Chapter 5

The _____ address range is reserved for a computer to communicate with itself and is called the loopback.

127

IPv6 is based upon _________ -byte addresses.

16

A typical TCP segment has a _______ header of control information.

192-bit

The older version of IP has a ________ header of control information.

192-bit

A subnet mask of ___________ means that all computers with only the same first two bytes in their IPv4 addresses are on the same subnet.

255.255.0.0

IPv4 uses ________ bytes per Internet address.

4

IPv4 provides ___________ IP addresses.

4.3 billion

The ______ defines what type of packets should be routed and what types of packets should be discarded.

ACL

____created a service that allows organizations to transfer IPv4 addresses they don't need to another organization.

ARIN

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol was developed for ________ in 1974.

ARPANET

A(n) _________ is a specially formatted request used to perform IP address to data link address resolution.

Address Resolution Protocol request

UDP is not commonly used for:

HTTP requests

The ping command uses the most basic interior routing protocol on the Internet, which is the:

Internet Control Message Protocol

IGMP refers to:

Internet Group Management Protocol

Which of the following is not a component of a router?

Keyboard

________ is a type of dynamic routing.

Link state

_________ is not an important function of the transport layer.

Routing

_________ is the process of determining the path that a message will travel from sending computer to receiving computer.

Routing

______ is the translation of application layer addresses into IP addresses.

Server name resolution

Which of the following is not given to a client computer when it is first installed on a TCP/IP network so that it has the appropriate routing/addressing information?

application layer address

ICANN:

approves which network layer addresses (usually, approved or assigned in groups or classes) can be used by an organization for its computers that will connect to the Internet

One drawback to dynamic routing is:

The transmission of status information "wastes" network capacity that could be used to send user messages

The ____________ layer links the application layer with the network layer is responsible for end-to-end delivery of messages.

Transport

A destination port number at the transport layer identifies which application on a computer should receive the data transmission.

True

A hop in a routing calculation is defined as one link or circuit.

True

An Address Resolution Protocol message is broadcast to all computers in a subnet to find the data link layer address of a host whose IP address is known but whose MAC address is unknown.

True

An autonomous system is a network operated by one organization.

True

An example of an application layer address is www.indiana.edu.

True

Because there is a limit on the length of a frame that the data link layer can transmit from node to node, the transport layer breaks up the message from the application layer into several smaller segments.

True

Domain Name Servers provide the resolution of application layer addresses to their corresponding network layer address.

True

Part of the function of address resolution is translating the application layer address of the destination into a network layer address.

True

Quality of Service routing is a special type of routing in which different connections are assigned different priorities.

True

Routing is the process of determining the path or route through the network that a particular message will follow from the sender to the recipient.

True

Source port address is the logical address used to identify the application that is sending the data.

True

Subnet masks tell computers what part of an IP address is to be used to determine whether a destination is in the same subnet or in a different subnet.

True

TCP includes a sequence number so that the packets can be reassembled at the destination in the correct order.

True

The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol is an interior routing protocol originally developed by Cisco.

True

The TCP portion of TCP/IP performs linking to the application layer.

True

The data link layer address is generally encoded in a network card by the card's manufacturer.

True

The most common protocol for dynamic addressing in TCP/IP networks is the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.

True

The transport layer process running on the destination computer, reassembles the fragmented application message before passing it up to the application layer

True

Translating an application layer address to a network layer address and finally to a data link layer address is called address resolution.

True

Which of the following is not a protocol used at the application layer.

UDP

A special type of message that is used when sending the same message to all computers on a specific LAN or subnet is called a:

broadcast message

When TCP/IP translates a network layer address into a data link layer address, it sends a special ____________ to all computers in the subnet.

broadcast message

Dynamic addressing:

can solve many updating headaches for network managers who have large, growing, changing networks

The three fundamental approaches to routing are:

centralized, static routing, and dynamic routing

With QoS routing different __________ are defined, each with different priorities.

classes of service

A TCP three-way handshake is used to establish a ___________ messaging method.

connection-oriented

With _____________ messaging, each UDP segment makes its own way through the network without the use of sequence numbers or acknowledgements.

connectionless

With ________ routing, computers or routers count the number of hops along a route and periodically exchange information on the hop count with their neighbors.

distance vector

Stop-and-wait ARQ uses ___________ type of data flow.

half duplex

A client computer is typically assigned a data link layer address by a:

hardware manufacturer

The newer form of IP, version 6 (IPv6):

has an increased address size from 32 bits to 128 bits

IP:

is utilized during routing functions

A special type of message that is used when sending the same message to a specific group of computers is called a:

multicast message

IP addresses from 224 to 239 belong to Class D and are reserved for

multicasting

TCP/IP:

performs packetizing, as well as routing and addressing functions

Assume that more than one application program is using the same communications line on a particular computer. To be able to decide to which application program a message should be delivered on this computer, TCP/IP relies on the:

port address

An advantage of centralized routing is:

routing decisions are simple

In its simplest form, the __________ has two columns: the first column lists every destination network, while the second column lists the interface on which that computer should send messages, if they are destined for the network in the first column.

routing table

The _____________ is used by a computer to determine how messages will travel through the network.

routing table

The transport layer must break messages from the application layer into several _____ that can be sent to the network layer.

segments

TCP uses _____________ so that the destination station can reassemble the packets into the correct order.

sequence numbers

A(n) ________ refers to a group of computers that are logically grouped together by IP number.

subnet

A type of message that is used when sending a message from one computer to another computer is called a:

unicast message

The source port identifier of the received TCP segment tells the destination station _____________.

which application layer process the packet is from

An application layer address using TCP/IPv4 looks like:

www.cba.uga.edu

A majority of routers use the following operating system:

Cisco Internetwork Operating System

_______ communication is most commonly used when the application data or message can fit into one single packet.

Connectionless

When TCP/IP translates an application layer address into an IP address, it sends a special __________ to the nearest DNS server.

DNS request packet

Server name resolution is done using the:

Domain Name Service

_________ refers to the type of routing in which the routing table is developed by the network manager and modifications are made only when computers are added to or removed from the network.

Static routing

What are the two types of ARQ?

Stop an wait and continuous

The negotiation by the transport layer at the sender with the transport layer at the receiver to determine what size packets should be set up is done via establishing a(n) ___________ between the sender and receiver.

TCP Connection

______ is the dominant network protocol today and is in use in virtually every LAN and WAN in the world.

TCP/IP