APUSH Chapter 18
Carry A Nation
created a sensation by raiding saloons and smashing barrels of beer with a hatchet
feminism
this term was first used by women in the second decade of the 20th century who made cases for full female freedom and equality
Mann Act of 1910
made transportation of women across state lines for immoral purposes illegal (prostitution)
Frederick Law Olmsted
the principle designer of the first landscaped public park which was built in NYC (Central Park)
Americanization
the process of acquiring American traits and characteristics
Mark Twain
-Samuel Clemens -the first great realist author -wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
WEB DuBois
-used statistical methods to study crime in urban neighborhoods -the first African American to receive a doctorate from Harvard -the leading black intellectual of the era -advocated for equality for blacks, integrated schools, and equal access to higher education for the "talented tenth" of African Americans
Vamps
-women whose irresistible sexual cahrm led men to ruin; thrived on the blood and death of men -the first clue that Americans more were beginning to experiment with open expressions of sexuality
Israel Zangwill
-wrote the play The Melting Pot and believed that all immigrants could become successful Americans through assimilation
Cardinal Gibbons
Catholic leader who inspired the devoted support of old and new immigrants by defending the Knights of Labor and the cause of organized labor
political parties in major cities were placed under the control of corrupt party machines such as Tammany Hall. For example, Tammany Hall embezzled millions.
Describe the rise of corrupt party machines and organized crime in urban America.
poverty of displaced farmworkers; overcrowding and joblessness; religious persecution; America's reputation
Identify causes of immigration.
Dwight Moody
a Protestant evangelist who founded the Moody Bible Institute in Chicago in 1889 -this would help generations of urban evangelists to adapt traditional Christianity to city life
Clarence Darrow
a famous lawyer that argued that criminal behavior could be caused by a person's environment of poverty, neglect, and abuse
Ellis Island
a federal immigration station located on a small island in New York Harbor that nearly 12 million immigrants passed through to be processed
Heterodoxy
a feminist Greenwich Village group lead by Crystal Eastman that wanted to change the world so women could be human beings instead of being defined by their gender
Jack London
a naturalist writer who wrote Call of the Wild
Stephen Crane
a naturalist writer who wrote Red Badge of Courage and Maggie A Girl of the Streets
Thomas Eakins
a painter known for his surgical scenes and working class people
Winslow Homer
a painter known for seascapes
Organic architecture
a type of architecture that showed harmony with natural surroundings
Walter Rauschenbusch
became the leading voice in the Social Gospel movement
Cosmopolitiansim
belief that people from all kinds of groups, both immigrant and native born, both to preserve their own cultures and partake of other -generated anxiety in larges stretches of American especially in farming communities
Henry Hobson Richardson
an architect who changed the direction of American architecture and moved from Greek/Roman to medieval Romanesque style
Chinese Exclusion Act 1882
barred Chinese immigration for 10 years
Melting Pot
describes America and how immigrant groups quickly shed old-world characteristics in order to become successful citizens of their adopted country (Americanization and assimilation)
Horace Kallen
developed the doctrine of cultural pluralism along with Alain Locke
Alian Locke
developed the doctrine of cultural pluralism along with Horace Kallen
Oliver Wendell Holmes
he argued that the law should evolve with the times in response to changing needs and not remain restricted by legal precedents and judicial decisions of the past
Richard T Ely
he attended Johns Hopkins and attacked laisez-faire economic thought as dogmatic and outdated and used economics to study labor unions, trusts, and other existing economic institutions not only to understand them but also to suggest remedies for economic problems of the day
Lester Frank Ward
he believed that humans were different than animals -his ideas became known as Reform Darwinism
Henry George
he wrote Progress and Poverty which called attention to inequalities in wealth caused by industrialism
Theodore Dreiser
he wrote Sister Carrie, a naturalist book that caused a sensation and shocked the moral sensibilities of the time
new immigration
immigrants from Eastern Europe between 1890-1914 -considered inferior
old immigration
immigrants from Western Europe before the 1890s
Francis Willard
leader of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union
naturalism
lilterature that focused on how emotions and experience shaped human experience
Gentlemen's Agreement
limit on Japanese immigration if segregation was lifted
realism
literature of the post-Civil War years that were romantic and focused on depicted ideal heroes and heroines
Political machines
organized groups that controlled political parties in major cities
"Oriental School"
racially segregated schools that all Asian kids were forced to go to -led to an international incident and made Japan angry
Jane Addams
she founded Hull house which helped poor immigrants in Chicago
Susan B Anthony
she founded the National American Suffrage Association
William "Boss" Tweed
the head of Tammany Hall
Crystal Eastman
the leader of the Greenwich Village group called Heterodoxy -she wanted to change the world so that women could be human beings instead of being defined by their gender
Frank Lloyd Wright
the most famous American architect of the 20th century -developed an "organic" style
Tammany Hall
the most powerful and corrupt Democratic machine that ran NYC and embezzled millions
Triangle Shirtwaist Company
where 146 workers were killed in a fire (mostly young immigrant females)
Social Gospel
worked to better conditions in the city according to the biblical ideals of charity and justice -linked Christianity with the Progressive reform movement and encouraged many middle-class Protestants to attack urban problems
Randolph Bourne
wrote "TransNational America" and believed tha immigrants should not give up their culture and that they should be given the opportunity to shape America. introduced cosmopolitanism
Edward Ballamy
wrote Looking Backward which envisioned a future in which a cooperative society eliminated poverty, greed, and crime