23

82) Which respiratory organ has a candiac notch?

B) left lung

3) The larynx, trachca, bronchi, and bronchioles all make up the

B) lower respiratory tract.

11) The beating of the cilia of the respiratory passages in the direction of the pharynx forms a(n)

B) mucus escalator.

29) The superior region of the pharynx is called the

B) nasopharynx.

76) The interlobular septa divide the lungs into

B) pulmonary lobules.

15) The nasopharynx transitions into the oropharynx at the level of the

B) soft palate.

21) The portion of the nasal cavity contained within the flexible tissues of the external nose is the

B) vestibule.

96) During quiet breathing.

By inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive.

I) The nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx constitute the portion of the airway.

conducting

90) Low partial pressure of oxygen in tissues is a condition called

C) hyponia.

8) Inhaling through the nostrils is preferred over the mouth because

C) it allows better conditioning of the inhaled air.

41) The vocal folds are located within the

C) larynx.

14) An important component of the lamina propcia in the upper respiratory system is

C) mucus glands.

74) Surfactant is produced by what cell type in the alveolus?

C) posumesstes Type II

37) What is the function of the structure labeled "8"?

C) prevents food from entering the larynx

69) Primary bronchi enter their respective lungs along with pulmonary vessels, nerves, and lymphatics at which region?

hilum

10) The entire array of protective mechanisms in the respiratory system is called the

C) respiratory defense system.

33) Ascidently sending fluid up out of the nose happens when the fails to close off the

C) soft palate; nasopharynx

40) The glottis is

C) the opening to the larynx.

9) Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and has severe breathing difficulties. His problems result from

C) thick secretions that are difficult to transport.

50) An acute infection of the throat that can lead to swelling and closure of the glomtis and cause uffocation is known as

C)aute epiglottitis

67) Children have slender, short vocal cords so their voices tend to be

CO higher pitched.

6) is the most common lethal inherited disease affecting individuals of Northem Europcan descent.

Cystic fihrosie

55) Which of the following statements about the trachea is false?

system. E) t is completely wrapped in smooth mascle

29) The superior region of the pharynx is called the

В) пакоpharynx.

87) The process by which dissolved gases are exchanged between the cells and interstitial fluids is

O intemal respiration.

72) The blood air barrier consists of

)2 layers of simple squamous epithelium.

70) The following is a list of some airways. What is the order in which air passes through them?

1. lobar bronchus 2. bronchioles 3. alveolar ducts 4. primary beonchus 5. respiratory bronchiole 6 alveeli 7. teminal bronchiole A) 4, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 6

53) The aduli human trachea is about in diameter and contains tracheal cartilages.

25 cm; 15-20

6) Roughly terminal bronchioles arise from cach segmental bronchas

6500

73) Respiratory function deteriorates as a result of pneumonia because inflammation

A) causes fhuids to leak into the alveoli.

4) The respiratory mucosa consists of

A) epithelium and underlying layer of areolar tissue.

20) The openings to the nasal cavity are the

A) external nares.

98) If the volume of the lungs increases, what happens to the air pressure inside the lungs?

A) h decreases.

22) The nasal cavity is separated from the oral cavity by the

A) hard palate.

94) Boyle's law states that the pressure of a gas is

A) inversely proportional to the volume of its container.

S8) The C shape of the tracheal cartilages is important because

A) large masses of food can move through the esophagus.

12) Which of these is not part of the upper respiratory system?

A) larynx

59) Primary bronchi are to as secondary beonchi are to

A) main bronchi; lobar bronchi

92) The most common unit of measurement for measuring pulmonary pressures is

A) mm Hg

80) The resulting pain and inflammation when pleural fluid is unable to prevent friction between the opposing pleural surfaces is known as

A) pleuriay.

100) During exercise, which of the following contract for active exhalaticn?

A) rectus ahdormimes and internal intercostal muscles

75) The condition resulting from inadequate production of surfactant and the resultant collapse of alveoli is

A) respiratory distress syndrome.

54) During a choking episode, most foreign objects are lodged in the bronchus due to its larger diameter and steeper angle.

A) right primary

93) When there is no air movement, the relationship between the intrapulmenary and atmospherie pressure is that

A) they are equal.

77) The right lung is to as the left lung is to

A) three lobes: twe lobes

43) The largest cartilage of the larynx is the cartilage.

