A&P Exam 4 Questions

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Stores calcium

Activation of sweat glands is considered a _____________________ response.

Sympathetic

Which part of the autonomic nervous system consists of ganglia close to the spinal cord?

Sympathetic Nervous System

Tubes continuous with the sarcolemma to increase surface area

T-Tubules

Where are mechanically gated channels found in the process of muscle contraction?

The Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

During short, high intensity exercise, oxygen cannot be delivered to the muscles at the same rate it is being used. Which process is used to synthesize ATP in this situation? Choose all that apply.

Glycolysis and Creating Phosphate transfer

Tropomyosin

Covers myosin binding sites on the actin molecules

Which molecule acts as an energy reserve that can be used to synthesize ATP from ADP?

Creatine Phosphate

Calcium Pump

A protein structure embedded in the neural membrane that uses energy to move calcium ions out of the cell

Which of the following neurotransmitters are released at the neuromuscular junction?

Acetylcholine

Which of the following processes requires hydrolysis of ATP? Choose all that apply.

-Movement of calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum after contraction. -Conformation change of myosin from the bent conformation to the extended (activated) conformation.

Which of the following processes occurs in the mitochondria?

Aerobic Respiration

Which of the processes listed below will produce ATP to sustain exercise over long periods of time?

Aerobic Respiration

At the neuromuscular junction, an electrical signal from the motor neuron is translated to a chemical signal and then back to an electrical signal in the muscle cell. What proteins interact with the chemical secreted by the neuron to cause the electrical signal in the muscle cell?

Cation Chemical Gated Channels

What type of channels bind to acetylcholine in the post-synaptic (muscle cell) membrane?

Chemical (ligand) gated

What would happen if someone stabbed your leg with a syringe full of calcium and injected the calcium directly into the sarcoplasm of your muscle cells?

Cross-bridges would form in the absence of an action potential from a motor neuron.

Which of the following class of neurons make up the autonomic nervous system?

Efferent Neurons

Acetylcholin esterase

Enzyme that catabolizes, or breaks down, acetylcholine

Fibrous connective tissue that is continuous with the tendon

Epimysium

Skeletal muscles cells have a large concentration of free ATP available for power contractions over long periods of time.

False

Skeletal muscle tends to contain short, branched cells.

False (Skeletal muscles tend to be very long and cylindrical)

A group of muscle cells within the belly of a muscle

Fascicle

Containing many nuclei

Multi-nucleate

An individual muscle cell

Muscle Fiber

The major component of a muscle cell (takes up the most intracellular volume)

Myofibril

Oxygen-binding protein in a muscle cell

Myoglobin

The neuromuscular junction (or synapse) involves with of the following two cell types?

Neuron: Skeletal Muscle

T-Tubule

Projection of the sarcolemma into the interior of the cell

Troponin

Regulatory protein that binds to actin, tropomyosin, and calcium

Plasma membrane of skeletal muscle cells

Sarcolemma

Contractile unit of a muscle cell that make a myofibirl

Sarcomere

The cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle cell

Sarcoplasma

Modified endoplasmic reticulum that regulates calcium in the cell

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Which type of muscle cell(s) is (are) striated? Choose all that apply.

Skeletal and Cardiac

What is the major role of acetylcholine esterase?

To break down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft.

One target of the autonomic nervous system is cardiac tissue.

True

Receptors for acetylcholine are located in the motor end plate of the muscle cell.

True

Rest and digest responses are considered part of the parasympathetic nervous system.

True