anatomy and physiology chp 11
which of the following are considered muscles of mastication?
-The masseter muscle -The buccinator muscle -The lateral pterygoid muscle -The temporalis muscle -The medial pterygoid muscle Answers: The masseter muscle, the lateral pterygoid muscle, the temporalis muscle, the medial pterygoid muscle
which four of the following characterize that different patterns of fascicle arrangement?
-divergent -circular -convergent -pennate -columnar -parallel Answer: circular, convergent, pennate, parallel
the functions of the erector spinae muscle include __
-extension of vertebral column -lateral flexion of vertebral column -maintenance of posture -flexion of the head Answers: extension of vertebral column, lateral flexion of vertebral column, maintenance of posture
which statement correctly describes the digastric muscle?
-it attaches to the hyoid bone -it depresses the mandible -it has two bellies -it attaches to the superior border of the scapula Answers: it attaches to the hyoid bone, it depresses the mandible, it has two bellies
the anterolateral abdominal muscles include __
-the internal oblique muscle -the intercostal muscles -the transversus abdominis muscle -the external oblique muscle Answer: the internal oblique muscle, the transversus abdominis muscle, the external oblique muscle
list the pharyngeal constrictors from innermost (deepest) to outermost (most superficial).
1: superior constrictor 2: middle constrictor 3: inferior constrictor
match the type of primary action to its best description.
agonist: prime mover antagonist: opposes the agonist synergist: assists the agonist
match the muscles of the anterior neck ti its innervation.
anterior belly of digastric: mandibular division of CN V (trigeminal nerve) geniohyoid: first cervical spinal nerve (C1) via CN XII (hypoglossal nerve) stylohyoid: CN VII (facial nerve) sternothyroid: cervical spinal nerves C1-C3
the inferior attachments of the muscles that move the head and the neck are the __
bones of the vertebral column
during exhalation, muscles of respiration __
decrease the space of the thoracic cavity
the function of the geniohyoid is to __
elevate the hyoid bone
the broad tendon between the frontalis and occipitalis muscles is called the __ aponeurosis
epicranial
which muscle end in the suffix -glossus, meaning tongue?
extrinsic tongue muscles
the anterolateral neck muscles function to __
flex the head and neck
bilateral contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscles functions to __
flex the neck
muscles of the abdominal wall work together to __
flex the vertebral column
muscles of the anterior neck that are inferior to the hyoid bone are called __ muscles.
infrahyoid
which extrinsic muscle of the tongue is innervated by CN X (vagus nerve)?
palatoglossus
the four paired muscle of mastication are the temporalis (a broad, fan-shaped muscle), the masseter (a short, thick muscle), and the lateral and medial __
pterygoid
the rectus abdominis muscles of the abdominal wall are enclosed within a fibrous sleeve called the __ __ (A), and consist of right and left portions that are united by a vertical fibrous strip called the __ __ (B)
rectus sheath (A) linea alba (B)
the three __ muscles work with the sternocleidomastoid muscles to flex the neck
scalene
a circular muscle is also called a(n) __
sphincter
match the muscle of the vertebral column to its site of attachment.
spinalis group: spinous processes of axis and thoracic vertebrae lliocostalis group: angles of ribs and transverse processes of cervical vertebrae longissimus group: mastoid process of temporal bone and transverse processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
match the muscle of the abdominal wall to its attachment
spinalis group: spinous processes of axis and thoracic vertrbrae lliocostalis group: angles of ribs and transverse processes of cervical vertebrae longissimus group: mastiod process of temporal bone and transverse processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
the __ muscles of the anterior neck are associated with the floor of the mouth
suprahyoid
the muscles of the anterior neck that are superior to the hyoid bone are called __
suprahyoid muscles
which muscle retracts and depresses the tongue?
the hyoglossus muscle
which muscle attaches to the anteroinferior part of the sciera and pulls the eye inferiorly, as in looking down
the inferior rectus muscle
the vagus nerve innervates which extrinsic tongue muscle?
the palatoglossus muscle
the omohyoid muscle is attached to __
the scapula and hyoid bone
which muscle elevates and retracts the tongue when it contracts?
the syloglossus muscle
which muscle elevates and retracts the mandible during mastication?
the temporalis muscle
unilateral contraction of the splenius capitis, splenius cervicis, semispinalis capitis, and longissimus capitis causes __
turning of the head