Anatomy Exam 2 (Ch 7 & 8)

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How many vertebrae comprise the thoracic region of the spine? 12 7 5 1

12

How many bones make up the adult skull? 22 5 12 7

22

How many ribs make up the rib cage? 12 24 8 10

24

Identify the typical number of vertebrae that fuse during development to form the coccyx. 3 - 5 5 - 7 2 - 8 1 - 3

3 - 5

How many lumbar vertebrae are in the vertebral column? 7 12 5 4

5

How many lumbar vertebrae are there in a typical adult skeleton? 4 5 7 12

5

How many pairs of ribs are considered false ribs? 5 7 12 8

5

Name the number of vertebrae that fuse together to form the sacrum. 4 2 3 5

5

How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum? 5 12 7 8

7

How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum? 8 5 7 12

7

How many vertebrae make up the cervical region of the vertebral column? 3 5 7 9

7

Without lateral rotation of the humerus by the teres minor and infraspinatus muscles, the maximum angle of abduction by the deltoid would be __________. 75 degrees 30 degrees 180 degrees 90 degrees

90 degrees

Review the types you have studied, and select a true statement or characteristic of uniaxial movement in a representative joint. -The dancer's leg is lifted to a ballet bar. -A golfer swings at the ball on the tee. -A person bends over, and his or her vertebral processes move past one another. -A person curls his or her fingers, and the phalanges flex at the interphalangeal joints.

A person curls his or her fingers, and the phalanges flex at the interphalangeal joints.

Which of the following movements is an example of circumduction movement?

A pitcher winding up to throw the ball

Correctly match the term and definition: Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

Abduction

As Mrs. Tanner recovers, she will do exercises to strengthen her muscles and regain her range of motion. To reduce the risk of dislocating the hip during these exercises, the nurse will make sure she does not do which of the following? Adduct her thigh until the knee moves past the midline. Plantar flex the foot. Flex the leg at the knee. Tighten her gluteal muscles.

Adduct her thigh until the knee moves past the midline.

Correctly match the term and definition: Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body in the frontal plane.

Adduction

The glenoid labrum can become torn from overuse or direct injury to the shoulder joint. Considering the function of the glenoid labrum, describe some of the consequences of a large tear in the glenoid labrum. -"Popping" or "catching" of the shoulder can result because a torn glenoid labrum is unable to hold the humerus tightly against the glenoid cavity. -Tears in the glenoid labrum can lead to shoulder dislocation because the glenoid cavity is very shallow without the glenoid labrum to stabilize the humerus. -Tears in the glenoid labrum could lead to decreased range of motion at the elbow because the biceps brachii tendon attaches to the glenoid labrum. -All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

In the classification of joints, which of the following is true? In cartilaginous joints, a joint cavity is present. All synovial joints are freely movable. Synarthrotic joints are slightly movable. Immovable joints are called amphiarthroses.

All synovial joints are freely movable.

Which of the following is the only bone that normally moves in relation to the others?

Answer: D

Which of the following pairings of letter to bone is INCORRECT?

Answer: A

Identify the bone(s) that form(s) the majority of the hard palate and a keystone bone of the face.

Answer: A.

Name the foramen at letter C.

Answer: Foramen magnum

Name the highlighted bone(s).

Answer: mandible, or mandibular bone

Which of the following bones are indicated by letters A, B, and D (in order)?

Answer: maxilla, temporal, and occipital

Which joint in the figure is capable of multiaxial movement? A B D E

Answer: A

Label the following appropriately: Transverse process Superior articular process Spinous process Vertebral foramen Body (centrum)

Answer: A. Body (centrum) B. Vertebral foramen C. Transverse process D. Superior articular process E. Spinous process

Which of the following is a hinge joint? A B E F

Answer: F

What action(s) may take place at the elbow from its current position? pronate only circumduct and pronate flex only extension only

Answer: Flex only

Which structure is highlighted?

Answer: Ischiofemoral ligament

Identify the highlighted structures.

Answer: Lumbar vertebrae

The thumb joint indicated by D allows which of the following special movements? opposition dorsiflexion inversion elevation

Answer: Opposition

Identify the highlighted structures.

Answer: Sacral vertebrae

The highlighted bone articulates with which other bone(s) of the skull?

