A&P 1 Chapter 7 The Skeleton

The orbits house what?

Eyeballs

Cartilage is located in what isolated areas?

Nose, parts of the ribs and joints

What are the three regions of the axial?

Skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage

Liagmentum Nuchae is a?

a sheet like elastic ligament that connnests the vertebrae of the neck to the skull.

What forms the superior, lateral, and posterior aspects of the skull, as well as the forehead? Bald part of the skull

cranial vault or calvaria

What are the major skull sutures are?

coronal, sagittal, squamous,lamboid

The skull formed by?

cranial and facial bones

The brain occupy the?

cranial cavity

The brain sits in what?

cranial fossa, completely enclosed by the cranial vault

Coccyx

four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone

What articulates posteriorly with the paired parietal bones via the prominent coronal suture?

frontal bone

What forms the anterior cranium?

frontal bone

sacral hiatus of sacrum

inferior opening of the sacral canal

nucleus pulposus

inner gelatinous nucleus that gives the disc its elasticity and compressibility

what three bones fuse together to form the sternum

madrium, the body, xiphoid proces

Most of the skull bones are flat except?

mandible

What forms most of the skulls posterior wall and base?

occipital bone.

How many ethmoid bones are there?

one

How many sphenoid bones are there?

one

How many occipital bones are there?

one located in the back of the skull.

Talus articulates with

tibia

fibula articulates with

tibia

Body of the thoracic is larger than the cervical vertebrae

true

Do the coastal cartilages secure the ribs to the sternum. TRUE/ FALSE

true

External occipital crest secures the ligamentum nuchae. T/F

true

Intervertebral disc act as a shock absorber during walking, jumping, and running.T/F

true

Lumar vertebrae receives the most stress. T/F

true

Lumbar vertebrae has the thickest body.T/F

true

The Sternum protects the heart

true

The appendicular skeleton allows us to interact with and manipulate our enviornment. T/F

true

The body, or midportion, forms the bulk of the sternum

true

The coccyx is a small triangular bone.TRUE/FALSE

true

The intercoastal spaces are occupied by the intercoastal muscles, which lift and then depress the thorax during breathing. TRUE/False

true

The occipital articulaes anteriorly with the paired parietal and temporal bones via the lambdoid and occipitomastoid sutures.

true

The sides of the body are knotches where it articulates with the coastal cartilages of the second to seventh ribs

true

The sternum is a flat bone and resembles a dagger

true

The sternum is three bones fused together

true

The sternum lies in the anterior midline of the thorax

true

The tibia articulates with the femur ant the talus of the ankle.T/F

true

Transverse coastal facet will articulate with a rib

true

Transverse process articulates with muscle

true

Sacral curvature has

5 fused vertebrae

How many cranial nerves are there?

12 pairs

How many parietal bones are there?

2 (left and right)

The skull consists of how many bones?

22 total (8 cranial, 14 facial)

The cervical vertebrae has hoe many vertebrae?

7 C1-C7

How many cranium bones?

8 bones the paired parietal,temporal bones and the unpaired frontal, occipital, spenoid and ethmoid bones

The axial is structured by how many bones?

80 bone segregated into three major regions

The skull has about__________named openings (foramina, canals, fissures etc?

85

foramen magnum

A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.

What is the skeletal system composed of?

Bones, Cartilage, ligaments

The lumbar vertebrae has how many vertebrae?

L1-L5

lumbar vetebrae

L1-L5- only five

Thoracic vetebrae

T1-T12

Name the two large bones that are curved, rectangular bones that form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the skull and form the cranial vault

The parietal bones

All bones of the skull are firmly united by interlocking joints called sutures

True

L5 sits on and fuses with the sacral promontory.TRUE/FALSe

True

Ligaments connect bones and reinforce joints

True

The cranial base forms the skulls inferior aspect?

True

spinous process are also attached to muscle

True

spinous process on the thoracic vertebrae are considered to be the longest. longer than the cervical and thoracic

True

superior articular process articulates with the superior and inferior vertebrae

True

you have five sacrums before they actually fuse together which then becomes a transverse ridge

True

the cranial base forms the skull inferior aspect. Internally prominent bony ridges divide the base into what three distinct steps or fossae?

anterior, middle, posterior cranial fossae

Ligaments

attach bone to bone

The cranial vault is also called?

calvaria

surrounding the nucleus pulposus is a strong collar composed of__________superficially and__________ internally?

collagen fibers , fibrocartilage

Name the suture where the parital bones meet the frontal bone anteriorly

coronal suture

What are names are the four largest sutures?

coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, squamous

The thoracic articulates with the ribs by what?

facets and demifacets- (Half-facets)

intervertebral discs

fibrocartilage pads that separate and cushion the vertebrae

The frontal bone meets the nasal bone at the ?

frontonasal suture

The smooth portion of the frontal bone between the orbits is ?

glabella

demifacet

half of a facet

what are the three important landmarks of the sternum?

juglar notch, sternal angel, xiphisternal joint

Name the suture where the parietal bones meet the occipital bone posteriorly?

lambdoid suture

what connects adjacent vertebrae?

ligamentum flavum. which contains elastic connective tissue

posterior sacral foramina (back)

openings on the posterior side of the sacrum

anterior sacral foramina (front)

passageways for ventral rami of spinal nerves

False ribs attach to ?

rib 7

All of the thoracic vertebrae articulate with the _____.

ribs

anaulus fibrosus is a ?

ring of fibers that limits the expansion of the nucleus pulposus when the spine is compressed

Name the suture where the parietal bones meet superiorly at the cranial midline?

sagittal suture

Tranverse Ridges are?

spaces that have hyaline cartilage

What is the most anterior part of the frontal bone?

squamous part, commonly called forehead

Name the suture where a parietal and temporal bone meet on the lateral aspect of the skull?(one on each side)

squamous suture

True ribs articulate with

sternum

Clavicle is in the super anterior thorax and articulates medially with the ?

sternum and laterally with the scapula

anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments runs down the front and back of the vertebrae from neck to sacrum.T/F

true

cervical has the smallest body

true

coccyx is the last to fuse

true

hyaline cartilge allows the sacrums to grow and fuse together

true

lumbar also has superior articular processes also known as facets

true

lumbar vertebrae has the thickest body. because we place more stress on the lower back

true

once it fuse together it makes one bone(coccyx)

true

sacrum will fuse before the coccyx

true

sacrum will fuse in men at age 21

true

sacrum will fuse in women at 18 years of age

true

the jugular notch is the indentation in the superior boarder of the madrium.

true

the madrium is the the knife handle of the sternum and the superior portion

true

the scaphoid form the whole wrist joint. T/F

true

the sternal angle is a horizontal ridge across the front of the sternum

true

the xiphoid is a small plate of hyaline cartilage in youth and ossify in adults over the age of 40

true

the xiphoid process articulates only with the sternal body and serves as an attachment point for some abdonminal muscles

true

the xiphoid process forms the inferior end of the sternum

true

How many temporal bones are there?

two (left and right)

transitional vertebra

vertebrae that transition into another type of vertebrae