Anatomy Ch. 11 test
Red Blood cell production is regulated by a hormone from the
Kidney
The lease numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the...
basophils
When hemoglobin is broken down, a green pigment called _____ is produced.
biliverdin
Stem cells responsible for the production of WBC originate in the...
bone marrow
what is a necessary cofactor in the formation of a blood clot?
calcium
The function of hemoglobin is to
carry oxygen
Platelets are
cell fragments
The chief difference between plasma and serum involves the
coagulation proteins
Platelets are
cytoplasmic fragments
Placement of oxygen mask on a patient could result in...
decreased erythropoiesis
The function of white blood cells is to
defend the body against infectious organisms
The condition of cyanosis is caused by increased levels of...
deoxyhemoglobin
Before red blood cells enter the bloodstream, they ...
eject their nucleus
biconcave cells without a nucleus are called..
erythrocytes (RBC)
Having too many red blood cells is called
erythrocytosis
Plasma is the ___ fraction of blood
extracellular fluid
The basic event that causes a blood clot to form is the change of...
fibrogin to fibrin
A hemoglobin molecule contains...
four protein chains, four heme groups, and four iron
Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are specifically calssified as___
granulocytes
The percentage of whole blood occupied by cellular elements is termed the...
hematocrit
Another term for the condition known aserythroblatosis fetalis is
hemolytic disease of the newborn
The inherited conditon resulting from the inadequate production of clotting factors is termed
hemophilia
The process of stopping bleeding is called_____
hemostasis
A sample of tissue from an injury shows a large number of eosinophils. This would indicate that the tissue was...
infected by parasites
what condition results from retaining hemoglobin breakdown products in the blood ?
janudice
during a viral infection, you would expect to see increased numbers of...
lymphocytes
Which condition may result in an decreased red blood cell count?
menstruation
Which of the following is an agranulocyte? -erythocyte -WBC -monocyte -eosinophil -thrombocyte
monocyte
The white blood cells that are important in leaving the blood vessels and phagocytizing large materials are
monocytes
What is a large phagocytic WBC that are"transformed" into phagocytic macrophages at the site of injury ?
monocytes
list the correct sequence of appearance for mature red blood cells
myeloid stem cell, proerythroblast,erythroblast, reticulocyte, RBC
The most common type of WBC in a normal blood sample is the____
neutrophil
which of the following is the MOST active phagocytically? -neutrophils -eosinophils -basophils -lymphocytes -erythrocytes
neutrophils
characteristic of WBC
nucleated and spheriod
EPO is released when
oxygen levels in the blood decrease
how would an increase in the concentration of calcium ion in the blood affect the process of hemostasis?
Coagulation would proceed more rapidly
Characteristic of Neutrophils
-are granular leukeocytes -are phagocytic -have lobed nuclei -are active in fighting bacterial infection
pus contains...
-leukocytes -bacteria -damaged body cells -platelets
Blood is composed of...
-plasma -formed elements -blood cells -cell fragments
Functions of blood include...
-transportation of nutrients and wastes -regulation of pH and electrolyte concentration of interstitial fluids -restricting fluid loss -body defense
Platelets function in
-transporting chemicals important to clotting -forming temporary patches in injured areas -contraction after clot formation -intitating the clotting process
Each heme group in a molecule of hemoglobin contains how many atoms of iron?
1
The clotting proteins in blood plasma are
albumins
A toxin that blocks the stomach's ability to release intrinsic factor would cause
anemia
Agglutinogens of the various blood types are examples of
antigens
characteristic of a platelet
anucleated and a cell fragment
characteristic of an RBC
anucleated and biconcave
Blood is approximately ____ percent plasma by volume.
55%
What is the condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced?
Anemia
Fresh whole blood is collected by
venipuncture
What is the correct sequence of hemostasis and clot removal ?
1.vascular spasm 2. platelet phase 3. coagulation 4. reaction 5. fibrinolysis
The average life span of a RBC is
4 months
The percentage of solids in a sample of human blood is normally about...
45%
A normal WBC count is about
5,000-10,000
Bill wants to determine his blood type so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound on his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His blood cells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera and anti-Rh sera, but not with the anti-B sera. This means...
Bills plasma contains anti-B antibodies
what occurs where endothelial and smooth muscles cells contatain large quantities of lipids?
Plaques
Calcium ions and ___ have an effect on nearly every aspect of the clotting process
Vitamin K
Which of the following viatmins is needed for the formation of clotting factors?
Vitamin K
Type AB Blood contains
agglutionogen A and B
Plasma proteins that are necessary for blood to maintain osmotic pressure are ...
albumins
Thrombocytopenia s a deficiency of ..
platelet
A person's blood type is determines by the
presence or absense of specific molecules on the plasma membrane
A person who lives in a city at sea level and vacations on Rocky Mountains would experience an increase in
red blood cell count
platelets release ___, which cause local vasoconstriction
serotonin
Which grouping of conditions may result in an increase blood cell count?
severe dehydration, diarrhea, polycythemia
What disease is characterized by an incorrect production of hemoglobin proteins?
sickle cell anemia
red bone marrow is located in the ...
sternum, ribs, bodies of vertebrae, ends of long bones
The common pathway of coagulation ends with
the activation of a clotting factor that converts fibrinogen to fibrin
The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by
the activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen
the main event of the coagulation phase is
the activation of fibrinogen
what effect would a drug that interferes with protein synthesis have on the development of red blood cells?
the cells formed would not be able to carry as much oxygen as normal
Red blood cells are stored in
the liver
A stationary blood clot is called...
thrombus
In adults, erythropoiesis primarily takes place in the...
tibia