Answer: temporal bone

Label the following appropriately: Coronal suture Zygomatic process Zygomatic bone Maxilla Mandible

Answer: A. Coronal suture B. Maxilla C. Mandible D. Zygomatic process E. Zygomatic bone

Label the following appropriately: True ribs False ribs Floating ribs Manubrium Body Costal cartilage

Answer: A. Floating ribs B. Body C. Costal cartilage D. False ribs E. True ribs F. Manubrium

Label the following appropriately: Parietal bone Sphenoid bone Temporal bone Ethmoid bone Frontal bone Nasal bone Maxilla Mandible

Answer: A. Frontal bone B. Ethmoid bone C. Sphenoid bone D. Mandible E. Maxilla F. Temporal bone G. Parietal bone H. Nasal bone

Label the following appropriately: Superior articular process Transverse process Lumbar vertebrae Spinous process Body Intervertebral disc

Answer: A. Intervertebral disc B. Lumbar vertebrae C. Superior articular process D. Spinous process E. Body F. Transverse process

Label the following appropriately: Parietal bone Sphenoid bone Temporal bone Ethmoid bone Frontal bone Nasal bone Occipital bone Lacrimal bone

Answer: A. Temporal bone B. Lacrimal bone C. Frontal bone D. Sphenoid bone E. Parietal bone F. Nasal bone G. Ethmoid bone H. Occipital bone

Sort the following appropriately: -Articulates with the hip bones of the pelvis. -Transverse foramina allow the passage of vertebral arteries. Includes the atlas and the axis. Contains a pivot joint that allows you to rotate your head "no". -Attaches to ribs. -Bears most of the weight. -No canals or foramen present.

Answer: A. Transverse foramina allow the passage of vertebral arteries. Includes the atlas and the axis. Contains a pivot joint that allows you to rotate your head "no". B. Bears most of the weight. C. No canals or foramen present. D. Attaches to ribs. E. Articulates with the hip bones of the pelvis.

Identify the type of movement of the upper limb at the shoulder as indicated by "B".

Answer: Adduction

Which structure is highlighted?

Answer: Anterior Cruciate Ligament

Identify the highlighted ligament.

Answer: Anterior cruciate ligament

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Anular ligament

Name the vertebra pictured.

Answer: Axis

Which joint moves only by a uniaxial movement around its own axis? B D E F

Answer: B

The highlighted bone and the hip bone form what type of synovial joint?

Answer: Ball and socket

What is the structural classification of the highlighted joint? cartilaginous fibrous syndesmosis synovial

Answer: Cartilaginous

Which of these terms best categorizes the joints in the figure? synovial joints cartilaginous joints fibrous joints

Answer: Cartilaginous joints

Identify the highlighted structures.

Answer: Cervical spine

Which structures are highlighted?

Answer: Cervical vertebrae and curvature

Identify the highlighted bone.

Answer: Coccyx

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Coracoacromial ligament

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Coronal suture

Which of the following terms describes the range of movement of the illustrated joint? diarthrotic synovial synarthrotic amphiarthrotic

Answer: Diarthrotic

Identify the bone in the image.

Answer: Ethmoid bone

The highlighted vertebrae articulate with the ribs. T / F

Answer: False

Identify the highlighted structures.

Answer: False ribs

Which structure is highlighted?

Answer: Femur

What material is found in C and D that is not found in A and B? hyaline cartilage elastic cartilage dense irregular connective tissue fibrocartilage

Answer: Fibrocartilage

What type of tissue comprises the highlighted structure? dense irregular connective tissue hyaline cartilage fibrocartilage

Answer: Fibrocartilage

Identify the type of movement at the neck indicated by "C".

Answer: Flexion

Which structures are highlighted?

Answer: Floating Ribs

Identify the indicated structure.

Answer: Foramen magnum

Identify the bone.

Answer: Frontal bone

The proximal end of the highlighted bone participates in which joint?

Answer: Glenohumeral

Identify the type of synovial joint indicated by "E".

Answer: Hinge joint

Identify the type of movement at the neck indicated by "A".

Answer: Hyperextension

Which structure is highlighted?

Answer: Iliofemoral ligament

Which bones unite to form the highlighted bone?

Answer: Ilium, ischium, and pubis.

Identify the highlighted structures.

Answer: Intervertebral disc

Which of the following is true regarding the structure indicated by the black arrow in Figure A? -It is formed by a synovial membrane. -It becomes ossified late in adult development. -It is classified as amphiarthrotic. -It is composed of hyaline cartilage.

Answer: It becomes ossified late in adult development.

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Lateral collateral ligament

Which structure is highlighted?

Answer: Lateral collateral ligament

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Lateral meniscus

Which of the following best describes the surface of the structure at D? loose connective tissue dense irregular connective tissue simple columnar epithelium hyaline cartilage

Answer: Loose connective tissue

Which structure is highlighted?

Answer: Lumbar curvature and vertebra

Identify the highlighted bone.

Answer: Mandible

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Manubrium

Which structure is highlighted? pterygoid process styloid process zygomatic process mastoid process

Answer: Mastoid process

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Medial collateral ligament

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Medial meniscus

Identify the highlighted bones.

Answer: Parietal bone

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Patellar ligament

Which structure is highlighted? tibial collateral ligament tendon of quadriceps femoris patellar ligament

Answer: Patellar ligament

Identify the type of synovial joint indicated by "F".

Answer: Pivot Joint

The highlighted bone froms the base of which cranial fossa?

