Art Ch.4

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

Which types of materials are suitable in the construction of load-bearing architecture?

- Brick - Adobe - Ice blocks - Stone

Which descriptions apply to carving?

- It is more direct than casting. - It is a subtractive process. - It is more aggressive than modeling.

Which architectural elements are characteristic of Gothic style?

- Large stained glass windows - Flying buttresses - Pointed arches

Which of the following are examples of nomadic dwellings involving fabric architecture?

- Tents - Yurts

Which characteristics best describe synthetic resin as a sculptural material?

- The appearance of more traditional sculptural material can be easily mimicked. - A wide range of colored pigments in can be added to incorporate color.

What is the formal pose of Menkaure and Khamerenebty meant to convey?

- The power of the rulers - Their status as "junior gods" - Their eternal existence

What are the principal materials used for carving?

- Wood - Stone

By what is the weight of a suspension bridge primarily supported?

A series of steel cables

What is one advantage of reinforced-concrete construction?

An ability to be molded into nearly any shape or form

What was the 19th-century movement that promoted the handmade object and held exhibitions of pottery, textiles, and woodworking?

Arts and Crafts movement

What metal is most frequently used in the casting process?

Bronze

What is CAD/CAM?

Computer-aided design and manufacturing

Which features of this work rely on rows of stones that extend over each other until the opening is bridged?

Corbelled domes

What did the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London do?

Established the success of cast-iron as a building material

Which architect used digital design and fabrication to create works such as the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao?

Frank Gehry

______ _______ are relatively lightweight, amazingly strong, and built with prefabricated modules, all of which allows for quick and inexpensive construction.

Geodesic Domes

Which metals may be forged cold?

Gold

Who was the most prominent advocate for the Arts and Crafts movement in the United States?

Gustav Stickley

Which is NOT an advantage of balloon-frame construction?

It can be built to conceivably infinite heights.

What does the use of the bracket set and the stepped truss system do in Eastern architecture?

It distributes the weight of the roof evenly across a series of columns.

What can be inferred about modern architecture due to the advent of new technologies and materials?

It is better equipped to respond to community and environmental needs

Which was an innovation of the ancient Egyptian Chair of Hetepheres?

It was portable with armrests.

Why does much ancient art that remains in the 21st century exist as terra cotta?

It was surprisingly durable.

Which material is derived from the teeth of large mammals?

Ivory

Our sense of community is strengthened by having access to what area?

Public spaces

What set includes common community buildings?

Schools, courthouses, libraries, and hospitals

Which is NOT a basic architectural structural system?

Stacking

Taking a block of marble and carving a human figure out of it is considered to be what kind of sculptural process?

Subtractive

What does the keystone do?

Supports the downward and outward thrust of the rounded arch

What is the ability for a building material to withstand stretching known as?

Tensile strength

What is a drawback of load-bearing construction?

The inability to insert large openings, such as windows, in the walls

To what is green architecture largely a response?

The unsustainable cost of industrialization

In lost-wax casting, what is the purpose of the metal pins placed into the clay core?

They hold the core in place after the wax melts.

What is the purpose of green architecture?

To create a healthier and less wasteful human habitat

What is the significance of the portico?

To trick visitors into thinking they were visiting a post-and-lintel temple

The use of found objects as a sculptural material is an example of what type of sculptural technique?

assembling

What type of skeleton-and-skin construction method is this?

balloon frame

Suspension techniques are most closely associated with the construction of

bridges

During the mid-19th century the experimental use of ______ as a building material allowed for breakthroughs in the development of the skeleton-and-skin structural system.

cast-iron

Which sculpting method includes using a specifically shaped container into which the liquid is poured and then allowed to cool and harden?

casting

What is the most common sculptural material used for modeling?

clay

A work of art that is made for a specific place using natural materials found there is called a(n) ______.

earthwork

When a metal is shaped through hammer blows, it is called ______.

forging

Which substance is made from silica, or sand, which can be heated, shaped, cooled, and reheated?

glass

This architectural work represents the elements of ______ architecture.

gothic

What type of sculpture is this?

high relief

What culture is most closely associated with the use of corbelled architectural elements?

indian

When glass is heated, it becomes ______ , or melted.

molten

A circular opening at the top of a dome is called the ______.

oculus

A hard white translucent ceramic made of white clay is called ______.

porcelain

Lacquer is made from tree

sap

Reinforced-concrete construction is most similar to the ______ structural system.

shell

Used in building skyscrapers, ______ construction uses a metal cage to support a decorative exterior of another material such as glass, masonry, or stone.

steel-frame

What era of peoples first made use of fabric architecture?

stone age

What technological advancement of the 1980s influenced digital design and manufacturing?

the personal computer

What is the fastest method of creating a hollow, rounded form in clay?

A potter's wheel

Which form of fiber art involves placing two sets of parallel fibers at right angles and interlacing one set with the other?

weaving

Which are methods used in carving?

- Cutting - Chipping - Gouging

Based on the ancient Egyptian convention of depicting human form, how are the pharaoh Menkaure and Khamerenebty portrayed?

- Facing straight forward, with the pharaoh's arms arms stiff at his sides - With idealized facial features and bodies

Which are considered to be vegetable fibers?

- Flax - Cotton - Raffia

Which innovations made balloon-frame construction practical?

- Mass-produced nails - Improved milling lumber techniques

Because ______ is renewable, available, and easily carved, almost all civilizations, old and new, have made objects from it.

wood

Which are characteristics of earthworks?

- They enter into the natural world and participate in its changes. - They were originally conceived of as a way to make art that could not be bought and sold. - The element of time is central to earthworks.

What are the two most common materials use in post-and-lintel constriction?

- Wood - Stone

For what reasons can we assume that only a small fraction of the wooden objects created over time still survive?

- Wood is an organic material. - Wood is susceptible to water. - Wood is susceptible to fire. - Wood is susceptible to insects.

What is assemblage?

The art of bringing together individual objects to form a sculpture


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