Anatomy Final Test 1 Review
organize the following structural levels of the human body from simplest to most complexL 1. cell 2. tissue 3. chemical 4. organ system 5. organ
3,1,2,5,4
al of the synthesis reaction sin the body are called
anabolism
haversian systems or osteons
are the basic units in compact bone tissue
the first cervical vertebrae is the
atlas
a researcher discovered a new hormone that raises blood calcium levels. According to the principles of negative feedback, the hormone would be secreted when
blood calcium levels decrease
collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of
bone matrix
ligaments attach
bone to bone
the thumb and big toe are similar in that
both have two rather than three phalanges
what type of muscle is fond in the wall of the heart?
cardiac
chondroblasts produce
cartilage matrix
the ? region f the vertebral column is located in the neck
cervical
Anaphase
chromosomes migrate to opposite poles of cell
a general characteristic of connective tissue is that is
consists of cells with much intercellular matrix between them
spongy bone tissue
contains interconnecting plates called trabeculae
muscle tissue is characterized by its
contractibility
cutting off your nose would be a section of what plane
coronal
articular cartilage
covers the ends of bones in synovial joints
synovial fluid
decreases friction between bones
enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions by
decreasing the activation energy
connective tissue in tendons is
dense regular collagenous tissue
An X-ray determines that Peter fractures the shaft of his humerus. The break is in the ? of the bone
diaphysis
which of the following sets of directional terms are most appropriately referred to as opposites?
distal and proximal
cations and anions that dissociate in water are sometimes called
electrolytes, because they conduct an electrical current
covalent bonds form when
electrons are shared
ossification that involves replacing cartilage with bone is
endochondral
what is the site of long bone growth
epiphyseal plate
what is the end of a long bone?
epiphysis
which skull canal conveys sound waves to eardrum?
external auditory canal
which of the following is not a coxal bone? a. ischium b. ilium c. femur d. pubic
femur
the opposite of extension is
flexion
intramembranous ossification
forms the bones of the roof of the skull
adipose tissue
functions as an insulator and site of energy storage
woven bone
has its collagen fibers randomly oriented
The study of tissues is
histology
the site where spinal nerves exit the vertebral column is the
intervertebral foramen
the opposite of eversion is
inversion
a person with a fractured mandible has a broken
jaw
the thumb is ? to the firth digit
lateral
some marrow of long bones is termed "red" marrow. the function of red marrow is to
manufacture blood cells
which of the following is not a carpal?
navicular
what type of tissue contains cells called neurons>
nervous tissue
a person who gets hit on the back of the head might suffer injury to which of these bones?
occipital
in the process of diffusion, net movement of substances is always from a region
of higher concentration to lower concentration
what type of cells break down bone tissue?
osteoclast
The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the
osteocyte
which type of bone cells lie in lacunae?
osteocytes
osteoclast activity is increased by
parathyroid hormone
which of the following is correctly matched?
patella-bone within tendon of quadriceps
The covering of the outer surface of bone is the
periosteum
chromatin condenses and nucleoli disappear during the ? of mitosis
prophase
which of the following matrix molecules in cartilage tends to trap large quantities of water?
proteoglycan
If you break the lateral bone of your forearm, you may have fractured your
radius
what organelles are the sites of protein synthesis?
ribosomes
which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
ribs
an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is
scoliosis
ATP
serves as the energy currency of the cell
which of the following is correctly matched?
short bone-carpal bone
what type of epithelial tissue is found in stomach?
simple columnar epithelium
movement of food through digestive tract results from the action of
smooth muscle
The foramen magnum is a large opening in the base of the skull for the
spinal cord
The epidermis of the skin is composed of
stratified squamous epithelium
which of the following describes position of nose?
superior to mouth
most of the joints in the appendicular skeleton are ? joints
synovial
transcription
synthesizes RNA from DNA
the tarsal bone that articulates with the tibia and fibula is the
talus
homeostasis is defined as
the maintenance of a relatively constant environment within the body
the coccyx is
the most inferior portion of the vertebral column
the various types of epithelium are classified by
the shape of cells and number of layers
the ribs articulate with the ? vertebrae
thoracic
which of the following statements is true?
thoracic vertebrae have long, thin spinous processes
The type of cell connection that serves as a permeability barrier is a
tight junction
what type of epithelial tissue is found in the urinary bladder?
transitional epithelium
a symporter will transport ? across the cell membrance
two different molecules in same direction
the sagittal suture is located between the
two parietal bones
cartilagenous joints
unite tow bones by means of fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage
which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in RNA but not DNA?
uracil
what chemical ingested by the body is necessary for calcium absorption from the intestines?
vitamin D
which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?
when blood calcium levels are too low, osteoclast activity increases