Answer: Posterior

Which ligament is highlighted?

Answer: Posterior cruciate

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Posterior cruciate ligament

Which structure is highlighted? anular ligament humerus radial collateral ligament

Answer: Radial collateral ligament

Identify the type of synovial joint indicted by "B".

Answer: Saddle Joint

Which bone is highlighted?

Answer: Scapula

What type of bone is highlighted?

Answer: Sesamoid

Identify the bone in the image.

Answer: Sphenoid bone

Which structures are highlighted? transverse processes pedicles laminae spinous processes

Answer: Spinous processes

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Sternum

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Styloid process

Which of the following best describes the joint labeled B in the figure? synarthrotic amphiarthrotic fibrous diarthrotic

Answer: Synarthrotic

Identify the bone in the image.

Answer: Temporal

Which structure is highlighted? patellar ligament posterior cruciate ligament tendon of quadriceps femoris

Answer: Tendon of quadriceps femoris

Identify the highlighted structures.

Answer: Thoracic vertebrae

Which structures are highlighted?

Answer: Thoracic vertebrae

What is a feature unique to the highlighted vertebrae?

Answer: Transverse foramina

Which structures are highlighted?

Answer: True Ribs

Identify the highlighted structure.

Answer: Xiphoid process

All three joints in the figure are classified as ____. synovial joints fibrous joints cartilaginous joints

Answer: fibrous joints

To what region of the vertebral column does this vertebra belong? thoracic sacral cervical lumbar

Answer: thoracic

What part of this vertebra is indicated by the letter B? body transverse process pedicle spinous process

Answer: transverse process

Sort the descriptive phrases , which describe either nonaxial movement or some other type of movement, into the appropriate bins. Sort the following into nonaxial movement or types of movement: -Vertebral processes gliding past one another -Flat bones sliding past one another -Movement between adjacent carpal bones -Flexion at the elbow -Rotation of a bone on one axis

Answer: See Image

Correctly match the description to the structure of synovial joints: Composed of the fibrous and synovial layers.

Articular capsule

Allows the head to nod "yes."

Atlas

The bone that articulates with the occipital condyles.

Atlas

What is the name of the first cervical vertebra? Axis Occipital condyles Atlas Superior articular process

Atlas

Which vertebra does NOT have a body? last lumbar last cervical atlas axis

Atlas

Which vertebra lacks both a body and spinous process? Axis Atlas

Atlas

Identify the articulation site that allows us to rotate our head, e.g. shaking the head "no". Occipital bone - axis Atlas - axis Axis - C3 Occipital bone - atlas

Atlas - axis

Identify the region of the sacrum that articulates with the hip bone. Sacral canal Median sacral crest Auricular surface Sacral promontory

Auricular surface

What is the name of the second cervical vertebra? Vertebra prominens Atlas Dens Axis

Axis

Identify a unique characteristic of a typical cervical vertebra. Dens Vertebral foramen Enlarged body Bifid spinous process

Bifid spinous process

Identify the central portion of the sternum. Body Soma Manubrium Xiphoid Process

Body

Which part of a vertebra is known as the centrum? Lamina Transverse process Vertebral foramen Body

Body

A bimalleolar fracture is a common sports injury that affects the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus. Which of the following does this fracture impact?

Both the tibia and fibula

Another name for the axis is: C1 C2 C3 C5 C7

C2

Correctly match the bone of the upper limb with its description: Forms the wrist joint with the radius and ulna.

Carpals

Correctly match the following term: The wrist bones.

Carpals

Which region of the vertebral column contains the smallest vertebrae? Sacrum Lumbar region Cervical region Thoracic region

Cervical region

These bones are the smallest and lightest vertebrae.

Cervical vertebrae

Identify the tailbone. Sacrum Spinous process Coccyx Xiphoid process

Coccyx

The fused rudimentary tailbone.

Coccyx

Correctly match the following joint: Metacarpophalangeal joint.

Condylar joint

Connects parietal and frontal bones.

Coronal suture.

Identify the articulation site for the head of a rib. Transverse costal facet Pedicle Lamina Demi-facet

Demi-facet

Which of the following characteristics do not belong to the lumbar region? Elongated spinous process Blunt spinous process Bulky centrum Large size overall

Elongated spinous process

A patient is brought to the trauma center with head and facial injuries sustained in a motor vehicle accident. You note a constant flow of clear fluid from her nose. Which bone may be fractured? Parietal bone Ethmoid Nasal Zygomatic bone

Ethmoid

Which of the following bones is not a facial bone? Maxillary Zygomatic Inferior nasal concha Ethmoid

Ethmoid

All joints permit some degree of movement, even if very slight. T / F

False

Each of the 12 ribs articulates with one vertebra. Is this statement true or false? T / F

False

The lumbar vertebrae are part of the appendicular skeleton. F / T

False

The lumbar vertebrae are roughly the same size as vertebrae from the rest of the vertebral column. T / F

False

Correctly match the following bone marking to its bone: Greater trochanter.

