American Imperialism Test Review

why did sugar planters in Hawaii favor annexation of the islands?

American Planters move to Hawaii and sell their sugar in the United States without a tariff. The United States is angered by this because they are being sold cheap sugar. So while the Hawaiians are making a fortune off of their sugar, Congress places a tariff on the sugar. Also, a new source of sugar cane production, Hawaii's economy became increasingly integrated with the United States. An 1875 trade reciprocity treaty further linked the two countries and U.S. sugar plantation owners from the United States came to dominate the economy and politics of the islands. When Queen Liliuokalani moved to establish a stronger monarchy, Americans under the leadership of Samuel Dole deposed her in 1893. The planters' belief that a coup and annexation by the United States would remove the threat of a devastating tariff on their sugar also spurred them to action.

Why did America favor overseas expansion in the late 1800's?

Americans supported the idea of overseas expansion in the late 1800´s because they wanted to expand trade to Latin America, to spread democracy, to politically influence the other countries, and expand so America has more territory.

What was the Roosevelt Corollary? Who/what did it apply to?

An extension of the Monroe Doctrine, asserting that the U.S. has the right to protect its economic interests in South and Central America, and the U.S. has the right to exercise international police force to restore order.

What territories did the U.S. gain in the Spanish American War?

Guam, PR, Philippines, and Cuba

What is imperialism, and some examples?

Imperialism can be in the form of a colony where a foreign country is in control of a protectorate with the local government controlled by a foreign country. A foreign country can also exert a great deal of economic influence. One of the most notable examples of American imperialism in this age was the annexation of Hawaii in 1898, which allowed the United States to gain possession and control of all ports, buildings, harbors, military equipment, and public property that had formerly belonged to the Government of the Hawaiian Islands. Other examples include: After the Spanish-American War, the U.S. acquired a colonial empire consisting of the Philippines, Guam, Hawaii, Samoa, and Midway in the Pacific and Puerto Rico, Cuba, the Virgin Islands, and the Panama Canal Zone in the Caribbean.

What factors allowed Americans to acquire Hawaiian Island?

In 1893 the last monarch of Hawaii, Queen Lili'uokalani, was overthrown by the party of businessmen, who then imposed a provisional government. Soon after, President Benjamin Harrison submitted a treaty to annex the Hawaiian islands to the U.S. Senate for ratification

What is Yellow Journalism? (Give an example from the time period)

Journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration. During the 1890s, journalism that sensationalized—and sometimes even manufactured—dramatic events was a powerful force that helped propel the United States into war with Spain. ... Yellow journalism contributed to the Spanish-American war and helped sway public opinion to be in support of the war.

Why did Americans support the building of the Panama Canal?

Military Importance: Theodore Roosevelt was interested in building a canal between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans before the Spanish-American war in 1898. He wanted a shorter route for naval ships needing to pass between the two oceans. Also, President Theodore Roosevelt oversaw the realization of a long-term United States goal—a trans-isthmian canal. Throughout the 1800s, American and British leaders and businessmen wanted to ship goods quickly and cheaply between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.

Which US President asked for a declaration of war against Spain?

President William McKinley asks Congress to declare war on Spain.

American food killed more soldiers in the Spanish American war than the actual fighting. By WWI that had changed; what legislation led to improved food in America?

Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) For preventing the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes

What was the purpose of the Open Door Policy?

Taft created Dollar diplomacy which is the use of diplomatic influence, economic pressure, and military power to protect a nation's economic and business interests abroad. The term was first used to describe the exploitative nature of United States involvement in Latin America.

Who developed Dollar diplomacy and what did it say/do?

Taft created Dollar diplomacy which is the use of diplomatic influence, economic pressure, and military power to protect a nation's economic and business interests abroad. The term was first used to describe the exploitative nature of United States involvement in Latin America.

How are Teddy Roosevelt, Alfred Thayer Mahan, Josiah Strong, John Hay, Joseph Pulitzer, and Frederick Jackson Turner important to American Imperialism?

