AP Psych Chapter Six

If the just noticeable difference for a 10 ounce weight is 1 ounce, the just noticeable difference for an 80 ounce weight would be _______ ounces. a. 1 b. 2 c. 8

8

Sensation is to ________ as perception is to ________. a. encoding, detection b. detection, interpretation c. threshold, transduction

detection, interpretation

The ability to simultaneously process the pitch, loudness, melody, and meaning of a song best illustrates: a. accommodation b. kinesthesis c. parallel processing

parallel processing

The Moon illusion can best be explained in terms of the relationship between: a. relative clarity and relative height b. perceived distance and perceived size c. proximity and closure

perceived distance and perceived size

Damage to the temporal lobe region of the brain essential for facial recognition produces a loss of: a. perception b. signal detection c. transduction

Perception

The impact of experience on perception is most clearly illustrated by: a. visual capture b. retinal disparity c. perceptual adaptaion

Perceptual adaptation

The perception of a humanlike face in the random configurations of the lunar landscape best illustrates the impact of ________ on visual perception: a. relative clarity b. perceptual schemas c. visual capture

Perceptual schemas

The tendency to perceive a moving light in the night sky as belonging to an airplane rather than a satellite best illustrates the impact of: a. visual capture b. relative clarity c. perceptual set

perceptual set

The volley principle is most directly relevant to our perception of: a. temperature b. colour c. pitch

pitch

John Locke would have suggested that a perceptual set results from: a. prior experience b. visual capture c. natural selection

prior experience

Renny knew the red tulip was closer to her than the yellow tulip because the red one cast a larger retinal image than the yellow one. This illustrates the importance of the distance cue known as: a. relative size b. interpostion c. proximity

relative size

Which of the following play the biggest role in our feeling dizzy and unbalanced after a thrilling roller coaster ride? a. olfactory receptors b. feature detectors c. semicircular canals

semicircular canals

An exhausted forest ranger may notice the faintest scent of a forest fire, whereas much stronger but less important odors fail to catch her attention. This fact would be of greatest relevance to: a. opponent-process theory b. signal detection theory c. signal detection theory

signal detection theory

Soothing musical audiotapes accompanied by faint and imperceptible verbal messages designed to increase a desire to lose weight best illustrate: a. synaesthesia b. sensory interaction c. subliminal stimulation

subliminal stimulation

Experiencing a green afterimage of a red object is most easily explained by: a. the opponent process theory b. the gate control theory c. place theory

the opponent process theory

The axons of ganglion cells converge to form: a. basilar membrane b. bipolar cells c. optic nerve

optic nerve

When informed that a brief imperceptible message would be flashed repeatedly during a popular TV program, many viewers reported feeling strangely hungry of thirsty during the show. Since the imperceptible message had nothing to do with hunger of thirst, viewers' strange reactions best illustrate: a. the McGurk effect b. sensory adaptaion c. a placebo effect

A placebo effect

The area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye is called the: a. blind spot b. pupil c. visual cotex

Blind spot

Certain stroke victims report seeing nothing when shown a series of sticks, yet they are able to correctly report whether the sticks are vertical or horizontal. This best illustrates: a. blindsight b. prosopagnosia c. serial processing

Blindsight

During a radio ad, listers are repeatedly asked, "What would life be like without Fletchers Ice cream?" At the end of the ad the same question is cleverly interrupted immediately after the word "without." At that point many listeners mentally respond with the words "Fletchers Ice Cream." Their response best illustrates the principle of: a. convergence b. closure c. proximity

Closure

The perceived lightness of an object depends on relative luminance. This provides an illustration of: a. visual capture b. relative clarity c. context effects

Context effects

Which of the following is a binocular cue for the perception of distance? a. interposition b. convergence c. closure

Convergence

Some people are better than others at detecting slight variations in the tastes of various blends of coffee. This best illustrates the importance of: a. Sensory adaptation b. Subliminal stimulation c. Difference thresholds

Difference thresholds

who emphasized that the whole may exceed the sum of its parts? a. parapsychologists b. behaviourists c. Gestalt psychologists

Gestalt psychologists

When most people stare at a red square and then shift their eyes to a white surface, the afterimage of the square is: a. yellow b. red c. green

