6.4 India Becomes a British Colony
1757 Robert Clive and the Battle of Plassey
Leads British East India Company to victory. They control India (Great Britain doesn't control India; Just the British East India Company).
Effects the Raj has on India
-Native industry is ruined - Peasants lost some land and a lot of deforestation took place for more farms Strain on food supply because of population growth Benefits: -Building railroads -Telegraphs -Now have postal service which brings people together, national unity. -Upper class people can send their sons to GB for schooling
Diverse views on culture
A lot of upper class people in India are very impressed with British technology and power. They want India to become more westernized.
Mid 1700's British and French both trying to control India through trading companies: British East INdia Company and French East India Company.
British East India Company French East India Company Competing to control trade in India. Will ask their governments for troops to do this.
Beliefs?
Felt that India can learn from the West. Revise Indian culture and remove it. Wanted Indians to have the same rights as Westerners.
British East India Company introduces new laws in India, what?
Introduces the English language and education and forces the people to learn it. Ban Sati- Hindu custom that called for a widow to join her husband in death by throwing herself on his funeral pyre (fire). Introduces British laws and sometimes these laws ban certain customs. Introduced a law where widows could get married
Ram Mohun Roy
Indian nationalist
Problems created by the British East India Company.
Sometimes they send Sepoys (Indians that have to join the British army) overseas to other places. This causes a problem because oversea travel is forbidden in the Orthodox Hindu religion. Indroduce a new rifle in the English Army and to load the bullets into the gun will be offensive to Hindus and Indian Sepoys alike. Pork Muslims and Beef Hingus are offensive to Hindus. Either muslim or hiddu sepoys Sepoy rebellion is the reuslt. They rebel.
Mughal Empire crumbling; British exploit this. How?
There was a Muslim empire that controlled India, but they were crumbling. British exploit this by getting local leaders to encourage them to revolt against the Mughal government (since these people are Hindus ran by a Muslim empire). When there is a lot of chaos British troops step in and from there get more control.
Result of Sepoy Rebellion
There will be atrocities on both sides. Massacres kill woman and children all over. When this gets in the newspaper, it upsets the british public. The British Parliament will end the British East India company's control of India. No longer controls intia, now the government controls india. INdians will call this "Raj" when the british gov takes over
British believe educated elite would support British rule, what happens?
These people get educated in democracy and equality, so now they want independence.
Indian National Congress (Hindus create this)
They want self rule, this is why it forms. Very peaceful until the British government tries to divide the Bengal Province to divide the Hindu population so they are not as strong. When they do this, it will cause protests in India. The more and more the poeple protest, the more and more the British crack down. Results: Swadeshi
Some dismissed Indian culture; Example?
Thomas Maculay -He believes the Hindu's and Arabic's writing and culture to be terrible.
Muslim League
To represent the Muslims in India, because theyre afraid that if the hindus get control, the muslis will be pushed aside. dont like each other
Swadeshi
When the Indians decide to boycott British goods.