Femur

Correctly match the following term: Articulates with both the acetabulum and the tibia.

Femur

Each of the following bones is part of the pelvic girdle, except the __________.

Femur

The gluteal tuberosity is a bone marking found on the __________.

Femur

Which of the following have bone markings called trochanters?

Femur only

Correctly match the following: Meniscus.

Fibrocartilage disc

Correctly match the bone of the lower limb with its description: Bone that has the lateral malleolus

Fibula

Correctly match the following: Touching your chin to your chest.

Flexion

Decreasing the angle between bones in the sagittal plane is called __________.

Flexion

In uniaxial movement at the elbow joint, the movement allowed is ___ and ___.

Flexion & Extension

Which of the following bones is unpaired? Zygomatic Temporal Parietal Frontal

Frontal

Identify the part of a rib that articulates in the demi-facets of the thoracic vertebra. Neck Tubercle Tuberosity Head

Head

Correctly match the bone of the lower limb with its description: Articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis.

Head of Femur

Correctly match the following: Calcaneus

Heel bone

Correctly match the following joint: Interphalangeal joint.

Hinge Joint

Correctly match the following term: Coxal bone.

Hip

Correctly match the bone of the upper limb with its description: Articulates with the scapula.

Humerus

Name the type of connective tissue that anchors the ribs onto the sternum. Dense regular connective tissue Fibrocartilage Hyaline cartilage Elastic cartilage

Hyaline cartilage

Correctly match the term and definition: Movement that increases the angle between two bones along the sagittal plane beyond the anatomical position.

Hyperextension

Correctly match the following term: Pelvic girdle bone of the appendicular skeleton that articulates with the axial skeleton.

Ilium

Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it. Superior articular processes Transverse processes Spinous process Inferior articular processes

Inferior articular processes

Which of the following structures would not be found within a vertebral foramen? Dura mater Spinal cord Intervertebral discs Spinal nerve roots

Intervertebral discs

As part of Mrs. Tanner's rehabilitation, clinicians will assess all of the movements that normally occur at the hip. This would include all EXCEPT: Inversion of the thigh. Abduction of the thigh. Flexion of the thigh. Circumduction of the thigh.

Inversion of the thigh.

The prefix ____ means ischium or hip joint.

Ischi-

Why is the rib at B considered a true rib? -It possesses a costal groove. -It encloses the thoracic cavity and protects the vital organs within. -It is capable of movement during the action of breathing. -It passes from the vertebral column to the sternum via it's own costal cartilage.

It passes from the vertebral column to the sternum via it's own costal cartilage.

Correctly match the following: Patella.

Kneecap

Identify the small facial bones found in the medial wall of the orbit. Lacrimal Zygomatic Inferior nasal concha Palatine

Lacrimal

Which bone is NOT considered to be part of the cranium? Occipital bone Lacrimal bone Sphenoid bone Ethmoid bone

Lacrimal bone

Connects occipital and parietal bones.

Lambdoid suture.

Which of these regions of the vertebral column would be most accessible from a posterior surgical approach? Pedicle Vertebral foramen Body Lamina

Lamina

Correctly match the bone and location: Radius.

Lateral forearm

Correctly match the following bones to their location: Tibia and fibula.

Leg

Correctly match the bone of the lower limb with its description: Elongated-ridge on posterior of femur.

Linea aspera

Which of the following is not considered a primary factor influencing the stability of synovial joints?

Location of the joint

Which inflammatory joint disease is caused by the bites of ticks that live on mice and deer? gouty arthritis Lyme disease rheumatoid arthritis bursitis

Lyme disease

Identify the shield shaped top of the sternum. Body Xiphoid Process Manubrium Gladiolus

Manubrium

Which facial bones fuse to form the upper jaw? Zygomatic Lacrimal Maxillary Nasal

Maxillary

Correctly match the bone and location: Ulna.

Medial forearm

Which landmark is composed of fused spinous processes? Coccyx Posterior sacral foramina Median sacral crest Sacral promontory

Median sacral crest

The menisci in the knee joint can be torn for a variety of reasons. Considering the structure of the menisci, would you expect these tears to heal on their own? Why or why not? -Menisci tears do not heal on their own because the menisci are composed of fibrocartilage and do not have an extensive blood supply. -Menisci tears can heal quickly because of the nutrients surrounding them in the synovial fluid. -Menisci tears do not heal on their own because the menisci are composed of hyaline cartilage and do not have an extensive blood supply. -The medial meniscus is attached to the tibial collateral ligament, so fibroblasts in the ligament can divide and differentiate into chondrocytes to repair the meniscus.

Menisci tears do not heal on their own because the menisci are composed of fibrocartilage and do not have an extensive blood supply.