A) thyroid

46) A common site to place a tracheostomy tube is through the ligament that connects the cricoid cartilage to the cartilage.

A) thyroid

56) The airway that connects the larynx to the bronchial tree is the

A) trachea

85) The serous membrane that covers the lungs is the

A) visceral pleura.

24) The auditory tubes open into the

A) пasopharynx.

26) The is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

oropharynx

25) The palatine tonsils lie in the walls of the

oropharynx.

2) The respiratory epithelium of the conducting airways consists of

pScudostatiicd ciliated columnar epithelium.

16) The is shared by the respiratory and digestive systems.

pharynx

17) Which of the following organs is not part of the lower respiratory system?

pharynx

97) What is one atmosphere of pressure?

A) 760 mm Hg

28) Which of the following is false about the pharynx?

A) It is shared by the integumentary and respiratory systems.

51) Contraction of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles can

B elose the glottis.

64) An elastic ligament and the muscle connect the ends of tracheal cartilage.

B) anular, tracbealia

78) The most superior portion of the lung is called the

B) apex.

88) External respiration involves the

B) diffision of gases between the interstitial fluid and the external environment.

61) Asthma is

B) due to an excessive stimulation of smooth muscle in bronchioles.

99) What occurs if jotrapulmenis pressure is 763 mm ig?

B) exhalation

52) Tina is singing a song. At a certain point in the song, she forces a large velume of air out of the glottis and at the same time increases the tension on her vocal cords The sound that she produces is

B) high pitched and lond.

68) J is suffering from laryngitis. He will most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

B) hoarsenes

79) A patient with a connective tissue disease experiences increased pulmonary vascular resistance. Over a period of time, you would expect to observe

C increased thickness of the right ventricular wall.

48) Air passing through the glottis vibrates the vocal folds and produces

C phonation

39) The larynx contains cartilages.

C) 9

Tuberculosis results from an infection by the bacterium

C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

13) The respiratory portion of the respiratory tract includes the

D) alveoli.

71) The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are the

D) blood air barrier of the alveoli.

84) A unique feature of the left lung is the

D) cardiac notch

44) The ring-shapeod cartilage just inferior to the thyroid cartilage is the

D) cricoid

49) The laryngeal cartilage which is not composed of hyaline cartilage is the

D) epiglottis.

89) In which direction does carbon dioxide move during intermal respiration?

D) from the tissuc cells into the blood

19) Functions of the nasal cavity inclade all of the following except

D) housing tonsils

30) The nasal cavity opens into the nasopharynx through a connection known as the

D) internal nares.

35) Identify the structure labeled "7."

D) oropharynx

23) The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the

D) pharynx.

A) hard palate. 23) The common passageway shared by the respiratory and digestive systems is the

D) pharynx.

57) The beanch from the trachea at the carina.

D) primary bronchi

81) Blockage of pulmonary blood flow by a traveling clot or similar obstruction is

D) pulmonary embolism

91) The physical movement of air into and out of lungs is termed

D) pulmonary ventilation.

38) Identify the structure labeled "5."

D) soft palate

47) A pair of ligaments covered by laryngeal epithelium that function in sound production are the

D) vocal folds.

62) Which of the following deseriptions best matches the tem bronchiolar smooth murcle?

Di contractios increases airway resistance e

36) Identify the stracture labeled "2."

Di internal nares

95) Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is

E greater than the pressure in the atmosphere.

34) What is the function of the structure labeled5

E prevent food from entering the nasopharynx

45) The paired cartilages that articulate with the superior border of the cricoid cart cartilages.

E) arytenoid

86) Lung tissue receives exypen and nutrients from the

E) bronchial arteries. .

65) The ligament bridging the larynx with the trachea is the ligament.

E) czicotacbeal

42) The elastic cartilage that covers the opening to the larynx during swallowing is the

E) epiglottis.

27) Physical damage to the lamina propria of the nasal mucosa is likely to result in

E) epistaxis or nosebleeds.

66) The thyroid cartilage is also called the

E) laryngeal prominence and Adam's apple.

83) The fissure separates the lobes of the left lung

E) oblique

32) Air flows between nasal conchae through the

E) superior, middle, and inferioF nasal meatuses.

32) Air flows between nasal conchae through the

E) superior, middle, and inferior nasal meatuses.

63) The flap-like structure that prevents food from entering the larynx is called the

epiglomis.