Accounting Information Systems - Chapter 9
A ________ occurs here because there is mutual exclusion to data, and the transactions are in a wait state until the locks are removed. a. Deadlock b. Concurrency Control c. Database Lockout d. Temporary Inconsistency
a.
A description of the physical arrangement of records in the database is a. the internal view b. the conceptual view c. the subschema d. the external view
a.
An example of a distributed database is a. partitioned database b. centralized database c. networked database d. all are examples of distributed databases
a.
Combining the data needs of all users into a single schema or enterprise-wide view is called a. View integration. b. Internal integration c. Report Integration d. None of the above
a.
Entities are a. nouns that are depicted by rectangles on an entity relationship diagram b. data that describe the characteristics of properties of resources c. associations among elements d. sets of data needed to make a decision
a.
Is a programming language used to define the database per se. a. Data Definition Language b. Data Manipulation Language c. Query Language d. Sign Language
a.
It facilitates both direct access to individual records and batch processing of the entire file. a. Indexed sequential file b. Data dictionary c. Data Manipulation Language d. Database administrator
a.
It is a method for designing interface between program instructions and data on which a specific data file was created for each application. a. File-oriented Processing b. Data oriented Processing c. Conceptual Mapping d. Programming
a.
It is a programming language used to define the physical database to the Database Management System. a. Data Definition Language (DDL) b. Data Definition Speech (DDS) c. Data Description Language (DDL) d. None of the Above
a.
It is the lowest level of database. It consists of magnetic spots on magnetic disks. a. Physical database b. Relational database c. Flat-line database d. Database administrator
a.
It occurs when multiple sites lock each other out of data that they are currently using. a. Deadlock Phenomenon b. Database Partitioning c. Distributed Data Processing d. Tailback Phenomenon
a.
Second step in view modelling a. Construct a data model showing entity associations. b. Add primary keys and attributes to the model. c. Normalize the data model and add foreign keys. d. Construct the physical database.
a.
The Data Definition Language a. identifies, for the Database Management System, the names and relationships of all data elements, records, and files that comprise the database b. inserts database commands into application programs to enable standard programs to interact with and manipulate the database c. permits users to process data in the database without the need for conventional programs d. describes every data element in the database
a.
The following are DBMS features, except: a. Data Manipulation b. Backup and Recovery c. Database Usage Reporting d. Database Access
a.
The following refers to relational algebra functions, except: a. Constrain b. Restrict c. Join d. Project
a.
The four basic forms of cardinality that are possible are the following except: a. many or many b. zero or many c. one or many d. one and only one
a.
The update anomaly in unnormalized databases a. occurs because of data redundancy b. complicates adding records to the database c. may result in the loss of important data d. often results in excessive record insertions
a.
This anomaly results from data redundancy in a table that is not normalized. a. Update anomaly b. Repetitive anomaly c. Insertion anomaly d. Deletion anomaly
a.
Users access the database a. by direct query b. by developing operating software c. by constantly interacting with systems programmers d. all of the above
a.
What type of model was an efficient data processing tool for highly structured problems and also called a navigational database because traversing it requires following a predefined path? a. Hierarchical Database Model b. Network Database Model c. Hierarchical Indexed Direct Access Model d. Relational Database Model
a.
Which characteristic is associated with the database approach to data management? a. data sharing b. multiple storage procedures c. data redundancy d. excessive storage costs
a.
Which of the following statements are correct? I. The conceptual view or schema represents the database logically and abstractly, rather than the way it is physically stored. II. The user view presents the physical arrangement of records in the database. This is the lowest level of representation, which is one step removed from the physical database. III. The internal view defines how a particular user sees the portion of the database that he or she is authorized to access. To the user, the internal view is the database. a. Only statement I is correct. b. Statements I and II are correct. c. Statements I, II, II are correct. d. No statement is correct.
a.
A replicated database is appropriate when a. there is minimal data sharing among information processing units b. there exists a high degree of data sharing and no primary user c. there is no risk of the deadlock phenomenon d. most data sharing consists of read-write transactions
b.
All of the following are advantages of a partitioned database except a. increased user control by having the data stored locally b. deadlocks are eliminated c. transaction processing response time is improved d. partitioning can reduce losses in case of disaster
b.
All of the following are elements of the DBMS which facilitate user access to the database except a. query language b. data access language c. data manipulation language d. data definition language
b.
Data concurrency a. is a security issue in partitioned databases b. is implemented using timestamping c. may result in data lockout d. occurs when a deadlock is triggered
b.
Data currency is preserved in a centralized database by a. partitioning the database b. using a lockout procedure c. replicating the database d. implementing concurrency controls
b.
In a hierarchical model a. links between related records are implicit b. the way to access data is by following a predefined data path c. an owner (parent) record may own just one member (child) record d. a member (child) record may have more than one owner (parent)
b.
In a relational database a. the user's view of the physical database is the same as the physical database b. users perceive that they are manipulating a single table c. a virtual table exists in the form of rows and columns of a table stored on the disk d. a programming language (COBOL) is used to create a user's view of the database
b.