Correctly match the bone of the upper limb with its description: Bones of the palm of your hand

Metacarpals

Correctly match the following term: Bones that form most of the sole of the feet.

Metatarsals

Which of the following represents a correct statement about multiaxial joints? -Movement in more than two axes is permitted in a multiaxial joint. -The rounded end of the proximal metacarpal fitting into the distal surface of the carpal bone of the wrist is a classic ball-and-socket joint. -The ball-and-socket joint permits only one angular motion. -The articulating surfaces in the multiaxial joint are a cylindrical bone and a trough-shaped bone.

Movement in more than two axes is permitted in a multiaxial joint.

Which facial bones makeup the central portion of the bridge of the nose? Lacrimal Zygomatic Maxillary Nasal

Nasal

Which of the following bones do not contain a sinus? Nasal Sphenoid Frontal Maxillary

Nasal

Identify the articulation site that allows us to nod our head "yes". Occipital bone - axis Occipital bone - atlas Atlas - axis Occipital bone - C2

Occipital bone - atlas

Identify the region of the skull that articulates with the atlas. Superior articular facets Mastoid processes Foramen magnum Occipital condyles

Occipital condyles

Connects occipital and temporal bones.

Occipitomastoid suture.

Which of the following is the bony part that rests on the table when you lean on your elbows?

Olecranon

Which facial bones form the roof of the mouth? (Select any / all that apply) Palatine bones Mandible Ethmoid bone Maxillary bones Zygomatic bone

Palatine bones Maxillary bones

Match the name of the bone to its location: Clavicle.

Pectoral girdle

Which of the following is part of the appendicular division of the skeletal system?

Pectoral girdle

Match the name of the bone to its location: Ilium.

Pelvic girdle

Correctly match the following term: Bones that form the fingers and toes.

Phalanges

Correctly match the following joint: Radioulnar joint.

Pivot Joint

When a ballerina or gymnast points their toes, this motion is __________.

Plantar Flexion

Examples of uniaxial movement permitted at the surfaces of bones can be found at these two articulations, ___ and ___.

Proximal ulna to radius & Distal humerus to proximal ulna.

Correctly match the following term: Articulates with the capitulum of the humerus.

Radius

Correctly match the following: Shaking your head "no."

Rotation

The atlas to axis joint would exhibit ___.

Rotation

Which region of the vertebral column is immediately inferior to the lumbar region? Thoracic Cervical Sacral Coccygeal

Sacral

Identify the bony posterior wall of the pelvis. Lumbar vertebrae Pubic symphysis Coccyx Sacrum

Sacrum

This bone shapes the posterior wall of the pelvis.

Sacrum

Correctly match the following joint: Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.

Saddle Joint

Identify the suture found between the 2 parietal bones. Sagittal suture Coronal suture Lamdoidal suture Squamosal suture

Sagittal suture

Connects right and left parietal bones.

Sagittal suture.

Correctly match the following term: Glenoid cavity.

Scapula

Correctly match the following term: Markings include glenoid cavity and acromion.

Scapula

Correctly match the following term: Scapula.

Shoulder blade

Which cranial bone spans the width of the cranial floor? Temporal Occipital Sphenoid Ethmoid

Sphenoid

Name the vertebral projection oriented in a median plane. Transverse process Inferior articular process Superior articular process Spinous process

Spinous process

Connects temporal and parietal bones.

Squamosal suture.

Which region of the vertebral column is located superior to the thoracic region and which region is inferior to the thoracic region, respectively? Superiorly: lumbar and inferiorly: coccyx Superiorly: lumbar and inferiorly: cervical Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: sacrum Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: lumbar

Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: lumbar

__________ refers to rotation of the forearm laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly or superiorly.

Supination

Match the following: Adjoining bones are covered with articular cartilage; a joint cavity is present.

Synovial Joint

Which of the following thoracic vertebrae is the largest? T1 T12 T7 T5

T12

Correctly match the following term: Cuboid.

Tarsal bone

Which of the following is a true statement? -The head of the humerus articulates with the acromion process. -The rotator cuff is responsible for the flexible extensions at the elbow joint. -The annular ligament surrounds the head of the radius. -The greater tubercle of the humerus articulates at the coracoid process of the scapula.

The annular ligament surrounds the head of the radius.

Which statement about the knee is incorrect? -The deep cups created by the tibial articular surfaces help to stabilize the joint. -The knee is vulnerable to lateral forces that can cause injury. -Several bursae aid in the movement of the knee. -Several ligaments cross the knee to stabilize the knee in several directions.

The deep cups created by the tibial articular surfaces help to stabilize the joint.

An individual with a "double-jointed" thumb can pull it back towards the wrist much farther than normal. What does it mean to be "double-jointed?" -Greater than normal production of serous fluid lubricates the joint and extends it. -Articular cartilage at bone ends is replaced with hyaline cartilage. -The additional joint present doubles the range of motion. -The joint capsules and ligaments are more stretchy and loose than normal.

