Anatomy Ch. 11 test

Red Blood cell production is regulated by a hormone from the

Kidney

The lease numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the...

basophils

When hemoglobin is broken down, a green pigment called _____ is produced.

biliverdin

Stem cells responsible for the production of WBC originate in the...

bone marrow

what is a necessary cofactor in the formation of a blood clot?

calcium

The function of hemoglobin is to

carry oxygen

Platelets are

cell fragments

The chief difference between plasma and serum involves the

coagulation proteins

Platelets are

cytoplasmic fragments

Placement of oxygen mask on a patient could result in...

decreased erythropoiesis

The function of white blood cells is to

defend the body against infectious organisms

The condition of cyanosis is caused by increased levels of...

deoxyhemoglobin

Before red blood cells enter the bloodstream, they ...

eject their nucleus

biconcave cells without a nucleus are called..

erythrocytes (RBC)

Having too many red blood cells is called

erythrocytosis

Plasma is the ___ fraction of blood

extracellular fluid

The basic event that causes a blood clot to form is the change of...

fibrogin to fibrin

A hemoglobin molecule contains...

four protein chains, four heme groups, and four iron

Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are specifically calssified as___

granulocytes

The percentage of whole blood occupied by cellular elements is termed the...

hematocrit

Another term for the condition known aserythroblatosis fetalis is

hemolytic disease of the newborn

The inherited conditon resulting from the inadequate production of clotting factors is termed

hemophilia

The process of stopping bleeding is called_____

hemostasis

A sample of tissue from an injury shows a large number of eosinophils. This would indicate that the tissue was...

infected by parasites

what condition results from retaining hemoglobin breakdown products in the blood ?

janudice

during a viral infection, you would expect to see increased numbers of...

lymphocytes

Which condition may result in an decreased red blood cell count?

menstruation

Which of the following is an agranulocyte? -erythocyte -WBC -monocyte -eosinophil -thrombocyte

monocyte

The white blood cells that are important in leaving the blood vessels and phagocytizing large materials are

monocytes

What is a large phagocytic WBC that are"transformed" into phagocytic macrophages at the site of injury ?

monocytes

list the correct sequence of appearance for mature red blood cells

myeloid stem cell, proerythroblast,erythroblast, reticulocyte, RBC

The most common type of WBC in a normal blood sample is the____

neutrophil

which of the following is the MOST active phagocytically? -neutrophils -eosinophils -basophils -lymphocytes -erythrocytes

neutrophils

characteristic of WBC

nucleated and spheriod

EPO is released when

oxygen levels in the blood decrease

how would an increase in the concentration of calcium ion in the blood affect the process of hemostasis?

Coagulation would proceed more rapidly

Characteristic of Neutrophils

-are granular leukeocytes -are phagocytic -have lobed nuclei -are active in fighting bacterial infection

pus contains...

-leukocytes -bacteria -damaged body cells -platelets

Blood is composed of...

-plasma -formed elements -blood cells -cell fragments

Functions of blood include...

-transportation of nutrients and wastes -regulation of pH and electrolyte concentration of interstitial fluids -restricting fluid loss -body defense

Platelets function in

-transporting chemicals important to clotting -forming temporary patches in injured areas -contraction after clot formation -intitating the clotting process

Each heme group in a molecule of hemoglobin contains how many atoms of iron?

1

The clotting proteins in blood plasma are

albumins

A toxin that blocks the stomach's ability to release intrinsic factor would cause

anemia

Agglutinogens of the various blood types are examples of

antigens

characteristic of a platelet

anucleated and a cell fragment

characteristic of an RBC

anucleated and biconcave

Blood is approximately ____ percent plasma by volume.

55%

What is the condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced?

Anemia

Fresh whole blood is collected by

venipuncture

What is the correct sequence of hemostasis and clot removal ?

1.vascular spasm 2. platelet phase 3. coagulation 4. reaction 5. fibrinolysis

The average life span of a RBC is

4 months

The percentage of solids in a sample of human blood is normally about...

45%

A normal WBC count is about

5,000-10,000

Bill wants to determine his blood type so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound on his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera and anti-Rh sera, but not with the anti-B sera. This means...

Bills plasma contains anti-B antibodies

what occurs where endothelial and smooth muscles cells contatain large quantities of lipids?

Plaques

Calcium ions and ___ have an effect on nearly every aspect of the clotting process

Vitamin K

Which of the following viatmins is needed for the formation of clotting factors?

Vitamin K

Type AB Blood contains

agglutionogen A and B

Plasma proteins that are necessary for blood to maintain osmotic pressure are ...

albumins

Thrombocytopenia s a deficiency of ..

platelet

A person's blood type is determines by the

presence or absense of specific molecules on the plasma membrane

A person who lives in a city at sea level and vacations on Rocky Mountains would experience an increase in

red blood cell count

platelets release ___, which cause local vasoconstriction

serotonin

Which grouping of conditions may result in an increase blood cell count?

severe dehydration, diarrhea, polycythemia

What disease is characterized by an incorrect production of hemoglobin proteins?

sickle cell anemia

red bone marrow is located in the ...

sternum, ribs, bodies of vertebrae, ends of long bones

The common pathway of coagulation ends with

the activation of a clotting factor that converts fibrinogen to fibrin

The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by

the activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen

the main event of the coagulation phase is

the activation of fibrinogen

what effect would a drug that interferes with protein synthesis have on the development of red blood cells?

the cells formed would not be able to carry as much oxygen as normal

Red blood cells are stored in

the liver

A stationary blood clot is called...

thrombus

In adults, erythropoiesis primarily takes place in the...

tibia