Teddy Roosevelt: Under the leadership of President Theodore Roosevelt, the United States emerged from the nineteenth century with ambitious designs on global power through military might, territorial expansion, and economic influence. ... Roosevelt wanted to expand American influence. Alfred Thayer Mahan: The Influence of Sea Power upon History appeared in 1890 and The Influence of Sea Power upon the French Revolution and Empire in 1892. These works made Alfred Thayer Mahan one of the leading spokesmen for the age of imperialism. ... Alfred Thayer Mahan also argued that modern navies needed repair and coaling stations. Josiah Strong: One factor which would make the Anglo-Saxons forever invincible, Strong believed, was their ability to expand. They could maintain their dominance easily because they were growing rapidly in numbers, and they possessed enough territory to support a much larger population. John Hay: Hay's Open Door Policy. In 1899, John Hay, the Secretary of State under President McKinley, proposed an Open Door Policy towards China for all countries. Joseph Pulitzer: Joseph Pulitzer was an American journalist and publisher who created, along with William Randolph Hearst, a new and controversial kind of journalism. ... He was committed to raising the standards of the journalism profession. Pulitzer was the founder of the Pulitzer Prize, the most prestigious award in American journalism. Frederick Jackson Turner: Historian Frederick Jackson Turner believed that the strength and the vitality of the America identity lay in its land and vast frontier. ... In a discussion of the Spanish-American War and the birth of U.S. imperialism, Frederick Jackson Turner's thesis is significant because it connects two important forces of the 1890s.

What did the Platt Amendment do?

The Platt Amendment, an amendment to a U.S. army appropriations bill, established the terms under which the United States would end its military occupation of Cuba (which had begun in 1898 during the Spanish-American War) and "leave the government and control of the island of Cuba to its people."

Who are the Rough Riders?

The Rough Riders were a diverse group of volunteer cavalry soldiers who served during the Spanish-American War in 1898. The men were led by the tireless Teddy Roosevelt (1858-1919) and are best known for their overwhelming victory at San Juan Hill in Cuba.

What are the 2 terms (parts) of the Monroe Doctrine?

The United States would not interfere in the internal affairs of or the wars between European powers The United States recognized and would not interfere with existing colonies and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere The Western Hemisphere was closed to future colonization Any attempt by a European power to oppress or control any nation in the Western Hemisphere would be viewed as a hostile act against the United States.

What were the Panama Canal's advantages?

The faster a country can ship, the more willing they are to trade. They are willing to trade more because they don't have to spend so much money on fuel. Because they spend less money on fuel, they can carry more supplies. Now, most all the money the U.S. gets from trade is through the Panama Canal. Basically, The canal permits shippers of commercial goods, ranging from automobiles to grain, to save time and money by transporting cargo more quickly between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

What events led to the Spanish American war in 1898?

The reasons for war were many, but there were two immediate ones: America's support the ongoing struggle by Cubans and Filipinos against Spanish rule, and the mysterious explosion of the battleship U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor.

What was the MAIN reason America wanted islands in the Pacific?

United States Maritime Expansion across the Pacific during the 19th Century. ... The U.S. Government realized that it had to establish formal diplomatic ties in order to protect the interests of its citizens. Also, if they resided on any islands in the Pacific they would be able to trade easier with China, who had the largest economy.

Give the basic facts about the Philippine Insurrection? (5 W's)

Who: US and Philippines What: Armed conflict between the First Philippine Republic and the United States Where: Philippines When: Lasted from February 4, 1899, to July 2, 1902. Why: After its defeat in the Spanish-American War of 1898, Spain ceded its longstanding colony of the Philippines to the United States in the Treaty of Paris. The purpose of the Philippine insurrection was to gain freedom for the Philippines from the United States. The Philippine Insurrection began in early 1899, shortly following the signing of the Treaty of Paris.