The joint capsules and ligaments are more stretchy and loose than normal.

Which of the following statements best describes angular movements? They change (increase or decrease) the angle between two bones. They allow movement only in one plane. They occur only between bones with flat articular processes. They turn a bone along its own long axis.

They change (increase or decrease) the angle between two bones.

Which region of the vertebral column is immediately superior to the lumbar region? Sacral Thoracic Coccygeal Cervical

Thoracic

Correctly match the synovial joint to its range of motion: Multiaxial.

Three planes

Correctly match the bone of the lower limb with its description: Bone with the bony crest that forms the shin

Tibia

Correctly match the following term: Medial and lateral condyles

Tibia

At its distal end, the femur articulates with the __________.

Tibia only

Identify the articulation site for a tubercle of a rib. Demi-facet Superior articular facet Transverse costal facet Inferior articular facet

Transverse costal facet

Identify a lateral projection of a vertebra. Superior articular process Lamina Spinous process Transverse process

Transverse process

Foramina located in the _____ is a characteristic of cervical vertebrae. Lamina Transverse processes Pedicle Bifid spinous processes Body

Transverse processes

All of the bones of the skull, except the mandible, are united by sutures and are therefore immovable. T / F

True

Movement of the ankle so that the superior aspect of the foot approaches the shin is called dorsiflexion. T / F

True

Supination is the movement of the forearm in which the palm of the hand is turned anteriorly or superiorly. T / F

True

The amount of movement permitted by a particular joint is the basis for the functional classification of that joint. T / F

True

The gripping of the trochlea by the trochlear notch constitutes the "hinge" for the elbow joint. T / F

True

The lumbar vertebrae are found in the lower back. T / F

True

The shape of the spinous process can be used to help determine if a vertebra is from the lumbar region. T / F

True

The structural classification of joints is based on the composition of the binding material and the presence or absence of a joint cavity. T / F

True

There are seven cervical, twelve thoracic, and five lumbar vertebrae. T / F

True

Identify the region of a rib that articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra. Neck Head Tubercle Shaft

Tubercle

Correctly match the following: Pronation.

Turning the palm down

Correctly match the following: Supination.

Turning the palm up

Correctly match the following: Eversion.

Turning the sole of the foot laterally

Correctly match the following: Inversion.

Turning the sole of the foot medially

Correctly match the following term: Coronoid process.

Ulna

Correctly match the following term: Olecranon

Ulna

What bone forms part of the nasal septum? Maxillary Inferior nasal concha Nasal bone Vomer

Vomer

Which suture is highlighted? squamous occipitomastoid parietomastoid lambdoid

Which suture is highlighted? lambdoid

What part of the sternum is palpated prior to giving CPR? Body Sternal angle Xiphoid Process Manubrium

Xiphoid Process

What is the anatomical name for the facial bones known as "cheekbones"? Lacrimal bones Nasal bones Zygomatic bones Maxillary bones

Zygomatic bones

Movement of the shoulder laterally away from the body is called __________. extension adduction abduction flexion

abduction

Movement of the upper limb away from the trunk is called ________. extension abduction adduction lateral flexion

abduction

What is moving a limb away from the midline of the body along the frontal plane called? adduction abduction extension flexion

abduction

Performing "jumping jacks" requires ________. flexion and extension pronation and supination abduction and adduction inversion and eversion

abduction and adduction

The prefix ____ means end or tip.

acro-

The articulation formed by the tip of the scapula and the clavicle is called the ____.

acromioclavicular joint

A reduction in the lateral angle of the glenohumeral joint in relation to the anatomical position would be called __________. extension abduction adduction flexion

adduction

The prefix ___ means on both sides, of both kinds.

amphi-

A joints that is only slightly moveable is classified as a(n) ___ joint.

amphiarthroses

Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are ________. synovial joints diarthroses amphiarthroses synarthroses

amphiarthroses

Which of the following refers to a joint that is slightly movable? synovial amphiarthrosis synarthrosis diarthrosis

amphiarthrosis

You are asked to demonstrate plantar flexion. To do this, you must move your ________. knee ankle elbow wrist

ankle

Which joints are correctly matched? elbow; pivot wrist; saddle ankle; hinge interphalangeal; plane

ankle; hinge

Which of the following ligaments prevents the tibia from sliding forward in the knee joint? arcuate popliteal ligament anterior cruciate ligament oblique popliteal ligament tibial collateral ligament

anterior cruciate ligament

Synarthrotic joints ________. have large joint cavities characterize all cartilaginous joints are immovable joints are found only in adults

are immovable joints

The prefix ___ means joint.

arthr-

Inflammation of a joint broadly describes all types of ___.

