Anatomy Midterm Review

What tendons make up the anatomical snuff box?

-Abductor pollicis longus -Extensor pollicis brevis -Extensor pollicis longus

What is/are the function(s) of the intervertebral discs as a unit?

-Absorb and transmit shock -Restrain excessive motion (A & B)

Which muscle originates on the coracoid process of the scapula?

-Coracobrachialis -Short head of biceps brachii

There are how many cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae (in order)

7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar

Which of the following statements accurately describes the origin of the long and short heads of the biceps brachii?

The long head originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, and the short head originates from the coracoid process of the scapula.

All of the following are actions of the lumbricals except

Abducting the MCP joints.

What is the role of the anterior deltoid during shoulder flexion?

Agonist

What muscle runs from the outer clavicle, top of the acromion, and scapular spine to the midpoint of the humerus on the lateral aspect?

Deltoid

In anatomical position, the fingers are ____________ to the elbow

Distal

The pronator muscles turn the palm _____, whereas the supinator muscle turns the palm _____.

Down, up

The outermost layer of the meninges of the spinal cord is called?

Dura Mater

What is the origin of the upper trapezius?

Occipital bone and nuchal ligament

What is the origin of the upper trapezius?

Outer one third of the clavicle and acromion process

Which of the following muscle(s) is (are) categorized as superficial flexor(s) of the hand?

Palmaris longus

Which muscle does NOT attach to the coracoid process of the scapula?

Pectoralis major

What muscle attaches from ribs three to five to the coracoid process of the scapula?

Pectoralis minor

What muscle(s) attach on the coracoid process?

Pectoralis minor

Which is NOT a function of the spinal column?

Protects the internal organs

In anatomical position, the elbow is __________ to the fingers.

Proximal

All of the following are muscles of the rotator cuff except

Teres major

Which muscle is innervated by the axillary nerve?

The deltoid

All of the following muscles originate from the scapula except

The latissimus dorsi.

All of the following statements accurately identify the origin of a head of the triceps brachii except

The long head originates from the posterior surface of the humerus, below the groove for the radial nerve.

All of the following muscles are located entirely within the hand except

extensor pollicis brevis

All of the following parts of the scapula attach to the rotator cuff muscles except?

Coracoid Process

Which muscle helps you to make a full fist flexing digits 2-5 at the DIP's?

Flexor digitorum profundus

If you and your friends were discussing the muscles that flex and extend different body parts, and they asked you which muscle allows you to point at something of interest, which muscle would you indicate?

Extensor indicis

Which movement accompanies upward rotation and protraction of the shoulder girdle?

Flexion

Which muscle flexes and adducts the wrist?

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Which muscle inserts onto the Pisiform, hook of the hamate, and base of the 5th metacarpal?

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Which muscle is a deep flexor of the hand?

Flexor pollicis longus

_______________fibrous ring that surrounds the rim of the glenoid fossa to deepen the articular cavity.

Glenoid labrum

_____________ is a large projection lateral to head and lesser tubercle; provides attachment for the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscle

Greater tubercle of humerus

Which muscle(s) perform(s) shoulder horizontal abduction? (Choose the best answer.)

-Latissimus dorsi -Teres Major (A & C)

Most shoulder dislocations occur where?

Anterior

The flexors of the hand are located on the _____ part of the forearm, whereas the extensors of the hand are located on the _____ part of the forearm.

Anterior, posterior

What is the function of the costal facets of the thoracic vertebrae?

Attach the thoracic vertebrae to the ribs

_____________provides attachment for the teres major and teres minor muscles

Axillary boarder of scapula

A dislocated shoulder injury could stretch this nerve and damage it resulting in weakened ability to abduct the shoulder:

Axillary nerve

What nerve innervates the deltoid muscle?

Axillary nerve

Which flexor muscle on the dorsum of the hand is innervated by the median and ulnar nerve?

Flexor digitorum profundus

What muscle(s) is (are) innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve?

Brachialis, coracobrachialis, biceps brachii

The term that means "toward the tail" is:

Caudal

The term that means "towards the head" is

Cephalad

Which of these divisions of the spinal cord is the most cephalad?

Cervical

Which of the following are paired and opposing muscle actions?

Elevation, depression

What characteristic of muscle refers to the ability to lengthen?

