A&P Exam 4 Questions
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Stores calcium
Activation of sweat glands is considered a _____________________ response.
Sympathetic
Which part of the autonomic nervous system consists of ganglia close to the spinal cord?
Sympathetic Nervous System
Tubes continuous with the sarcolemma to increase surface area
T-Tubules
Where are mechanically gated channels found in the process of muscle contraction?
The Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
During short, high intensity exercise, oxygen cannot be delivered to the muscles at the same rate it is being used. Which process is used to synthesize ATP in this situation? Choose all that apply.
Glycolysis and Creating Phosphate transfer
Tropomyosin
Covers myosin binding sites on the actin molecules
Which molecule acts as an energy reserve that can be used to synthesize ATP from ADP?
Creatine Phosphate
Calcium Pump
A protein structure embedded in the neural membrane that uses energy to move calcium ions out of the cell
Which of the following neurotransmitters are released at the neuromuscular junction?
Acetylcholine
Which of the following processes requires hydrolysis of ATP? Choose all that apply.
-Movement of calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum after contraction. -Conformation change of myosin from the bent conformation to the extended (activated) conformation.
Which of the following processes occurs in the mitochondria?
Aerobic Respiration
Which of the processes listed below will produce ATP to sustain exercise over long periods of time?
Aerobic Respiration
At the neuromuscular junction, an electrical signal from the motor neuron is translated to a chemical signal and then back to an electrical signal in the muscle cell. What proteins interact with the chemical secreted by the neuron to cause the electrical signal in the muscle cell?
Cation Chemical Gated Channels
What type of channels bind to acetylcholine in the post-synaptic (muscle cell) membrane?
Chemical (ligand) gated
What would happen if someone stabbed your leg with a syringe full of calcium and injected the calcium directly into the sarcoplasm of your muscle cells?
Cross-bridges would form in the absence of an action potential from a motor neuron.
Which of the following class of neurons make up the autonomic nervous system?
Efferent Neurons
Acetylcholin esterase
Enzyme that catabolizes, or breaks down, acetylcholine
Fibrous connective tissue that is continuous with the tendon
Epimysium
Skeletal muscles cells have a large concentration of free ATP available for power contractions over long periods of time.
False
Skeletal muscle tends to contain short, branched cells.
False (Skeletal muscles tend to be very long and cylindrical)
A group of muscle cells within the belly of a muscle
Fascicle
Containing many nuclei
Multi-nucleate
An individual muscle cell
Muscle Fiber
The major component of a muscle cell (takes up the most intracellular volume)
Myofibril
Oxygen-binding protein in a muscle cell
Myoglobin
The neuromuscular junction (or synapse) involves with of the following two cell types?
Neuron: Skeletal Muscle
T-Tubule
Projection of the sarcolemma into the interior of the cell
Troponin
Regulatory protein that binds to actin, tropomyosin, and calcium
Plasma membrane of skeletal muscle cells
Sarcolemma
Contractile unit of a muscle cell that make a myofibirl
Sarcomere
The cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle cell
Sarcoplasma
Modified endoplasmic reticulum that regulates calcium in the cell
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
Which type of muscle cell(s) is (are) striated? Choose all that apply.
Skeletal and Cardiac
What is the major role of acetylcholine esterase?
To break down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft.
One target of the autonomic nervous system is cardiac tissue.
True
Receptors for acetylcholine are located in the motor end plate of the muscle cell.
True
Rest and digest responses are considered part of the parasympathetic nervous system.
True
