APUSH Ch. 15

Which of the following is true of the Sand Creek massacre? *

A Cheyenne camp under federal protection was brutally attacked by a state militia.

Which constitutional amendment did the Supreme Court use in the 1870s to the 1890s to protect the rights of corporations—even though it had been written to protect individual rights?

Fourteenth

Briefly explain how ONE specific historical event or development from the period 1865 to 1898 that is not explicitly mentioned in the excerpts could be used to support Prucha's interpretation.

Grant's peace policy= Grant introduced a peace policy, based on recommendations from Christian advisors. He offered selected appointments to the reformers — including many former abolitionists — who had created such groups as the Indian Rights Association and the Women's National Indian Association.

As a result of the Dawes Severalty Act, Indian tribes

lost almost two-thirds of their land.

In the 1860s and 1870s, Nevada's Comstock Lode, Colorado's Rocky Mountains, and South Dakota's Black Hills were all known for

mining

The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 was intended to...

promote Indian assimilation by dividing their lands.

In Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock (1903), the Supreme Court

ruled that Congress could ignore all existing Indian treaties.

Why was it necessary for railroads and land speculators to promote settlement of the Great Plains in the late nineteenth century?

Americans thought of the area as the Great American Desert.

The policy goals endorsed by the Dawes Severalty Act would have been most strongly supported by advocates of

Assimilation.

Which of the following groups called themselves the Exodusters in 1879?

Blacks who migrated to Kansas

Briefly explain how ONE specific historical event or development from the period 1865 to 1898 that is not explicitly mentioned in the excerpts could be used to support Jacobs's interpretation.

Boarding schools were very harsh? Children's hair, a symbol of their identity, was cut off. They weren't allowed to speak their native languages or talk at all. Dawes Severalty Act= The 1887 law that gave Native Americans severalty (individual ownership of land) by dividing reservations into homesteads. The law was a disaster for Native peoples, resulting in over several decades in the loss of 66 percent of lands held by Indians at the time of the law's passage. Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock (1903)= A 1903 Supreme Court ruling that Congress could make whatever Indian policies it chose, ignoring all existing treaties. Ex Parte Crow Dog= the Court ruled that no Indian was a citizen unless Congress designated him so. Indians were henceforth wards of the government. Some women struck out on their own: a study of North Dakota found between 5 and 20 percent of homestead claims filed by single women, often working land adjacent to that of sisters, brothers, and parents. In 1870, due in part to organized pressure from Wells and other Mormon women, the Utah legislature granted full voting rights to women, becoming the second U.S. territory to do so (after Wyoming, in 1869).

How did the federal and state governments encourage railroad building in the nineteenth century?

Both granted public lands to private companies.

Which of the following events demonstrated the newfound international power of the United States in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War?

Britain's damage payments to the United States

The United States adopted the gold standard in the 1870s for its currency because

It hoped to encourage European investment in the United States.

Which of the following was one of the reasons that the United States encouraged Chinese immigration after the Civil War?

Many Chinese were useful railroad workers and farm laborers in the West.

John Wesley Powell, in his Report on the Lands of the Arid Regions of the United States (1878), famously stated that

Massive cooperation under government control was the only way farming would succeed on the Great Plains.

Which Indian tribe was pursued 1,100 miles and forced to surrender just south of the Canadian border in 1877?

Nez Perce

Who benefitted most from the General Mining Act of 1872, which allowed individuals who discovered minerals on federally owned land to work the claim and keep the proceeds?

Powerful investors

Which of the following statements describes women's experience in the West in the late nineteenth century?

Single women made up between 5 and 20 percent of homesteaders in North Dakota

The largest mass execution in American history took place as a result of

The Dakota uprising.

Why did the Ghost Dance movement spread so quickly on Native American reservations in the late 1880s and early 1890s?

The dance fostered Native peoples' hope that they could drive away white settlers.

Which of the following statements describes the historical significance of the Battle of Wounded Knee?

The massacre of the Lakotas there stands as an indictment of U.S. Indian policy and western expansionism.

Which Reconstruction-era politician created the blueprint for American economic expansion and later imperialism?

William Seward

In 1872, which of the following was established by Congress as the first national park?

Yellowstone