A&P 1 Chapter 7 The Skeleton
The orbits house what?
Eyeballs
Cartilage is located in what isolated areas?
Nose, parts of the ribs and joints
What are the three regions of the axial?
Skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage
Liagmentum Nuchae is a?
a sheet like elastic ligament that connnests the vertebrae of the neck to the skull.
What forms the superior, lateral, and posterior aspects of the skull, as well as the forehead? Bald part of the skull
cranial vault or calvaria
What are the major skull sutures are?
coronal, sagittal, squamous,lamboid
The skull formed by?
cranial and facial bones
The brain occupy the?
cranial cavity
The brain sits in what?
cranial fossa, completely enclosed by the cranial vault
Coccyx
four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone
What articulates posteriorly with the paired parietal bones via the prominent coronal suture?
frontal bone
What forms the anterior cranium?
frontal bone
sacral hiatus of sacrum
inferior opening of the sacral canal
nucleus pulposus
inner gelatinous nucleus that gives the disc its elasticity and compressibility
what three bones fuse together to form the sternum
madrium, the body, xiphoid proces
Most of the skull bones are flat except?
mandible
What forms most of the skulls posterior wall and base?
occipital bone.
How many ethmoid bones are there?
one
How many sphenoid bones are there?
one
How many occipital bones are there?
one located in the back of the skull.
Talus articulates with
tibia
fibula articulates with
tibia
Body of the thoracic is larger than the cervical vertebrae
true
Do the coastal cartilages secure the ribs to the sternum. TRUE/ FALSE
true
External occipital crest secures the ligamentum nuchae. T/F
true
Intervertebral disc act as a shock absorber during walking, jumping, and running.T/F
true
Lumar vertebrae receives the most stress. T/F
true
Lumbar vertebrae has the thickest body.T/F
true
The Sternum protects the heart
true
The appendicular skeleton allows us to interact with and manipulate our enviornment. T/F
true
The body, or midportion, forms the bulk of the sternum
true
The coccyx is a small triangular bone.TRUE/FALSE
true
The intercoastal spaces are occupied by the intercoastal muscles, which lift and then depress the thorax during breathing. TRUE/False
true
The occipital articulaes anteriorly with the paired parietal and temporal bones via the lambdoid and occipitomastoid sutures.
true
The sides of the body are knotches where it articulates with the coastal cartilages of the second to seventh ribs
true
The sternum is a flat bone and resembles a dagger
true
The sternum is three bones fused together
true
The sternum lies in the anterior midline of the thorax
true
The tibia articulates with the femur ant the talus of the ankle.T/F
true
Transverse coastal facet will articulate with a rib
true
Transverse process articulates with muscle
true
Sacral curvature has
5 fused vertebrae
How many cranial nerves are there?
12 pairs
How many parietal bones are there?
2 (left and right)
The skull consists of how many bones?
22 total (8 cranial, 14 facial)
The cervical vertebrae has hoe many vertebrae?
7 C1-C7
How many cranium bones?
8 bones the paired parietal,temporal bones and the unpaired frontal, occipital, spenoid and ethmoid bones
The axial is structured by how many bones?
80 bone segregated into three major regions
The skull has about__________named openings (foramina, canals, fissures etc?
85
foramen magnum
A large opening at the base of the skull through which the brain connects to the spinal cord.
What is the skeletal system composed of?
Bones, Cartilage, ligaments
The lumbar vertebrae has how many vertebrae?
L1-L5
lumbar vetebrae
L1-L5- only five
Thoracic vetebrae
T1-T12
Name the two large bones that are curved, rectangular bones that form most of the superior and lateral aspects of the skull and form the cranial vault
The parietal bones
All bones of the skull are firmly united by interlocking joints called sutures
True
L5 sits on and fuses with the sacral promontory.TRUE/FALSe
True
Ligaments connect bones and reinforce joints
True
The cranial base forms the skulls inferior aspect?
True
spinous process are also attached to muscle
True
spinous process on the thoracic vertebrae are considered to be the longest. longer than the cervical and thoracic
True
superior articular process articulates with the superior and inferior vertebrae
True
you have five sacrums before they actually fuse together which then becomes a transverse ridge
True
the cranial base forms the skull inferior aspect. Internally prominent bony ridges divide the base into what three distinct steps or fossae?
anterior, middle, posterior cranial fossae
Ligaments
attach bone to bone
The cranial vault is also called?
calvaria
surrounding the nucleus pulposus is a strong collar composed of__________superficially and__________ internally?
collagen fibers , fibrocartilage
Name the suture where the parital bones meet the frontal bone anteriorly
coronal suture
What are names are the four largest sutures?
coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, squamous
The thoracic articulates with the ribs by what?
facets and demifacets- (Half-facets)
intervertebral discs
fibrocartilage pads that separate and cushion the vertebrae
The frontal bone meets the nasal bone at the ?
frontonasal suture
The smooth portion of the frontal bone between the orbits is ?
glabella
demifacet
half of a facet
what are the three important landmarks of the sternum?
juglar notch, sternal angel, xiphisternal joint
Name the suture where the parietal bones meet the occipital bone posteriorly?
lambdoid suture
what connects adjacent vertebrae?
ligamentum flavum. which contains elastic connective tissue
posterior sacral foramina (back)
openings on the posterior side of the sacrum
anterior sacral foramina (front)
passageways for ventral rami of spinal nerves
False ribs attach to ?
rib 7
All of the thoracic vertebrae articulate with the _____.
ribs
anaulus fibrosus is a ?
ring of fibers that limits the expansion of the nucleus pulposus when the spine is compressed
Name the suture where the parietal bones meet superiorly at the cranial midline?
sagittal suture
Tranverse Ridges are?
spaces that have hyaline cartilage
What is the most anterior part of the frontal bone?
squamous part, commonly called forehead
Name the suture where a parietal and temporal bone meet on the lateral aspect of the skull?(one on each side)
squamous suture
True ribs articulate with
sternum
Clavicle is in the super anterior thorax and articulates medially with the ?
sternum and laterally with the scapula
anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments runs down the front and back of the vertebrae from neck to sacrum.T/F
true
cervical has the smallest body
true
coccyx is the last to fuse
true
hyaline cartilge allows the sacrums to grow and fuse together
true
lumbar also has superior articular processes also known as facets
true
lumbar vertebrae has the thickest body. because we place more stress on the lower back
true
once it fuse together it makes one bone(coccyx)
true
sacrum will fuse before the coccyx
true
sacrum will fuse in men at age 21
true
sacrum will fuse in women at 18 years of age
true
the jugular notch is the indentation in the superior boarder of the madrium.
true
the madrium is the the knife handle of the sternum and the superior portion
true
the scaphoid form the whole wrist joint. T/F
true
the sternal angle is a horizontal ridge across the front of the sternum
true
the xiphoid is a small plate of hyaline cartilage in youth and ossify in adults over the age of 40
true
the xiphoid process articulates only with the sternal body and serves as an attachment point for some abdonminal muscles
true
the xiphoid process forms the inferior end of the sternum
true
How many temporal bones are there?
two (left and right)
transitional vertebra
vertebrae that transition into another type of vertebrae