arthritis

Which of the following conditions is joint inflammation or degeneration accompanied by stiffness, pain, and swelling? arthritis rheumatoid arthritis Lyme disease osteoarthritis

arthritis

The prefix ___ means axis.

axi-

Which of the following bones are part of the axial skeleton? bones of the face bones of the the pelvic girdle bones of the pectoral girdles bones of the lower limbs

bones of the face

A joint held together by fibrocartilage would be classified as a __________ joint. amphiarthrosis fibrous synovial cartilaginous

cartilaginous

Which of the following is NOT a functional classification for joints? cartilaginous synarthrosis diarthrosis amphiarthrosis

cartilaginous

The ligaments that protect the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles and limit the movement of the femur anteriorly and posteriorly are called ________. tibial collateral ligaments cruciate ligaments patellar ligaments anterior ligaments

cruciate ligaments

The main reason the hip joint is stable is because of the __________. rotator cuff muscles muscle tendons that cross the joint bulky hip and thigh muscles surrounding the joint deep socket of the joint and strong capsular ligaments

deep socket of the joint and strong capsular ligaments

The __________ is a prime mover of the glenohumeral joint during flexion. deltoid biceps brachii teres major coracobrachialis

deltoid

The terms inversion and eversion pertain only to the ________. arms hands and the feet hands feet

feet

Based upon structural classification, what type of joint is a suture? synarthrotic joint fibrous joint amphiarthrotic joint cartilaginous joint

fibrous joint

Bending forward at the hip is an example of ________. pronation extension supination flexion

flexion

Bowing to your opponent before a jiu jitsu match would be considered a ________ movement. flexion extension circumduction hyperextension

flexion

Which movement decreases the angle between articulating bones? supination extension adduction flexion

flexion

Movement of the elbow joint movement is limited to __________. flexion and extension supination and flexion pronation and supination extension and pronation

flexion and extension

What is the most specific term you could apply to the rib at D? -floating rib -true rib -false rib

floating rib

If a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is not properly repaired, the consequences could include the inability to prevent ________. medial rotation of an extended knee lateral rotation of an extended knee forward sliding of the tibia on the femur forward sliding of the femur

forward sliding of the tibia on the femur

Abduction requires the action of two muscles, and adduction requires the action of __________. three muscles four muscles two muscles one muscle

four muscles

Which type of movement does not occur at the shoulder joint? extension abduction gliding rotation

gliding

Presence of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and ligaments are characteristics of what type of joint? suture symphysis synchondrosis hinge joint

hinge joint

Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of ________. circumduction flexion extension hyperextension

hyperextension

The prefix ____ means between or among.

inter-

Each ____ is made of fibrocartilage and serves as a shock absorber for the spine.

intervertebral disc

A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole inward is called __________.

inversion

The female true pelvis __________.

is inferior to the pelvic brim

The female pelvis __________.

is tilted anteriorly (forward) compared to a male pelvis

The bone marking that makes up the portion of the pelvis you sit on is the ____.

ischial tuberosity

Why would the male pelvis exhibit more prominent (pronounced) bone markings than the female pelvis? more dietary calcium larger leg muscles longer gait (stride) taller physical stature

larger leg muscles

Sprains indicate damage to what joint component? bones tendons muscles ligaments

ligaments

The role of synovial fluid is to __________.

lubricate joints

The prefix ____ means after, along, or behind.

meta-

When moving proximally from the toes, the set of bones after the phalanges are the ____.

metatarsals

Muscles are strung across joints and can therefore move them. The insertion of a muscle ________. moves away from the origin during contraction is usually proximal to the origin on limb muscles moves toward the origin during contraction is the stable or less movable attachment

moves toward the origin during contraction

The hip joint is a good example of a(n) ________ synovial joint. uniaxial multiaxial nonaxial biaxial

multiaxial

As one of four major knee ligaments, the anterior cruciate ligament, or ACL, is critical to knee stability. Patients with a slightly injured ACL may complain that their knee "wants to give-out from under them." Which of the following is a rehabilitation procedure that would most likely benefit this type of patient? muscle strengthening exercises extensive bed rest arthroscopic surgery knee replacement

muscle strengthening exercises

Which of the following are correctly matched? gout; inflammation of the tendons bursitis; uric acid crystals in the joint tendonitis; inflammation of the joint osteoarthritis; chronic degenerative joint disease

osteoarthritis; chronic degenerative joint disease

Pointing the toes is an example of ________. circumduction pronation plantar flexion protraction

plantar flexion

The cruciate ligaments of the knee ________. attach to each other in their midportions are also called collateral ligaments tend to run parallel to one another prevent hyperextension of the knee

prevent hyperextension of the knee

The prefix ___ means before, in front of, or projecting.

pro-

Which type of movement is unique to the forearm? pronation extension adduction opposition

pronation

Movement of the forearm includes __________. pronation and supination flexion and extension extension and pronation supination and flexion

pronation and supination

When a child juts her chin forward stubbornly, she is demonstrating the action of ___ of the jaw.