Green

The steadily increasing size of the retinal image of an approaching object is especially important for perceiving the object's: a. shape b. relative clarity c. motion

Motion

It has been suggested that experience with the corners of buildings and the rectangular shapes of a carpentered world may contribute to: a. the Muller Lyer illusion b. size constancy c. visual capture

Muller Lyer illusion

damage to the basilar membrane is most likely to result in: a. nerve deafness b. loss of movement c. accommodation

Nerve deafness

A gestalt is best described as an: a. illusion b. binocular cue c. organized whole

Organized whole

After reading her horoscope in the morning newspaper, Sabrina readily interpreted numerous experiences of that day as clear verifications of its accuracy. This best illustrates the dangers of: a. visual capture b. perceptual set c. the cocktail party effect

Perceptual set

After a small section of his basilar membrane was damaged, Jason experienced a noticeable loss of hearing for high-pitched sounds only. Jason's hearing loss is best explained by the _______ theory. a. place b. opponent process c. frequency

Place

Bipolar cells are located in the: a. optic nerve b. retina c. blind spot

Retina

A 3D movie enhances one's sense of depth perception by simulating the effects of: a. interposition b. retinal disparity c. linear perspective

Retinal disparity

Holding two index fingers in front of the eyes can create the perception of a floating finger sausage. This best illustrates the effect of: a. convergence b. retinal disparity c. relative clarity

Retinal disparity

A concept that helps us to interpret ambiguous sensations is called a: a. gestalt b. schema c. stereogram

Schema

The cocktail party effect provides an example of: a. perceptual constancy b. perceptual set c. selective attention

Selective attention

After listening to your high-volume car stereo for 15 minutes, you fail to realize how loudly the music is blasting. This best illustrates: a. Weber's law b. Accommodation c. Sensory adaptation

Sensory adaptation

Although college textbooks frequently cast a trapezoidal image on the retina, students typically perceive the books as rectangular objects. This illustrates the importance of: a. size constancy b. linear perspective c. shape constancy

Shape constancy

Because the two teams wore different coloured uniforms, Cheri perceived the ten basketball players as two distinct groups. This best illustrates the principle of: a. colour constancy b. closure c. similarity

Similarity

Olfactory receptor cells are essential for our sense of a. kinesthesis b. smell c. touch

Smell

The perception that Bugs Bunny is hopping across a movie screen best illustrates: a. visual capture b. retinal disparity c. stroboscopic movement

Stroboscopic movement

The integration of information processed simultaneously by multiple neural networks can be detected as a pattern of: a. trichromatic feature detection b. parallel difference thresholds c. synchronized brain waves

Synchronized brain waves

One the day she is to be interviewed for an important new position, Rachel awakens with a severe toothache. During the interview she feels no pain; not until 30 minutes later does she become aware again of the troublesome toothache. Rachel's experience is best explained by: a. the opponent-process theory. b. weber's law c. the gate-control theory

The gate-control theory

As people grow older, they are most likely to need glasses because: a. the iris loses its ability to contract the pupil b. the blind spot increases in diameter c. the lens loses its ability to change shape readily

The lens loses its ability to change shape readily

The ability to detect whether your body is in a horizontal or vertical position depends most directly on: a. accommodation b. sensory adaptation c. the vestibular sense

The vestibular sense

Which of the following is true of psychics who have worked with police departments in an effort to solve difficult crimes: a. They have demonstrated the value of clairvoyance b. They have used telepathy to read the mind of the criminal c. They have reported visions that are no more accurate than guesses.

They have reported visions that are no more accurate than guesses

When there is a conflict between bits of information received by two or more senses, which sense tends to dominate the others? a. hearing b. vision c. smell

Vision

The perceptual tendency to fill in gaps in order to perceive disconnected parts as a whole object is called: a. interposition b. constancy c. closure

closure

In one experiment, most of the participants who viewed a videotape of men tossing a basketball remained unaware of an umbrella-toting woman sauntering across the screen. This illustrated: a. perceptual constancy b. inattentional blindness c. retinal disparity

inattentional blindness

Sound wave vibrations are transmitted by three tiny bones located in the: a. vestibular sacs b. semicircular canals c. middle ear

middle ear