Extensibility

When discussing muscular attachments, what term refers to the most movable one?

Insertion

All of the following statements accurately describe the biceps brachii except

It extends the elbow

What is the action of the anconeus muscle?

It extends the elbow.

A11 of the following statements accurately describe the extensor digitorum muscle except

It inserts into the dorsal digital expansion of the proximal phalanx of digit 5

All of the following statements accurately describe the deltoid muscle except

It is a rotator cuff muscle.

All of the following statements are true of the latissimus dorsi muscle except

It laterally rotates and flexes the arm.

Which muscle inserts on the intertubercular groove of the humerus?

Latissimus Dorsi

What muscle has its origin on the thoracolumbar/dorsolumbar fascia?

Latissimus dorsi

Which muscle performs shoulder extension, adduction, and medial rotation?

Latissimus dorsi

What is the bony landmark for the distal attachment of the subscapularis?

Lesser tubercle of the humerus

What muscles perform scapular elevation?

Levator scapula and upper trapezius

Which muscle originates on the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Long head of biceps brachii

What is the innervation and action of the serratus anterior?

Long thoracic; protraction, upward scapular rotation

In anatomical terminology the opposite of lateral is

Medial

Damage to this nerve results in weakness in flexing the wrist, flexion of digits 1-3 when asked to make a fist weakening the function of the thenar muscles:

Median nerve

What nerve innervates the flexor digitorum superficialis?

Median nerve

What are the greatest motions in the thoracic spine?

Mostly rotation and lateral flexion

Since the scapula is a _____ bone, it must be _____ in order for the arm to be able to move.

Moveable, stabilized

Which nerve innervates the coracobrachialis?

Musculocutaneous

What nerve can be injured from a fracture of the mid-humerus, especially in spiral fractures?

Radial nerve

Which nerve injury can cause wrist drop and numbness on the dorsum of the hand?

Radial nerve

In elbow flexion, the biceps brachii pulls the _____ upward toward the humerus.

Radius

Which of the following is NOT a component of the shoulder complex?

Radius

What muscle(s) attach(es) from the spinous process of C7-T5 to the vertebral border of the scapula?

Rhomboids

What muscle(s) is (are) innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?

Rhomboids

The __________________ plane divides the body into left and right sides

Sagittal

The motion of standing on tiptoe uses a _____ lever system.

Second-class

Which muscle(s) is (are) the primary mover(s) for scapular abduction?

Serratus anterior

Which muscle(s) perform(s) rib elevation?

Serratus posterior superior

____________is one of the most movable joints in the body and, consequently, one of the least stable

Shoulder joint

What is the function of the infraspinatus?

Shoulder lateral rotation

Which of the following muscles is involved in neck flexion?

Sternocleidomastoid

In anatomical position, skin is __________ to bone.

Superficial

Where does the levator scapula attach on the scapula? Choose the BEST answer. [Need to give answer]

Superior angle

A spiral muscle that curls around the proximal portion of the radius, on the posterior portion of the forearm with the brachioradialis, superficial and deep forearm extensors performing supination of the forearm by rotating the radius laterally:

Supinator

Which of the following muscles is considered to be a prime mover of the arm?

The pectoralis major

All of the following statements accurately describe the pronator teres and pronator quadratus muscles except

The pronator teres pronates the hand, whereas the pronator quadratus pronates and flexes the forearm.

All of the following muscles flex the elbow except

The triceps brachii.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the superficial flexors?

They all have an origin point on the medial epicondyle of the humerus.

Which of the following statements accurately describes a characteristic of all elbow flexors?

They are located on the anterior side of the humerus.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the hypothenar muscles?

They move the little finger (digit 5).

What nerve innervates the Latissimus dorsi muscle?

Thoracodorsal nerve

Pollicis refers to the

Thumb (digit 1)

Which muscle(s) work synergistically to retract the scapula?

Trapezius

In elbow extension, the _____ is the agonist and the _____ is the antagonist.

Triceps brachii, biceps brachii

Damage to this nerve results in weakness in flexion of the wrist, 4th and 5th digits and with hyperextension of the MCP joints known as "claw hand" with atrophy of the hypothenar eminence:

Ulnar nerve

What is the opening in a vertebra for the spinal cord called?

Vertebral foramen