anatomy and physiology chp 11

which of the following are considered muscles of mastication?

-The masseter muscle -The buccinator muscle -The lateral pterygoid muscle -The temporalis muscle -The medial pterygoid muscle Answers: The masseter muscle, the lateral pterygoid muscle, the temporalis muscle, the medial pterygoid muscle

which four of the following characterize that different patterns of fascicle arrangement?

-divergent -circular -convergent -pennate -columnar -parallel Answer: circular, convergent, pennate, parallel

the functions of the erector spinae muscle include __

-extension of vertebral column -lateral flexion of vertebral column -maintenance of posture -flexion of the head Answers: extension of vertebral column, lateral flexion of vertebral column, maintenance of posture

which statement correctly describes the digastric muscle?

-it attaches to the hyoid bone -it depresses the mandible -it has two bellies -it attaches to the superior border of the scapula Answers: it attaches to the hyoid bone, it depresses the mandible, it has two bellies

the anterolateral abdominal muscles include __

-the internal oblique muscle -the intercostal muscles -the transversus abdominis muscle -the external oblique muscle Answer: the internal oblique muscle, the transversus abdominis muscle, the external oblique muscle

list the pharyngeal constrictors from innermost (deepest) to outermost (most superficial).

1: superior constrictor 2: middle constrictor 3: inferior constrictor

match the type of primary action to its best description.

agonist: prime mover antagonist: opposes the agonist synergist: assists the agonist

match the muscles of the anterior neck ti its innervation.

anterior belly of digastric: mandibular division of CN V (trigeminal nerve) geniohyoid: first cervical spinal nerve (C1) via CN XII (hypoglossal nerve) stylohyoid: CN VII (facial nerve) sternothyroid: cervical spinal nerves C1-C3

the inferior attachments of the muscles that move the head and the neck are the __

bones of the vertebral column

during exhalation, muscles of respiration __

decrease the space of the thoracic cavity

the function of the geniohyoid is to __

elevate the hyoid bone

the broad tendon between the frontalis and occipitalis muscles is called the __ aponeurosis

epicranial

which muscle end in the suffix -glossus, meaning tongue?

extrinsic tongue muscles

the anterolateral neck muscles function to __

flex the head and neck

bilateral contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscles functions to __

flex the neck

muscles of the abdominal wall work together to __

flex the vertebral column

muscles of the anterior neck that are inferior to the hyoid bone are called __ muscles.

infrahyoid

which extrinsic muscle of the tongue is innervated by CN X (vagus nerve)?

palatoglossus

the four paired muscle of mastication are the temporalis (a broad, fan-shaped muscle), the masseter (a short, thick muscle), and the lateral and medial __

pterygoid

the rectus abdominis muscles of the abdominal wall are enclosed within a fibrous sleeve called the __ __ (A), and consist of right and left portions that are united by a vertical fibrous strip called the __ __ (B)

rectus sheath (A) linea alba (B)

the three __ muscles work with the sternocleidomastoid muscles to flex the neck

scalene

a circular muscle is also called a(n) __

sphincter

match the muscle of the vertebral column to its site of attachment.

spinalis group: spinous processes of axis and thoracic vertebrae lliocostalis group: angles of ribs and transverse processes of cervical vertebrae longissimus group: mastoid process of temporal bone and transverse processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

match the muscle of the abdominal wall to its attachment

spinalis group: spinous processes of axis and thoracic vertrbrae lliocostalis group: angles of ribs and transverse processes of cervical vertebrae longissimus group: mastiod process of temporal bone and transverse processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

the __ muscles of the anterior neck are associated with the floor of the mouth

suprahyoid

the muscles of the anterior neck that are superior to the hyoid bone are called __

suprahyoid muscles

which muscle retracts and depresses the tongue?

the hyoglossus muscle

which muscle attaches to the anteroinferior part of the sciera and pulls the eye inferiorly, as in looking down

the inferior rectus muscle

the vagus nerve innervates which extrinsic tongue muscle?

the palatoglossus muscle

the omohyoid muscle is attached to __

the scapula and hyoid bone

which muscle elevates and retracts the tongue when it contracts?

the syloglossus muscle

which muscle elevates and retracts the mandible during mastication?

the temporalis muscle

unilateral contraction of the splenius capitis, splenius cervicis, semispinalis capitis, and longissimus capitis causes __

turning of the head