APUSH Chapter 5 Identification and Cause and Effect
Pennsylvania Dutch
Corruption of a German word used as a term for German immigrants in Pennsylvania.
smallpox
Dreaded disease that afflicted one out of every five colonial Americans, including George Washington.
Cause: Dry over intellectualism and loss of religious commitment.
Effect: Created the conditions for the Great Awakening to erupt in the early eighteenth century.
Cause: The lack of artistic concerns, cultural tradition, and leisure in the colonies.
Effect: Forced the migration of colonial artists to Britain to study and pursue artistic careers.
Cause: The large profits made by merchants as military suppliers for imperial wars.
Effect: Increased the wealth of the eighteenth-century colonial elite.
Cause: The high natural fertility of the colonial population.
Effect: Led to the increase of American population to one-third of England's in 1775.
Cause: The Zenger case.
Effect: Marked the beginnings of freedom of printed political expression in the colonies.
Cause: The appointment of unpopular or incompetent royal governors to colonies.
Effect: Prompted colonial assemblies to withhold royal governors' salaries.
Cause: Upper-class fear of democratic excesses by poor whites.
Effect: Reinforced colonial property qualifications for voting.
Cause: The heavy immigration of Germans, Scots-Irish, Africans, and others into colonies.
Effect: Resulted in the development of a colonial melting pot, only one-half by 1775.
Cause: The Great Awakening.
Effect: Stimulated a fervent, emotional style of religion, denominational divisions, and a greater sense of an American identity.
Cause: American merchants' search for non-British markets.
Effect: Was met by British attempts to restrict colonial trade, such as the Molasses Act.
Scots-Irish
Ethnic group that had already relocated once before immigrating to America and settling largely on the western frontier of the middle and southern colonies.
Poor Richards Almanac
Franklin's highly popular collection of information, parables and advice.
fishing
Lucrative profession, especially prevalent in New England, that marketed its product to the Catholic nations of southern Europe.
New lights
Ministers who supported the Great Awakening against the old light clergy who rejected it.
taverns
Popular colonial centers of recreation, gossip, and political debate.
Jayle birds
Popular term for convicted criminals dumped on colonies by British authorities.
Regulator movement
Rebellious movement of North Carolina frontiersmen against eastern domination that included future President Andrew Jackson.
triangular trade
Small but profitable trade route that linked New England, Africa, and the West Indies.
The Great Awakening
Spectacular, emotional religious revival of the 1730's and 1740's.
established
Term for tax-supported condition of Congregational and Anglican churches, but not of Baptists, Quakers, and Roman Catholics.
Zenger Trial
The case that established the precedent that true statements about public officials could not be prosecuted as libel.
University of Pennsylvania
The first American college not to be sponsored by a religious denomination strongly supported by Benjamin Franklin.
lawyers
Unfavorably viewed profession that was once classed in the same category as drunkards and brothel owners.