Art Quizes

The leading figure of the Realist movement and author of the work, The Stone Breakers was _______. a. Courbet b. Monet c. David d. Rubens

a. Courbet

The influence of _______ is evident in the heroic figures and foreshortened anatomy visible in another work by this artist, The Elevation of the Cross. a. Michelangelo b. Leonardo c. Bernini d. Borromini

a. Michelangelo

Identify the author of the work, Henry IV receiving the portrait of Marie de Medici. a. Rubens b. Bernini c. Caravaggio d. Brunelleschi

a. Rubens

How does Anthony Van Dyck's Charles I at the Hunt convey the king's powerful status? a. Through a naturalistic portrait, in which Charles's surroundings appear submissive. b. Through an idealized portrait, where Charles appears dressed as a godlike force. c. Through a narrative image that shows Charles engaged in hunting wild beasts. d. None of the above.

a. Through a naturalistic portrait, in which Charles's surroundings appear submissive.

One critic seized upon the title of this work to dub the entire first independent exhibition of a group of young artists, including Monet, Renoir, Degas, Pissarro, among others. This critic was ridiculing the fast, short, open brushstrokes, and the unfinished look of some of the paintings. a. True b. False

a. True

The Enlightenment was _________ . a. a major force of political, social, and economic change in the 18th century b. a religious doctrine that emerged in late 17th-century Spain and spread into Northern Europe c. a cultural movement that originated in Italy as a response to the Protestantism d. an artistic style that developed as opposed to the Mannerism

a. a major force of political, social, and economic change in the 18th century

The use of _______ in the painting, The Stone Breakers further conveyed the dismal nature of manual labor? a. a palette of dirty browns and grays b. soft pastels for the stones c. swirling, diagonal lines d. bright colors to highlight the labor

a. a palette of dirty browns and grays

What device had artists used since the 17th century to project images on a screen inside a box or the wall of a room as an aid in their observation and drawing from nature? a. etching b. camera obscura c. collage d. automatism

b. Camera obscura

Along with Turner, John Constable was the most prominent figure of landscape painting in early 19th-century England. His superb landscapes were small paintings, completely executed outdoors, that captured accurately the weather conditions and celebrated the increasing industrialization of England and its positive economic effects for the population. a. True b. False

b. False

Due to the growing number of works rejected from the Paris Salon in the 1860s, including this one, the ruler of France Napoleon III established the Salon des Refusés or "Salon of the Impressionists", to show the paintings not accepted for exhibition in the official Salon. a. True b. False

b. False

French Enlightenment philosopher Denis Diderot admired the work of Fragonard and Watteau and felt that art's function was to "capture the sophistication and merriment of the elegant aristocracy." a. True b. False

b. False

Le Déjeuner sur l ́Herbe was based on the artist ́s study of Italian Renaissance sources, such as Raphael ́s The Judgment of Paris and Titian ́s Pastoral Symphony. As in these paintings, Le Déjeuner sur l ́Herbe is populated by anonymous idealized figures in an idyllic setting. a. True b. False

b. False

These portraits, filled with many individuals charged with the military protection of a Dutch city, were commissioned and paid for by the Dutch monarchs as a sign of gratitude for their service. a. True b. False

b. False

This English artist had an illustrious career in London, became court portraitist to King Charles I and initiated a national school of painting ending with the British tradition of importing painters from the Continent. a. True b. False

b. False

In what way was the work, The Stone Breakers an explicit socio-political statement? a. Its author refused to exhibit it in the official Salon. b. He elevated his lower-class subject to the heroic status afforded to traditional history painting. c. He embraced academic conventions and idealized the subjects and their work. d. None of the above.

b. He elevated his lower-class subject to the heroic status afforded to traditional history painting.