protraction

What is the major function of the axial skeleton? provide central support for the body and protect internal organs provide an attachment point for muscles that allow movement give the body resilience provide a space for the major digestive organs

provide central support for the body and protect internal organs

During pregnancy and delivery, a hormone called relaxin is secreted to "relax" (soften) the pelvic ligaments and cervix. What pelvic girdle region would be a good target for this hormone to help open up the anterior pelvis during the birthing process? sacrum ilium pubis ischium

pubis

Which of the following movements does NOT increase or decrease the angle between bones? abduction extension circumduction rotation

rotation

Which factor is likely to most likely to protect against shoulder dislocation? rotator cuff muscles glenohumeral ligaments glenoid labrum biceps brachii

rotator cuff muscles

Flexion and extension are usually movements in the ________ plane(s) of the body. frontal, sagittal, and transverse sagittal transverse frontal

sagittal

Why it is easier for a fall or blow to cause a dislocated shoulder injury than for a comparable fall or blow to cause a dislocated hip injury? shallower joint socket lower center of gravity less articular cartilage relative joint location

shallower joint socket

Which joint has most notably sacrificed stability to provide great freedom of movement? shoulder knee ankle elbow

shoulder

The prefix ____ means above, higher than, or dorsal.

supra-

The hole above the eye orbit is the ____.

supraorbital foramen

Fibrous joints are classified as ________. symphysis, sacroiliac, and articular hinge, saddle, and ellipsoidal sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses pivot, hinge, and ball and socket

sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses

The prefix ___ means with, together, or like.

syn-

An immovable joint held together with hyaline cartilage is categorized as a(n) ___ joint.

synchondrosis

Which of the following represents a structural classification for joints that are separated by a joint cavity? synovial cartilaginous diarthrosis fibrous

synovial

What factor does not contribute to the strength and stability of a synovial joint? muscle tone the arrangement of ligaments synovial fluid the shape of the articular surfaces

synovial fluid

When standing normally, most of your weight is transmitted to the ground by the __________.

talus and calcaneus

Which of the following muscles assists during extension of the glenohumeral joint, but is not as a prime mover? biceps brachii deltoid teres major latissimus dorsi

teres major

Which of the following bones does NOT fit with the other listed bones? the sphenoid the frontal bone the occipital bone the maxilla

the maxilla

Which bone or pair of bones forms the most superior portion of the cranium? the parietal bones the occipital bone the temporal bones the frontal bone

the parietal bones

Which ligament of the knee initiates the knee-jerk reflex when tapped? the medial patellar retinacula the lateral patellar retinacula the extracapsular ligament the patellar ligament

the patellar ligament

The sphenoid bone is sometimes referred to as a "key stone" of the skull. This is due to the fact that ________. -the sphenoid is wedged in the superior most portion of the skull and supports all of the other bones below (excluding the mandible) -the intricate shape of the sphenoid makes it critical to the distinct characteristics of the individual human face -the sphenoid is in the center of the skull and it articulates (joins) with all of the other bones of the skull (excluding the mandible) -the sphenoid bone is solid like a stone and provides the strength necessary to support the skull

the sphenoid is in the center of the skull and it articulates (joins) with all of the other bones of the skull (excluding the mandible)

During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), it is important to place the compression hands over the sternal body but not over the xiphoid process so that _________. -only the sternal body is compressed while the other two regions of the sternum are not moved at all during the procedure -there is little risk of physically damaging the heart -the xiphoid process can continue protecting the underlying stomach -the xiphoid process is permitted to help the lungs inflate with air

there is little risk of physically damaging the heart

Football players often sustain lateral blows to the extended knee. Which of the following is (are) damaged as a result? -oblique popliteal and extracapsular ligaments -suprapatellar ligament -tibial collateral ligament, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate ligament -arcuate popliteal and the posterior cruciate ligaments

tibial collateral ligament, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate ligament

What are the major functions of the intervertebral discs? -to prevent hyperextension and allow rotation of the spine -to remove curvatures of the spine and provide springiness to the spinal column -to absorb shock and provide flexibility to the spine -to hold together the vertebra and support the body

to absorb shock and provide flexibility to the spine

The olecranon would be found on the __________.

ulna

Baseball pitchers often require "Tommy John" surgery to repair damage to their elbow. Which ligament would this surgery target? anular ligament ulnar collateral ligament acetabular labrum lateral ligament

ulnar collateral ligament

The elbow is an example of a ___ joint, which functions in one plane.

uniaxial

What are menisci (articular discs)? -small sacs containing synovial fluid -tendon sheaths -cavities lined with cartilage -wedges of fibrocartilage that partially or completely divide the synovial cavity

wedges of fibrocartilage that partially or completely divide the synovial cavity


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