3.4 The Standard Model
Energy created from annihilation of particle - antiparticle pair
2mc² = total energy = 2hf or 2hc/λ
Leptons
Any of a family of particles like electrons, muons, Taus and their neutrinos. Are not affected by the strong nuclear force.
Particle interactions are determined by what 3 conservation laws?
B, L, q ( need to match RHS to LHS for each or reaction can't take place). Can also be used to identify an unknown particle
Fundamental particles
Bosons, quarks and leptons
Meson
Consists of a quark and an antiquark B=0, L=0
Baryon
Consists of three quarks, B=1, L=0
mass-energy equivalence
E = mc²
Differences between quarks and leptons
Leptons not affected by strong force Quarks have fractional charges and don't exist on their own.
Bosons
Mediate the forces Gluon mediates strong force W and Z mediate weak force Photon mediates EM force Graviton mediated gravity (Not yet found)
Antiparticles
Particles that have the exact same characteristics, but opposite charges, lepton number and baryon number
Quarks
Smaller particles that make up protons and neutrons. Fractionally charged, baryon number = 1/3
Beta decay is the result of what force?
Weak nuclear (leptons not affected by strong force)
Fundamental Forces
gravity, electromagnetic force, strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force