Baroque in Brazil/Latin America
Retable
1. A structure forming the back of an altar, especially: a. An overhanging shelf for lights and ornaments. b. A frame enclosing painted panels.
Choir balcony
Choir plays on the 2nd floor in the front or back
Oscar Niemeyer: Brasilia Cathedral
Concept: "crown of thorns" • Four evangelists: Mathew, Mark, Luke and John
Aleijadinho: Sanctuary of Bom Jesus de Matosinhos stations and chapels
Hill of the Clavary: 6 chapels, 7 stations of the cross 1- Chapel of the Last Supper 2- Chapel of the Mount of Olives 3- Chapel of Taking Christ 4- Chapel of the Flagellation and the Crowning with of Thorns 5- Chapel of the Carrying of the Cross 6- Chapel of Crucifixion 7- Terrace (Parvis) of the Prophets 8- Church of the Bom Jesus do Matozinhos
Antonio Francisco Lisboa ALEIJADINHO
• Born in Villa Rica ("Rich Town"), whose name was later changed to Ouro Preto ("Black Gold"), Brazil, in 1738 (sometimes said to be in 1730) • Son of Manuel Francisco Lisboa and his slave, Isabel. • His father, a carpenter, had immigrated to Brazil where his skills were so in demand that he appears to have been elevated to the position of architect. • When Aleijadinho was young his father married and he was raised in his father's home along with his half siblings. • Aleijadinho first appears as a day labor working on the Nossa Senhora do Carmo Church in Ouro Preto, a church designed by his father. • It was shortly thereafter (around forty years old) that the signs of a debilitating disease (maybe leprosy, or a kind of bone degeneration) began to show and not long after that Aleijadinho received the nickname by which he has come down through history. • After that he became more and more of a recluse, working mostly at night. When he did go out in public he would be carried through the streets in a covered palaquin by his slave/assistant.
Baroque Architecture in Brazil Salvador, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais 17th and 18th century
• Illusionist ceiling • Unified naves • Coffered ceilings • Suppression of the crossing dome and transept • Rectangular envelopes
Estípite
• a tapering pilaster, shaped like an inverted pyramid and derived from Mannerist architecture
Walton dorms are an example of what?
Spanish Revival
Leonhard Deubler: Compania de Jesus Quito, Ecuador, 1722-60/5
barrel vaults inside
Two Bells Towers
not this one specifically but same idea with bells on each side
Sagrario Metropolitano, Mexico city
retable facade
São Francisco Church and Monastery salvador
the gold cavern
dome features
very decorative and ornamented
Aleijadinho: Sanctuary of Bom Jesus de Matosinhos
• A wealthy businessman, Feliciano Mendes, had built the church to fulfill a vow made while he was desperately ill. • Between 1800 and 1805 Aleijadinho completed the twelve soapstone figures by having his assistants strap his hammer and chisels to what remained of his hands, which did not at this point include fingers. • Since he no longer had feet to stand on he had pads strapped to his knees up which he'd climb the ladders needed to get him off the ground. • The Twelve Prophets from the old testament are arranged in front of the church. • The Prophet Isaiah is believed to be Tiradentes, and Amos to be Aleijadinho.
