Anatomy Chapter 8 test (The Nervous System)
which of the following neurotransmitters usually depolarizes postsynaptic neurons
acetylcholine
the ________ acts as a switching and relay center for integration of conscious and unconscious sensory information and motor commands
diencephalon
the thalamus is the largest portion of which major brain region
diencephalon
the area anterior to the central sulcus is the
frontal lobe
if the dorsal root of a spinal nerve is severed,
incoming sensory information would be disrupted
the visual cortex is located in the
occipital lobe
all of the nervous tissue outside of the central nervous system comprises the _____ nervous system
peripheral
the ____ is the layer of the meninges that is in direct contact with the surface of the brain
pia mater
which structure secrete melatonin
pineal gland
when a neuron is at rest, which ion passes through its membrane most easily
potassium
the primary motor cortex of the cerebrum is located in the
precentral gyrus
the surface of the post-central gyrus contains the
primary sensory cortex
which of the following lists the parts of a reflex arc in the correct order
receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector
Which of the following is a function of the efferent division of the nervous system?
sending signals to muscles
the cortex inferior to the lateral sulcus is the
temporal lobe
the part of the peripheral nervous system that brings information to the central nervous system is the
afferent division
the brain and spinal cord comprise the
central nervous system
another name for the patellar reflex is the
knee-jerk reflex
the visual cortex of the cerebrum is located in the
occipital lobe
which structure contains cardiovascular and respiratory rhythmicity centers
medulla oblongata
the resting potential of a neuron is
-70 mV
the _____ nervous system provides involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular activity
autonomic
which ion is needed to trigger the release of acetylcholine, via exocytosis, into the synaptic cleft
calcium
the gray matter of the spinal cord is dominated by
cell bodies of neurons and glial cells
the region of the brain that is involved in conscious thought and intellectual function as well as processing somatic sensory and motor information is the
cerebrum
the primary connection between cerebral hemispheres is the
corpus callosum
the branching structures that, together with the cell body, are sensitive to chemical, mechanical, or electrical stimulation are called
dendrites
opening of voltage-gated sodium channels in the membrane of a neuron results in
depolarization
the two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the
longitudinal fissure
If Broca's area is damaged, what might result
loss of ability to speak
major centers concerned with autonomic function, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration is the
medulla oblongata
Neurons that have two or more dendrites and a single axon extending away from the soma are called
multipolar
most neurons lack centrioles. This observation explains
why such neurons cannot divide through mitosis
the neurilemma of axons in the peripheral nervous system is the outer layer of
Schwann cells