. (2) The NaCl solution was neutral.

Which of the following statements correctly describe salt hydrolysis?

(1) Salt hydrolysis causes the pH of the resulting solution to be above or below 7.00. (2) Both the anion and the cation of the water-soluble salt may interact with water. (3) The ions produced by dissociation of a salt in water react with H2O.

Rank these bases in order of increasing strength, placing the strongest base at the bottom of the list.

1. Cl3CCOO- 2. Cl2CHCOO- 3. ClCH2COO- 4. CH3COO-.

In order to determine whether a solution of NH4C2H3O2 is acidic, basic, or neutral, what two values could be compared?

1. KA OF NH4+ 2. KB OF CH3COO-

Match the correct qualitative prediction for a salt solution in which both its cation and anion hydrolyze.

1. acidic 2. basic 3. neutral

The pH of a salt solution containing a small, highly charged metal cation is influenced by the hydrolysis reaction of the metal ion. Which of the following statements correctly explain the hydrolysis reaction of these metal cations? Select all that apply.

A hydrated metal ion produces an acidic solution because the metal ion withdraws electron density from the O-H bond, facilitating loss of H+. Small, highly charged metal cations accept electron pairs from water molecules and form hydrated ions.

True or false: For any acid-base reaction, Ka x Kb = Kw for the reacting acid and base.

False

Which of the following statements correctly describe the relative strengths of acids and bases, and of conjugate acid-base pairs? Select all that apply.

Iodide ion, the conjugate base of HI, is a weak base. CH3COO- is a relatively stronger base than Cl3CCOO-.

Which of the following anions will produce a neutral solution in water? Select all that apply, and assume that any associated cations do not affect the pH.

I− Cl− NO−3

Which of the following salt solutions will be basic, assuming that all have concentrations of 0.1 M? Select all that apply.

KCH3COO NaCN

Select all the expressions that correctly express the relationship between Ka and Kb for a conjugate acid-base pair.

Ka × Kb = Kw Ka = Kw/Kb

Select all the options that correctly account for the behavior of NH4Cl in aqueous solution.

NH4+ + H2O ⇌ NH3 + H3O+ The solution will have a pH < 7.00.

Which statement most clearly explains the relationship between an acid and its conjugate base?

The conjugate base of a weak acid may react with water to a greater extent than the acid itself does.

Which of the following statements correctly describe the relationship between a weak acid or base and its conjugate base or acid? Select all that apply.

The weaker an acid is, the stronger its conjugate base will be. The stronger a base is, the more strongly the formation of its conjugate acid is favored.

A salt consisting of the _____ of a strong acid and the _____ of a strong base yields a neutral solution.

anion; cation

A salt consisting of a small, highly charged metal cation and the anion of a strong acid yields a(n) _____ solution.

acidic

A salt in which the cation is the conjugate acid of a weak base will be ______. (Assume that the anion does not hydrolyze.)

acidic

In general, nonmetal oxides tend to be _____ while metal oxides tend to be _____.

acidic, basic

A salt in which the anion is the conjugate _____ of a weak _____ will produce a basic solution. (Assume that the cation does not hydrolyze.)

base, acid

Like other metal hydroxides, amphoteric hydroxides react with strong acids to produce metal ions and water. However, amphoteric hydroxides also react with _____ to produce complex hydroxides bound to the metal ion.

bases

True or false: The conjugate base of a weak acid will always be a strong base.

false

When an ionic compound dissociates in water, the separated ions may react with H2O to produce H3O+ or OH- ions. This process, known as salt _____ , may affect the of the _____ salt solution.

hydrolysis, pH

Hydrated _____ metal cations act as weak acids because these metal ions are so successful at withdrawing electron density from the O-H bond of water, thus facilitating the loss of H+ to the solvent water to form H3O+.

small, highly charged

In general, the stronger an acid is, the _____ its conjugate base will be. The stronger the acid, the more the equilibrium shown below will favor the formation of the _____. HA + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + A-

weaker, conjugate base