It is the degree of association between two entities. a. Association b. Cardinality c. Correlation d. Primary Key
b.
It pertains to anything about which the organization wishes to capture data a. Tuple b. Entity c. Physical database d. Data storage
b.
It refers to the process which systematically splits unnormalized complex tables into smaller tables. a. Database process b. Normalization process c. Stabilization process d. Relational process
b.
The advantages of a partitioned database include all of the following except a. user control is enhanced b. data transmission volume is increased c. response time is improved d. risk of destruction of entire database is reduced
b.
The deletion anomaly in unnormalized databases a. is easily detected by users b. may result in the loss of important data c. complicates adding records to the database d. requires the user to perform excessive updates
b.
The six phases of database design includes the following except: a. Construct a data model showing entity associations b. Add foreign keys and attributes to the model. c. Construct the physical database. d. Add primary keys and attributes to the model
b.
This position is responsible for managing the database resource and this does not exist in the flat-file environment. a. Database assessor b. Database administrator c. Database personnel d. None of the above
b.
What is the correct order of steps involved in creating relational database? I. Normalize the data model and add foreign keys II. Prepare the user views III. Construct a data model showing entity associations IV. Identify entities V. Add primary keys and attributes to the model VI. VI. Construct the physical database a. IV, VI, III, I, V, II b. IV, III, V, I, VI, II c. III, V, IV, I, VI, II d. III, IV, V, II, I, VI
b.
Which of the following is not a problem usually associated with the flat-file approach to data management? a. data redundancy b. restricting access to data to the primary user c. data storage d. currency of information
b.
Which of the viewing models pertains to physical arrangement of records? a. User view (subschema) b. Internal view c. Conceptual view (schema) d. Concrete view
b.
Which statement is not correct? A query language like SQL a. is written in a fourth-generation language b. requires user familiarity with COBOL c. allows users to retrieve and modify data d. reduces reliance on programmers
b.
A transitive dependency a. Occurs when one or more non-key attributes are dependent on (defined by) only part of the primary key, rather than the whole key b. Is one of the three anomalies that result from not normalized database tables c. Occurs in a table where non-key attributes are dependent on another non-key attribute and independent of the table's primary key d. None of the above
c.
All of the following are basic data management tasks except a. data deletion b. data storage c. data attribution d. data retrieval
c.
At the physical level, the database is a collection of records and files. Relational databases are based on the _____ structure. This structure uses an index in conjunction with a sequential file organization. a. Inverted sequential list b. Indexed symmetrical file c. Indexed sequential file d. Indexed conjunctional file
c.
Each of the following is a relational algebra function except a. join b. project c. link d. restrict
c.
Every _________ in an entity should appear directly or indirectly (a calculated value) in one or more user views a. Primary Key b. Foreign Key c. Attribute d. Analyst
c.
Give the correct order in correcting structural dependencies. I. The conceptual view or schema represents the database logically and abstractly, rather than the way it is physically stored. II. The user view presents the physical arrangement of records in the database. This is the lowest level of representation, which is one step removed from the physical database. III. The internal view defines how a particular user sees the portion of the database that he or she is authorized to access. To the user, the internal view is the database. a. 2,3,1 b. 3,2,1 c. 1,2,3 d. 2,1,3
c.
In the relational database model a. relationships are explicit b. the user perceives that files are linked using pointers c. data is represented on two-dimensional tables d. data is represented as a tree structure
c.
Refers to another problem with flat-file approach wherein the user is unable to obtain additional info as his/her needs change. a. Data storage b. Data updating c. Task-data dependency d. Currency information
c.
The Data Manipulation Language a. defines the database to the Database Management System b. transfers data to the buffer area for manipulation c. enables application programs to interact with and manipulate the database d. describes every data element in the database
c.
The following are advantages of using database approach, except: a. No data redundancy b. Single update c. Controlled access d. Task-data independence
c.
The following are features of database management system, except: a. Backup and Recovery b. Database Usage Reporting c. Task-data independence d. Program Development
c.
The most serious problem with unnormalized databases is the a. update anomaly b. insertion anomaly c. deletion anomaly d. none of the above
c.
The three types of anomalies are the following a. Upgrade, Deletion and Addition b. Update, Deletion and Improved c. Update, Deletion and Insertion d. Upgrade, Deletion and Improved
c.
To be free of anomalies, tables must be normalized to the _______. a. 1NF b. 2NF c. 3NF d. 4NF
c.
To pass as valid entities, what are the two conditions that needs to be met? a. (1) an entity must consist of one or more occurrences and (2) an entity must contribute at least one attribute that is not provided through other entities b. (1) an entity must consist of two or more occurrences and (2) an entity must contribute more than one attribute that is not provided through other entities c. (1) an entity must consist of two or more occurrences and (2) an entity must contribute at least one attribute that is not provided through other entities d. (1) an entity must consist of one or more occurrences and (2) an entity must contribute at least two attributes that are not provided through other entities
c.