Who sculpted this portrait and who is the sitter? a. Houdon & Thomas Jefferson b. Houdon & George Washington c. Bernini & Pope Urban VIII d. David & King George III

b. Houdon & George Washington

Along with Courbet and Millet, French artist Daumier also emphasized themes of social critique in his paintings and prints. What new printing technique did he exploit to create cheaper illustrations that filled journals and newspapers and contributed widely to promote the work of 19th-century artists? a. Engraving b. Lithography c. Etching d. Fresco

b. Lithography

Described as awe mixed with terror, the concept of ______ , initially developed by philosopher Edmund Burke, influenced immensely this artistic period and was captured in landscape paintings by English artist J.M.W. Turner. a. Orientalism b. the sublime c. Realism d. avant-garde

b. The sublime

What other type of photographic process was invented by English Henry Talbot while Daguerre announced his new technology? a. camera obscura b. calotype c. collage d. lithography

b. calotype

The work of other contemporary artists, such as Fragonard's The Swing, suggest the _______. a. strong spirituality and Catholic religious practices of the French aristocracy b. the interests of their patrons in themes of sensual playfulness c. intellectual pursuits of his English aristocratic clientele d. scientific curiosity and technological progress of the early 18th century

b. the interests of their patrons in themes of sensual playfulness

Although artists in different countries developed their own approach to Realism, what common interest united them? a. A preference for historical and mythological subjects. b. Their political affiliation and activist role in revolutions. c. A desire to present the realities of modern life and portray with dignity the working poor. d. A common interest in capturing heroic episodes of Christian sacrifice and martyrdom.

c. A desire to present the realities of modern life and portray with dignity the working poor.

In this sculpture, the artist imbues the portrait with _______ . a. a sense of pomposity and wealth to glorify his absolutist power. b. a sense of nostalgia for an agrarian and rural America, symbolized by the attached plowshare. c. Classical ideals of dignity, honor, and civic responsibility. d. a sense of aristocratic sophistication, elegant manners, and playfully luxurious life.

c. Classical ideals of dignity, honor, and civic responsibility.

What innovative device did Hals introduce in the 17th-century painting of group portraits? a. He placed the figures symmetrically according to height. b. He included allegorical symbols that identified each sitter. c. Figures were depicted as engaged in a lively social event. d. Figures were shown in allegorical roles from ancient mythological stories.

c. Figures were depicted as engaged in a lively social event

How does the subject of this work reflect the Enlightenment? a. It celebrates the rise of Catholicism and the cult to new religious devotions. b. It glorifies the divine right of the ruler with a theatrical and dramatic lighting. c. It reflects the rationalism of the Enlightenment, recording a scientific experiment. d. It idealizes the new humble lives of the Spanish and Italian aristocracy.

c. It reflects the rationalism of the Enlightenment, recording a scientific experiment.

Identify the period/style of the work, Statue of George Washington a. Baroque b. Romanticism c. Neoclassicism d. Mannerism

c. Neoclassicism

What is the term for this 19th-century European fascination and curiosity towards non-Western cultures of the East, visualized also in other paintings such as Ingres ́s Grande Odalisque? a. Fauvism b. Surrealism c. Orientalism d. Neoclassicism

c. Orientalism

In the works of other artists of this group, like Degas ́ The Rehearsal on Stage, the seeming arbitrary cropping of figures suggests the influence of ______. a. classical contrapposto b. baroque art c. photography d. medieval stained glass

c. Photography

Identify the artistic period & artist from the painting, Abbey in an Oak Forest. a. Impressionism & Monet b. Baroque & Ruisdael c. Romanticism & Friedrich d. Neoclassicism & David

c. Romanticism & Friedrich

Accomplished, educated women of the upper class often hosted ______, which were intimate, fashionable, and intellectual gatherings in rooms like this one, with profusely decorated walls and ceilings. a. religious rites b. tours c. salons d. academies

c. Salons

This style was also popular in late 18th century and early 19th century for the design of national museums, public buildings, and educational institutions. What are the sources of Thomas Jefferson ́s design for buildings such as the Virginia State Capitol and the Rotunda at the University of Virginia? a. They were based on his study of the Palace of Versailles and the Basilica of St. Peter. b. They were influenced by his knowledge of Egyptian and Medieval architecture. c. They were modeled on ancient Roman buildings such as Maison Carree and the Pantheon d. All of the above

c. They were modeled on ancient Roman buildings such as Maison Carree and the Pantheon

What about the work, The 3rd of May epitomize Romanticism in art? a. It is not factual. b. It glorifies the victors. c. is an image of terror and tragedy. d. It evokes a mythological subject.

c. is an image of terror and tragedy.

