Adulthood exam 2

in the disease known as ____ the heart cannot distribute enough blood throughout the body to reach the major orange, causing the tissues to swell with fluid

CHF

a 65-year-old man who smoked all of his life has this disorder, which is a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema

COPD

a 72 y.o. woman has been told by her physician that, because she is obese, she is putting increased weight on her joints, thus increasing her risk of developing the musculoskeletal disease known as

OA

this term describes loss of bone mineral density, which increases the risk of broken bones

OP

an acute cognitive disorder that is characterized by temporary confusion is known as what

delirium

though very similar in many ways to Alzheimer's, MID (multi-infarct dementia) differs importantly in that it is caused by what

loss of blood supply to the brain

exposure to the asbestos increases an individuals risk of developing ____ cancer

lung

your friend's great aunt shares with you the fact that she seems to be less able to lift weight than she could when in her 40s. she is experiencing which normal age-related change?

sarcopenia

vocabulary, factual information, and historical knowledge fall under which type of memory

semantic

carla suffers from a condition that affects the sleep of older adults in which they awaken because they are temporarily unable to breath. her condition is known as

sleep apnea

COPD is almost always caused by

smoking

unlike memory loss caused by Alzheimers, the symptoms of vascular dementia may be

treatable

which neurotransmitter is thought to be involved in memory loss of Alzheimer's disease

Ach

maintaining healthy cardiovascular functioning throughout your life means that you try to maximize which component in the blood?

HDL

this term refers to the acute condition in which the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is reduced or blocked

MI

a mental health clinician is evaluating an older adult patient referred for neuropsychological testing. the clinician recognizes that small changes in cognitive functioning, occurring in stepwise manner, may most likely be due to which condition?

TIA

this hypothesis proposes that older adults are dis-proportionately slower on tasks that are more difficulty

age complexity hypothesis

the loss of ability to recognize familiar objects is known as what

agnosia

destruction of the ____ is a consequence of COPD

alveoli

one of the primary causes of aging of the respiratory system involves changes in the air sacs known as the

alveoli

the loss of ability to carry out coordinated movement is known as

apraxia

this is a general term for the thickening and hardening of the arteries

arteriosclerosis

rhe plaques (or proteins? idk what she said) found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's are made up of which substance

beta amyloid

the role of the ____ in working memory is to allocate cognitive resources to the task

central executive

in this type of task, participants must make 1 response for 1 stimulus and a different response for a different stimulus

choice RT

older adults may be more alert in the morning and younger adults in the evening, reflecting age differences in

circadian rhythm

this term refers to the way the mind works, specifically the processes of attention, intelligence, problem solving, language, and memory

cognition

disturbances in _____ involve loss of ability to plan and organize

executive function

the stroke belt received its name because people living in this region tend to

experience higher mortality rates from this disease

psychologists diagnosing Alzheimers disease look for which key symptom in its early stage

forgetting names of good friends/family

a build up of pressure within the eyeball is involved with which form of (something) that affects older adults

glaucoma

a 55 y.o. man has a common age-related condition known as androgenic alopecia. this means that he is experiencing

hair loss

which parts of the body seem to undergo the greatest loss in touch sensitivity

hands and feet

increases in cortisol with age are thought to have negative affects on which of the body's organs

hippocampus

the ability to respond to stimuli in the periphery relevant to the driving skills of older adults is known as what

improved useful field of view (UFOV)

the nephron is the cell responsible for the efficiency of which organ in the body

kidneys

the condition known as ____ is used in cases involving memory loss that may progress to Alzheimer's disease

mild cognitive impairment

diabetes can be prevented and even treated by which behavior?

monitoring weight and diet

in this type of task, used to assess working memory, participants are asked to name earlier items presented in a series

n-back

the general slowing hypothesis proposes that older adults become slower primarily because of what type of changes

nervous system changes

because neurons do not replace themselves when they die, proponents of the _____ model states aging involves decline brain structures and functions

neuronal fall out

scaffolding theory in the area of cognitive aging comes closest to which concept of area of aging in the nervous system

neuroplasticity

an obstruction in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid, which causes fluid to accumulate in the brain, is known as what

normal pressure hydrocephalus

in the condition known as ____ the individual has difficulty controlling urination and feels the need to urinate more frequent

overactive bladder

experts worry that future generations of older adults will experience more age-related hearing loss due to which preventable behavior

overuse of earphones in portable listening devices

diabetes can be traced to the abnormal functioning of which bodily organ

pancrease

in this disease, the individual suffers from disturbances in motor function, including gate shuffling, tremors, etc.

parkinsons

the world health organization defines the term health as having which 3 qualities

physical, mental, and social wellbeing

research on prospective memory shows that older adults have more difficulty when the task involves which type of mental activity

planning the future event

a number of studies relate age-related changes in the _____ and decreases in planning and ability to encode information in LTM

prefrontal cortex

middle-aged and older adults wear bifocals to correct for which age-related change in the eyes?

presbyopia

the amount of time it takes for an individual to analyze information from senses, create decisions, and formulate a response is known as what

processing speed

the normal enlargement of which gland in men may cause difficulties with urination and pain

prostate

the 2 most important factors in aging skin are genetics and exposure to

the sun