Under the _____________ approach, remote users send requests via terminals for data to the central site, which processes the requests and transmits the data back to the user. a. Decentralized Database b. Distributed Database c. Centralized Database d. Partitioned Database
c.
What are the two basic options in addressing the issue regarding the location of the organization's database? a. Centralized and decentralized b. Distributed and undistributed c. Centralized and Distributed d. Decentralized and Undistributed
c.
What control maintains complete, current, and consistent data at all information processing units? a. deadlock control b. replication control c. concurrency control d. gateway control
c.
Which among the four is not an advantage of relational tables? a. Removes all three types of anomalies b. Very flexible c. Removes duplication d. Space is used efficiently
c.
Which duty is not the responsibility of the Database Administrator? a. to develop and maintain the Data Dictionary b. to implement security controls c. to design application programs d. to design the subschema
c.
Which of the following is not a common form of conceptual database model? a. hierarchical b. network c. sequential d. relational
c.
Which of the following is not a responsibility of the Database Management System? a. provide an interface between the users and the physical database b. provide security against a natural disaster c. ensure that the internal schema and external schema are consistent d. authorize access to portions of the database
c.
Which of the following may provide many distinct views of the database? a. the schema b. the internal view c. the user view d. the conceptual view
c.
Which of the following statements is false? a. Improperly normalized tables can cause DBMS processing problems that restrict, or even deny, users' access to the information they need. b. Association is represented with a verb, such as ships, requests, or receives while cardinality is the degree of association between two entities. c. Database normalization is a technical matter that is usually the responsibility of accounting professionals. d. When unnormalized tables are split into multiple 3NF tables, they need to be linked together via foreign keys so the data in them can be related and made accessible to users
c.
Which procedure will prevent two end users from accessing the same data element at the same time? a. data redundancy b. data replication c. data lockout d. none of the above
c.
Which term is not associated with the relational database model? a. tuple b. attribute c. collision d. relation
c.
A user view a. presents the physical arrangement of records in a database for a particular user b. is the logical abstract structure of the database c. specifies the relationship of data elements in the database d. defines how a particular user sees the database
d.
In the relational database model all of the following are true except a. data is presented to users as tables b. data can be extracted from specified rows from specified tables c. a new table can be built by joining two tables d. only one-to-many relationships can be supported
d.
It is the degree of association between two entities. a. Occurrence b. Attributes c. Association d. Cardinality
d.
It is used to describe the number of instances or records that pertain to a specific entity a. Entities b. Attributes c. Cardinality d. Occurrence
d.
Statement I: In Hierarchical Database Model, no child record can have more than one parent. Statement II: In Network Database Model, allows a child record to have multiple parents. a. Statement I is false while Statement II is true. b. Statement I is true while Statement II is false. c. Both Statement I and II are false. d. Both Statement I and II are true.
d.
Statement I: Storing data at local sites increases users' control. Statement II: Permitting local access to data and reducing the volume of data that must be transmitted between sites improves transaction processing response time. Statement III: Partitioned databases can reduce the potential for disaster. By having data located at several sites, the loss of a single site cannot terminate all data processing by the organization. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) the advantages of partitioned database approach? a. Statement I and II b. Statement I and III c. Statement II and III d. Statement I, II and III
d.
The following are included as type of anomalies, except: a. Insertion Anomaly b. Update Anomaly c. Deletion Anomaly d. Revision Anomaly
d.
The functions of Database Administrator are: a. Database Planning b. Design Implementation c. Operation and Maintenance d. All of the above
d.
The task of searching the database to locate a stored record for processing is called a. data deletion b. data storage c. data attribution d. data retrieval
d.
The textbook refers to four interrelated components of the database concept. Which of the following is not one of the components? a. the Database Management System b. the Database Administrator c. the physical database d. the conceptual database
d.
What is the programming language used to define the physical database to the database management system? a. Query language b. Data dictionary c. Structured query language d. Data Definition Language
d.
Which characteristic is not associated with the database approach to data management? a. the ability to process data without the help of a programmer b. the ability to control access to the data c. constant production of backups d. the inability to determine what data is available
d.
Which of the following is a level of the database that is defined by the data definition language? a. user view b. schema c. internal view d. all are levels or views of the database
d.
Which of the following is a relational algebra function? a. restrict b. project c. join d. all are relational algebra functions
d.
Which of the following is not a feature of database management system? a. Database usage reporting b. Database access c. Both a and b d. Neither a nor b
d.
Which of the following is not an advantage of the Database Approach? a. No data redundancy. b. Single update c. Current values: d. All are advantages of Database Approach
d.
Which statement is correct? a. in a normalized database, data about vendors occur in several locations b. the accountant is responsible for database normalization c. in a normalized database, deletion of a key record could result in the destruction of the audit trail d. connections between M:M tables is provided by a link table
d.
Which statement is false? a. The DBMS is special software that is programmed to know which data elements each user is authorized to access. b. User programs send requests for data to the DBMS. c. During processing, the DBMS periodically makes backup copies of the physical database. d. The DBMS does not control access to the database.
d.