In another work by Manet, Olympia, the French viewing public were greatly horrified because of _______. a. her brutal depiction as a biblical heroine struggling to subdue her terrified enemy b. the inaccurate portrayal of the sitter, dressed as a classical goddess c. the sitter ́s shamelessness and defiant look in a modern interpretation of a reclining nude d. none of the above

c. the sitter ́s shamelessness and defiant look in a modern interpretation of a reclining nude

In contrast to the Realists, the artists of this group focused mostly on scenes of the _______. a. religious icons b. industrial monuments c. upper middle class at leisure d. social issues

c. upper middle class at leisure

How did A Harvest of Death, created by Timothy O ́Sullivan, respond as a new medium and how did it impact the nation? a. It brought the immediacy of the battle to the people in a way that surpassed previous or contemporary paintings of war. b. It aimed to comment on the high cost of war and the horror of the moment. c. It aimed to record historical events on the spot and to communicate them within a short span of time. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above

How does Delacroix ́s painting Death of Sardanapalus also epitomize Romanticism in art? a. It is a grand lurid fantasy inspired in a contemporary play by Lord Byron. b. It is a spectacle of pain and suffering blended with the erotic. c. It is also consistent with the Romantic taste for the exotic figures, costumes, and settings. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above

How does the work, Abbey in an Oak Forest, exemplify its artistic period and the approach of this artist to nature? a. Landscape is conceived as a vehicle through which to achieve spiritual revelation. b. The work is a kind of meditation on tragedy and human mortality. c. Human figures often play an insignificant role among the vast, dramatic, and mysterious forces of nature. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above

How does the work, The Stone Breakers reflect Realist beliefs? a. Realists argued that only what people could see was real. b. Realist artists were committed to painting the modern world honestly. c. Realists artists rejected historical and fictional subjects. d. All of the above. e. Only A and B.

d. All of the above

The Flemish painter, Rubens, was known for _________. a. his large studio with assistants, such as Van Dyck, who specialized in particular details b. his skills as both a painter and a diplomat c. being offered commissions by local patrons and European ruling monarchies and aristocrats d. all of the above e. only A and B

d. All of the above

What about this work, Le Déjeuner sur l ́Herbe, was particularly shocking? a. The "immoral" subject matter, presenting a suburban picnic with two fully clothed men in contemporary attire alongside a completely naked woman. b. The crude manner of painting (with rough brushstrokes, a sharp outlining of the figures, and the use of colors and light to flatten the forms), lacking the traditional finish of academic works. c. The provocative intentions of the artist combining his modern style and a modern interpretation of a scene borrowed from artworks of the past. d. All of the above

d. All of the above

What elements in this portrait helped Rigaud to transmit the image of an absolutist ruler? a. The magnificent surroundings, including a throne and a cloth of honor that serves as canopy. b. The elegant coronation robes trimmed with gold fleurs-de-lis and lined with ermine. c. The pompous pose of the sitter looking down on the observer emphasizing his exalted position. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above

What was the significance of the series Marie de' Medici commissioned from this artist? a. The series memorialized and glorified her career as queen and regent of France. b. Her late husband, Henry IV, was the first in the Bourbon royal line. c. It celebrates her success in diplomacy and negotiating marriage alliances. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above

Which of the following characteristics of Romantic painting does the work, The Raft of the Medusa demonstrate? a. The exploration of current events. b. The emphasis on emotion and drama. c. The political potential of art d. All of the above e. None of the above

d. All of the above

Which of the following was part of this artist's painting technique? a. Painting en plein air, sometimes while in a boat. b. Painting series of the same subject at different times of the day and under diverse weather conditions. c. Rendering changes in light and atmosphere. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above

Why was photography well suited to its age? a. It was celebrated as embodying a revelation of the visible world. b. It was a practical medium for recording the century's discoveries. c. Along with the shift of patronage, from the elite to middle class, photography could record comprehensible images at a lower cost. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above

Rembrandt was also an exceptional painter of group portraits, such as The Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq. What makes this mentioned work a brilliant example of the theatrical and emotional style that we usually associate with the 17th-century visual arts? a. The artist ́s ability to capture the frenetic activity of a company forming for a street parade. b. The dramatic use of light revealing Rembrandt ́s familiarity with Rubens and Caravagggio ́s works. c. The arrangement of the officers striding purposefully forward and the intensity of gestures and facial expressions. d. All of the above. e. Only A and B.

d. All of the above.

Which of the following describe the art patronage and tastes in the 17th-century Dutch Republic? a. Patrons such as royalty and the Catholic Church were uncommon. b. Due to economic prosperity, an expanding class of merchants emerged as art patrons. c. Painters centered on genre scenes, landscapes, portraits, and still life painting to appeal to the newly prosperous Dutch merchants. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above.

In these scenes, the artist often creates considerable suspense, excitement, and wonder by introducing a dramatic illumination borrowed from the tenebrism of Baroque artists like: a. Bernini & Brunelleschi b. Van Gogh & Monet c. Palladio & Donatello d. Gentileschi & Caravaggio

d. Gentileschi & Caravaggio

Identify the author of the work, The 3rd of May: a. David b. Rubens c. Monet d. Goya

d. Goya

Identify the artistic period from the work, Impression: a. Romanticism b. Surrealism c. Cubism d. Impressionism

d. Impressionism

As opposed to the patronage in earlier centuries, during the second half of the 19th century, who were major patrons of the arts in Europe? a. Monarchs b. Members of religious orders c. The Catholic Church d. Industrialists, entrepreneurs, upper middle class

d. Industrialists, entrepreneurs, upper middle class

To which category of painting does this work (on the right) belong, and why is it significant? a. It is a real landscape and reflects the lifestyle of French aristocracy in the eighteenth century. b. It is a mythological painting and represents the outdoor entertainment of French high society. c. It is a history painting and narrates a religious pilgrimage to a famous shrine in Southern France. d. It is a depiction of the amusements and entertainments of the other classes called a fete galante.

d. It is a depiction of the amusements and entertainments of the other classes called a fete gallant.

Identify the sitter in the portrait by Hyacinthe Rigaud (on the right): a. Pope Urban VIII b. Philip IV of Spain c. George Washington d. Louis XIV of France

d. Louis XIV of France

Who painted the work, Le Déjeuner sur l ́Herbe? a. Titian b. Friedrich c. Ingres d. Manet

d. Manet

As exemplified by this domestic interior (on the left), what artistic style, derived from the French term rocaille, developed in early 18th-century France when the court moved from Versailles to Paris? a. Baroque b. Romanticism c. Romanesque d. Rococo

d. Rococo

What event did the artist depict in the painting, The 3rd of May? a. The aftermath of a British victory over the French for the control of Quebec. b. The Turkish massacre of the Greeks of Chios during the Greek War for Independence. c. The 1830 Revolution in the streets of Paris demanding social and political reforms. d. The execution of unarmed Spaniards in Madrid by the invading troops of Napoleon.

d. The execution of unarmed Spaniards in Madrid by the invading troops of Napoleon.

Photography had a tremendous impact on the 19th-century history and art history. One of the earliest photographic processes was the daguerreotype. What was a disadvantage of the daguerreotype? a. The images resulting from this process were often blurry, lacking the crisp detail of the calotype. b. The photographic plate had to be exposed, developed, and fixed while wet. c. This photographic process only allowed to create images of inanimate objects. d. The image could not be reproduced; each daguerreotype was a unique work.

d. The image could not be reproduced; each daguerreotype was a unique work.

Géricault painted the work, The Raft of the Medusa, to _______. a. convey a message of Christian sacrifice and belief b. extol the antique virtues of stoicism, masculinity, and patriotism c. celebrate a heroic episode in the history of 19th century France d. expose incompetence, an aim that deviated from typical history paintings

d. expose incompetence, an aim that deviated from typical history paintings

Despite the extravagant surroundings and clothing, Rigaud also made the sitter appear ____. a. as the talented singer that he was in his youth proud of his fashionable looks. b. as a benefactor of the people and whose authority derived from a democratic parliament. c. God-like, with a pose and attributes that identify him with the Greek god Zeus. d. surprisingly human due to the directness of his gaze and the frankness of his aging face.

d. surprisingly human due to the directness of his gaze and the frankness of his aging face.